Ankle and foot deformities and malformations in proximal femoral focal deficiency.

Purpose: To describe foot abnormalities in proximal femoral focal deficiency and their correlation to the severity.

Methods: Eighty-nine extremities in 87 patients were evaluated between 1996 and 2020 clinically and radiologically. Fibula length, ankle shape, tarsal coalitions, and the number of foot rays were recorded.

Harnessing the Biomimetic Effect of Macromolecular Crowding in the Cell-Derived Model of Clubfoot Fibrosis.

Fibrotic changes in pediatric clubfoot provide an opportunity to improve corrective therapy and prevent relapses with targeted drugs. This study defines the parameters of clubfoot fibrosis and presents a unique analysis of a simple pseudo-3D model for disease-specific high-throughput drug screening experiments. The model combines clubfoot-derived fibroblasts with a biomimetic cultivation environment induced by the water-soluble polymers Ficoll and Polyvinylpyrrolidone, utilizing the principle of macromolecular crowding.

[Comparison of Modifications of Femoral and Tibial Lengthening in Children].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Limb lengthening has always belonged to the most complex surgical techniques in paediatric orthopaedics. In our study, we compared the results of femoral and tibial lengthening using three different surgical techniques. The presented study aimed to shorten the duration of external fixation to a minimum and to reduce the complication rate.

The possible role of hypoxia in the affected tissue of relapsed clubfoot.

Our aim was to study the expression of hypoxia-related proteins as a possible regulatory pathway in the contracted side tissue of relapsed clubfoot. We compared the expression of hypoxia-related proteins in the tissue of the contracted (medial) side of relapsed clubfoot, and in the tissue of the non-contracted (lateral) side of relapsed clubfoot. Tissue samples from ten patients were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and image analysis, Real-time PCR and Mass Spectrometry to evaluate the differences in protein composition and gene expression.

Increased Collagen Crosslinking in Stiff Clubfoot Tissue: Implications for the Improvement of Therapeutic Strategies.

Congenital clubfoot is a complex musculoskeletal deformity, in which a stiff, contracted tissue forms in the medial part of the foot. Fibrotic changes are associated with increased collagen deposition and lysyl oxidase (LOX)-mediated crosslinking, which impair collagen degradation and increase the tissue stiffness. First, we studied collagen deposition, as well as the expression of collagen and the amount of pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline crosslinks in the tissue of relapsed clubfoot by immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Lengthening of the ulna by callotasis in children with multiple hereditary exostoses: comparison of methods with and without internal fixation.

Purpose: The goal of this retrospective study was to compare the gradual lengthening of the ulna in children with multiple hereditary exostoses with and without an elastic intramedullary nail.

Methods: Between 1998 to 2018, the ulna was lengthened in 28 forearms in 21 patients (aged 7.1 to 16.

[Correction of Valgus Knee Deformity by Hemiepiphyseodesis: a Restrospective Analysis].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Hemiepiphyseodesis is commonly used to correct a coronal plane knee deformity during childhood. Since 2007 Blount staple method has been replaced by the eight-Plate Guided Growth System. We retrospectively analysed the indications, results and complications of the older Blount staple method so as to compare them with the newer eight-Plate Guided Growth system.

Chondrosarcomas of the small bones: analysis of 44 patients.

Background: Chondrosarcomas of the small bones of the hands and feet are uncommon and account for less than 2% of all chondrosarcomas in the skeleton; a 4.2% rate of malignant degeneration of enchondromas to secondary chondrosarcomas has been reported. We performed this study to assess the outcome of the patients with chondrosarcomas of the small bones.

Analysis of Gene Expression of Pseudoarthrosis Tissue in Congenital Short Femur, Initial Study and First Exprerience.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Although the congenital short femur is morphologically well characterized, changes at the molecular level have not been described in the literature so far. The absence of such information, along with the unknown aetiology of the defect, was the motivation for analysing angiogenesis and osteogenesis in the pseudoarthrosis (false joint) tissue in PFFD patients compared to physiological bone. The authors expected differences in gene expression, particularly in the quantity of expressed genes.

Minoxidil decreases collagen I deposition and tissue-like contraction in clubfoot-derived cells: a way to improve conservative treatment of relapsed clubfoot?

Aim: Clubfoot is a congenital deformity affecting the musculoskeletal system, resulting in contracted and stiff tissue in the medial part of the foot. Minoxidil (MXD) has an inhibitory effect on lysyl hydroxylase, which influences the quality of extracellular matrix crosslinking, and could therefore be used to reduce the stiffness and to improve the flexibility of the tissue. We assessed the antifibrotic effects of minoxidil on clubfoot-derived cells.

Increased Microvessel and Arteriole Density in the Contracted Side of the Relapsed Clubfoot.

Background: Clubfoot deformity (pes equinovarus) is one of the most common birth defects, and its etiology is still unknown. Initial clubfoot treatment is based on the Ponseti method throughout most of the world. Despite the effectiveness of this therapy, clubfoot may relapse.

[Mid-Term Results of Treatment of Severe Grades of Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis without Surgical Hip Dislocation].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY To evaluate the results of treatment of acute and chronic severe slips of slipped capital femoral epiphysis. The tested hypothesis was that the results will be comparable with the methods using surgical hip dislocation. MATERIAL AND METHODS In the period 1996-2014, 26 patients were treated for severe slips ( >60°).

Novel contribution to clubfoot pathogenesis: The possible role of extracellular matrix proteins.

Idiopathic pes equinovarus (clubfoot) is a congenital deformity of the feet and lower legs. Clubfoot belongs to a group of fibro-proliferative disorders but its origin remains unknown. Our study aimed to achieve the first complex proteomic comparison of clubfoot contracted tissue of the foot (medial side; n = 16), with non-contracted tissue (lateral side; n = 13).

Range of motion after total knee arthroplasty in hemophilic arthropathy.

Background: Outcomes of total knee replacement in cases of hemophilic patients are worse than in patients who undergo operations due to osteoarthritis. Previous publications have reported varying rates of complications in hemophilic patients, such as infection and an unsatisfactory range of motion, which have influenced the survival of prostheses. Our retrospective study evaluated the data of hemophilic patients regarding changes in the development of the range of motion.

Electrocardiogram-synchronized pulsatile extracorporeal life support preserves left ventricular function and coronary flow in a porcine model of cardiogenic shock.

Introduction: Veno-arterial extracorporeal life support (ECLS) is increasingly being used to treat rapidly progressing or severe cardiogenic shock. However, it has been repeatedly shown that increased afterload associated with ECLS significantly diminishes left ventricular (LV) performance. The objective of the present study was to compare LV function and coronary flow during standard continuous-flow ECLS support and electrocardiogram (ECG)-synchronized pulsatile ECLS flow in a porcine model of cardiogenic shock.

Possible pathogenetic mechanisms and new therapeutic approaches of pes equinovarus.

Idiopathic pes equinovarus (clubfoot) is a congenital deformity of the foot and lower leg defined as a fixation of the foot in plantar flexion, adduction, supination and varus. The deformity does not affect only the foot position, which is usually investigated by radiography, CT, micro-CT, MRI or ultrasound but logically influence the whole gait biomechanics. It is supposed, that clubfoot belongs to a group of fibroproliferative disorders whose origin and multi-hierarchical effect remain unknown.

[Operative Treatment for Saddle-Shaped Femoral Heads].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY A saddle-shaped deformity of the femoral head has a poor prognosis due to rapid development of secondary changes. A new method of treatment by intra-articular anteromedial wedge reduction osteotomy (AWRO) of the femoral head may preserve the hip for the future. This study was designed to ascertain that this invasive technique was safe and effective and to confirm our hypothesis that AWRO significantly improved functional and radiological parameters of the hip joint.

Proteomic analysis of the extracellular matrix in idiopathic pes equinovarus.

Idiopathic pes equinovarus is a congenital deformity of the foot and lower leg defined as a fixation of the foot in adduction, supination, and varus. Although the pathogenesis of clubfoot remains unclear, it has been suggested that fibroblasts and growth factors are involved. To directly analyze the protein composition of the extracellular matrix in contracted tissue of patients with clubfoot.

Muscle transfers in children and adults improve external rotation in cases of obstetrical brachial plexus paralysis: a comparative study.

Purpose: Latissimus dorsi and teres major transfers to the lateral side of the humerus with lengthening of the pectoralis major and subscapularis muscles for residual shoulder deformity were compared in children and skeletally mature patients.

Methods: Fifteen patients (nine children, six skeletally mature patients aged three to 30 years, follow-up one to 22 years) were treated for internal shoulder contracture after birth plexus lesions: C5-C6 (seven patients); C5-7 (five patients); C5-C8-T1 (three patients, respectively). Range of movement, Mallet shoulder function score and radiographs were assessed.

Comparison of the short-term and long-term results of the Ponseti method in the treatment of idiopathic pes equinovarus.

Purpose: Congenital club foot is one of the most common birth defects involving the musculoskeletal system. At present two methods are used for the treatment of this deformity: French and Ponseti method. The purpose of this study was to compare the short-term (up to three years) and long-term (three to seven years) results of treatment with the Ponseti method.

Anteromedial wedge reduction osteotomy for the treatment of femoral head deformities.

Aspherical femoral head deformity has poor a prognosis which can lead to early arthritic changes in young adults. The intraartricular anteromedial wedge reduction osteotomy restores sphericity of the femoral head.
We performed seven anteromedial wedge reduction osteotomies.

Cruciate ligaments in proximal femoral focal deficiency: arthroscopic assessment.

Background: Because there is limited information concerning the cruciate ligaments in proximal femoral focal deficiency, knee arthroscopy was used to identify the changes of cruciate ligaments and their relation to the different types of this deficiency.

Methods: Knee arthroscopy was performed in 21 consecutive patients with deficiency types III, IV, VII-IX using the Pappas classification. A new classification of the knee was created.

[Efficiency of conservative treatment by overhead traction in developmental dysplasia of the hip].

Purpose Of The Study: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a disorder affecting the development of the acetabulum, proximal femur and joint capsule. The objective of this study was to analyse the results of closed reduction by overhead traction in subluxated and dislocated hips.

Material And Methods: In the period from 2002 to 2007, a total of 109 patients (124 hips) were treated by overhead traction.