N-acetylcysteine renoprotection in methotrexate induced nephrotoxicity and its effects on B-cell lymphoma.

Background: Nephrotoxicity is one of the known side effects of methotrexate (MTX) therapy despite the use of conventional protective measures. Our objectives were to evaluate the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on MTX-induced toxicity in renal tubular cells and to evaluate whether adjunctive use of NAC interferes with MTX antitumor activity in the B-cell lymphoma.

Methods: Kidney Epithelial (Madin-Darby canine kidney [MDCK]) cells were exposed to MTX (10 μM or 100 μM) alone and with NAC (0.

N-acetylcysteine rescue protocol for nephrotoxicity in children caused by ifosfamide.

Nephrotoxicity is a serious side effect associated with ifosfamide use. It can affect up to 30% of children who are treated with this chemotherapeutic drug, and treatment may necessitate lifelong supplementations, renal dialysis, renal transplant, and in severe cases may result in death. The antioxidant n-acetylcysteine is a promising strategy for mitigating this renal toxicity.

N-acetylcysteine as a novel prophylactic treatment for ifosfamide-induced nephrotoxicity in children: translational pharmacokinetics.

Ifosfamide (IFO), which is used in the treatment of pediatric solid tumors, causes high rates of nephrotoxicity. N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antidote for acetaminophen overdose, has been shown to prevent IFO-induced renal cell death and nephrotoxicity in both LLCPK-1 cells and a rat model. To facilitate the use of NAC in preventing IFO-induced nephrotoxicity in children, the authors compared the systemic exposure to NAC in children treated for acetaminophen overdose to the systemic exposure of the therapeutically effective rat model.

Treatment of juvenile xanthogranuloma.

Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is generally a benign, self-limited histiocytic disorder of the skin. We report two cases of multisystem JXG presenting with clinical features more commonly seen in Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), including diabetes insipidus and lytic bony lesions. Histologically, the skin lesions demonstrated a histiocytic dermal infiltrate that stained for CD-68, but S-100 and CD1a stains were negative.