Molecular Characterization of spp. in Cattle from Kazakhstan.

Bovine anaplasmosis is an infectious vector-borne disease caused by bacteria of the genus , which have a wide global distribution and represent a high economic burden for agriculture. The use of molecular genetic techniques has increased our knowledge of the species diversity of spp. and naturally susceptible animals.

[Predictors of survival after heart transplantation: role of pretransplantation and posttransplantation factors].

Objective of this study was to assess the impact of pre- and posttransplantation factors on 12-month survival after orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT). Annual survival after OHT was 79.2%.

[Improving diagnostics of leukoplakia].

The study included 32 patients (among them 20 patients with simple and 12 with verrucous leukoplakia) and presents both classic and advanced diagnostic methods for this disease: clinical examination, histological and immunohistochemical studies. The latter allows revealing neoplastic transformation of the oral mucosa.

[Noninvasive diagnosis of acute cellular rejection of transplanted heart].

Endomyocardial biopsy remains the gold standard of diagnosis of acute cellular rejection after heart transplantation. However, routine biopsies are of major inconvenience to patients and are also risky and costly. In the present research we considered possibility of non-invasive diagnosis of acute cellular rejection in patients after orthotopic heart transplantation.

[Morphoprocess and life cycles of organisms].

In developing the ideas of V.N. Beklemishev about an organism as a form, existing in a process of determined transformation and matter/energy exchange, we consider different aspects of the term "morphoprocess" and introduce corresponding additional terms.

[Differences in the lifespan of freshwater pearl mussels (Margaritifera margaritifera) as an evidence of impossibility of "negligble senescence" (based on the studies over the territory around Saint-Petersburg)].

The statement on the existence of the organisms with "negligible senescence" is based on the supposition that the probability of their death as adult does not change with aging. However, the direct observations which could either confirm or reject such suggestion are absent, and it is impossible to obtain them for the majority of the "non-aging" organisms. The data on the mortality of the European pearl mussel living in natural environment show that despite the features of "negligible senescence" (continuous growth, longevity, capacity to breed during the entire life), the probability of death increases with aging.

[Antibiotic therapy of mild community-acquired pneumonia in inpatients].

From the clinicoeconomic viewpoints the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in patients without risk factors under hospital conditions with aminopenicillins was more appropriate, whereas for the treatment of patients with risk factors the following scheme of antibiotic therapy was advantageous: a beta-lactam (cefotaxime/ceftriaxone) in combination with a macrolide (azithromycin). The recommended therapy provided statistically lower percentage of negative pneumonia processes and decreased the treatment expenditures.

[Antibiotic therapy of severe community-acquired pneumonia].

Combined antibiotic therapy, including the use of intravenous cefotaxime (a beta-lactam) and azithromycin (a macrolide) was shown advantageous from both clinical and economic viewpoints in the treatment of severe community-acquired pneumonia.

[Tympanoplasty: problems and realization].

The authors describe how to provide safety and effectiveness of tympanoplasty, the principle of standard preparation and performance of the operation. They think it necessary to thoroughly assess stability of intralabyrinthine pressure and retrochochlear functions, to normalize humoral immunity and rheological blood properties, function of the acoustic tube, to choose optimal preserver and technique of reconstruction, how to evaluate postoperative outcome. Adequate use of the techniques widens the spectrum of reparative operations on the middle ear applied in practice.

[Identification of immunoreactive epitopes in proteins coded by gag, env, and pol genes of the type I human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV-I) using synthetic peptides].

Reactivity of 26 synthetic peptides that comprise 12 to 26 amino acid residues corresponding to segments of the gag p19, env gp46, and pol proteins of human T-lymphotropic virus type I toward 31 positive sera was studied using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Specific reactivity with high titers of antibodies (presented in reciprocal dilution values) was detected for the synthetic peptides corresponding to fragments 110-130 and 100-130 (titers up to 4050) of p19, 174-197 (up to 800), 186-201 (up to 4050), 191-215 (up to 1350), 242-257 (up to 800), and 272-292 (up to 450) of gp46. Immunoreactivity of seven peptides, fragments of pol-proteins, was weak.

[Reconstruction of the ossicle-tympanic system with a variable configuration prosthesis].

The author offers a prosthesis with variable internal configuration made of human fetus flat bone. The prosthesis is intended for ossicle tympanoplasty in chronic otitis media when total and subtotal destruction of the auditory ossicle takes place and in partial defect of the lateral attic wall. The design warrants adjustment to different area of the tympanic ring region.

[Tympanoplasty in massive destruction of bony walls of the tympanic cavity].

New variants of occulotympanoplasty employing single and double--T, double--T--supporting prostheses in patients with chronic otitis media are provided. Surgical application of the flat bone and dura mater from human fetus facilitates the operative technique and reduces traumatism of the transplanted appliances. The results obtained confirm feasibility of adjusting the transformation system according to individual morphologic setting and suggest conclusions on superiority of the designs with little persistence, i.

[Cerebral oximeter INVOS-3100].

A new device is described: cerebral oximeter intended for monitoring cerebral oxygenation and early diagnosis of cerebral ischemia and hypoxia. The advantages and shortcomings of the proposed method are analyzed in comparison with other current methods for the early diagnosis of cerebral ischemia.

[A experimental device for ultrasonic control of ear ossicle prosthesis function].

A device designed by the author is intended for functional control over prosthetic auditory ossicle efficacy in experiment. The device employs Doppler effect and lies inside the frame adjusted for the experimental conditions. The device provides standard conditions for determining amplitude-frequency characteristics and signal transmission factor in the range 128-2000 Hz.

[Use of histocompatibility class I molecule peptides for in vivo induction of specific T-suppressors in allogenic systems and prolongation of mouse skin graft life].

Six synthetic peptides were selected for the individual molecule H-2Kb of the major histocompatibility complex class 1. Optimum conditions were elaborated for the induction of specific suppressor T cells in vivo by peptide 6 (alpha 2 domain) in an intravenous dose of 33 micrograms to the tail vein or 100 micrograms to the orbital sinus, followed by testing the suppressor activity in inhibiting in vitro proliferation in the three-cell MLC in response to irradiated cells of the stimulator Kb (BL/6) in the absence of suppressed response to the foreign stimulator Kk (B10.BR).

[Use of peptides of major histocompatibility type I molecules for induction of specific T-suppressors in vivo in an allogeneic system and extending the life of a murine skin transplant].

Six synthetic peptides represented as variable sequences of the MHC class 1 molecule H-2Kb were synthesized. Appropriate conditions were elaborated for induction of specific suppressor T cells in vivo by peptide 6 (alpha 2 domain) that is introduced intravenously in a dose of 33 micrograms into the tail vein or 100 micrograms into the orbital venous sinus with subsequent testing for inhibition of proliferation in vitro in response to irradiated stimulator cells Kb (BL/6), whereas the stimulator Kk (B10.BR) did not induce any suppressor activity.

[Indications and contraindications to glomectomy in patients with bronchial asthma].

Thirty-year experience in surgical treatment of more than 3,000 patients with severe and moderately severe bronchial asthma showed that unilateral glomectomy produces a stable positive result in 69.5% of patients in follow-up repiods of two and more decades. Clinical recovery occurred in 23.

[The effect of the pulsed radiation of a fast electron beam on the fluorescence of solutions of biological molecules].

The intensity of fluorescence of amino acid and globular protein solutions, exposed to a pulsed electron beam in the presence and absence of the concurrent pulsed electromagnetic field was found to be a function of radiation dose. The observed decline in the fluorescence intensity was slightly dependent on the solution concentration and dependent on the time and dose-rate of irradiation. The effect of the concurrent pulsed radiation of the electromagnetic field was sometimes observed.

[The development of the interfollicular epidermis in rats following autotransplantation].

Under study were changes to the structure of the rat epidermis detached with the help of incomplete vacuum after its autotransplantation onto the surface of the subcutaneous fat. The epidermis was transferred from the donor area onto the receptive bed protected by a preserving chamber with the help of the glue partly soluble backing. The transplanted epidermis, despite certain traumatization during the detachment, preserves its vital capacity and is actively developing under new conditions during the whole period of the investigation (28 days).

[Development of interfollicular epidermis on the surface of collagen framework of the dermis in experimental animals].

The fate of interfollicular epidermis keratinocytes which filled the hair follicles bursas of collagen dermis framework was investigated in the autotransplantation experiment. Collagen dermis framework was prepared from the skin flap. Interfollicular epidermis was detached with the help of suction method and transferred to the collagen dermis framework surface which was placed previously on the full thickness skin defect surface.

[Changes in the microstructure of the human epidermis following local vacuum exfoliation].

Structural rearrangements of the human epidermis have been studied after its local vacuum exfoliation. Blisters have been formed in 48 men-volunteers by means of negative pressure up to 0.7 kg/cm2 and during the following 72 h structure of the exfoliated epidermis has been investigated.

[Xenogeneic splenic perfusion in the treatment of bronchial asthma patients].

Blood morphology, external respiratory function, central hemodynamics, cellular and humoral immunity, circulating immune complexes, average molecules and leucocytic index were examined in 40 patients with a severe and average severe course of infection-dependent bronchial asthma before and after xenosplenoperfusion. Positive clinical results were noted manifested in an increase of the immune reactivity, improvement of external respiratory function. The method should be used with care due to additional sensibilization of the patient and possible bronchospasm.