Therapeutic Potential of Crocin and Nobiletin in a Mouse Model of Dry Eye Disease: Modulation of the Inflammatory Response and Protection of the Ocular Surface.

Background: Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial condition characterized by ocular surface inflammation, tear film instability, and corneal epithelial damage. Current treatments often provide temporary relief without addressing the underlying inflammatory mechanisms.

Objectives: This study examined the therapeutic potential of crocin and nobiletin, two naturally derived compounds with well-known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, in a mouse model of DED induced by lacrimal gland excision (LGE).

Examining the relationship between per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances and breast, colorectal, prostate, and ovarian cancers: a meta-analysis.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are synthetic chemicals used widely in industrial and commercial applications. Concerns exist about their potential link to cancer risk as possible endocrine-disrupting chemicals. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the dose-response relationship between PFAS, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) exposure and risk of breast, prostate, colorectal, and ovarian cancers.

Chitosan based extruded nanofibrous bioscaffold for local delivery of mesenchymal stem cells to improve diabetic wound healing.

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based treatment strategy has shown promise in bolstering the healing process of chronic wounds in diabetic patients, who are at risk of amputation and mortality. To overcome the drawbacks of suboptimal cell retention and diminished cell viability at the injury site, a novel nanofibrous biomaterial-based scaffold was developed by using a controlled extrusion of a polymeric solution to deliver the cells (human adipose-derived MSCs (ADMSCs) and placenta-derived MSCs (PLMSCs)) locally to the animal model of diabetic ulcers.

Methods: The physicochemical and biological properties of the nano-bioscaffold were characterized in terms of microscopic images, FTIR spectroscopy, tensile testing, degradation and swelling tests, contact angle measurements, MTT assay, and cell attachment evaluation.

Using chitosan-coated magnetite nanoparticles as a drug carrier for opioid delivery against breast cancer.

Over the past decades, opium derivatives have been discovered as new anticancer agents. In our study, FeO superparamagnetic nanoparticles (SPIONs) decorated with chitosan were loaded with papaverine or noscapine to surmount drug delivery-related obstacles. Modifying the magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) surface with polymeric materials such as chitosan prevents oxidation and provides a site for drug linkage, which renders them a great drug carrier.

Preparation, Optimization and Characterization of Fluticasoneloaded Mixed Micelles Based on Stearic Acid-g-chitosan as a Pulmonary Delivery System.

Purpose: The primary objective of this study was to optimize formulation variables and investigate the characteristics of fluticasone propionate (FP)-loaded mixed polymeric micelles, which were composed of depolymerized chitosan-stearic acid copolymer (DC-SA) in combination with either tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate or dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine for pulmonary drug delivery.

Methods: A D-optimal design was employed for the optimization procedure, considering lipid/ polymer ratio, polymer concentration, drug/ polymer ratio, and lipid type as independent variables. Dependent variables included particle size, polydispersion index, zeta potential, drug encapsulation efficiency, and loading efficiency of the polymeric micelles.

Exploring the Synergistic Effect of Sildenafil and Green Tea Polyphenols on Breast Cancer Stem Cell-like Cells and their Parental Cells: A Potential Novel Therapeutic Approach.

Background: Many cancer studies have intensely focused on the role of diet, among other factors involved in cancer establishment. The positive effect of green tea polyphenols (GTP) on controlling breast cancer cells has been reported in several studies. Cancer stem cell-like cells (CSC-LCs) possessing self-renewal, metastatic, and drug-resistant capacities are considered prominent therapeutic targets.

Association Between the Pulmonary Artery Pulsatility Index and Prognosis in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Multicentre Study.

Background: Risk stratification is fundamental in the management of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Pulmonary artery pulsatility index (PAPi), defined as pulmonary arterial pulse pressure divided by right atrial pressure (RAP), is a hemodynamic index shown to predict acute right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in several settings. Our objective was to test the prognostic utility of PAPi in a diverse multicentre cohort of patients with PAH.

The Impact of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts on Drug Resistance, Stemness, and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Bladder Cancer: A Comparison between Recurrent and Non-Recurrent Patient-Derived CAFs.

This study comparatively evaluated the possible effects of recurrent and non-recurrent patient-derived Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs-R and -NR) on the bladder cancer cell line, EJ138. Both groups of CAFs increased cisplatin resistance and altered cell cycle distribution alongside induced resistance to apoptosis. Later, the scratch assay confirmed the cell migration-inducing effects of CAFs on cells.

Effect of heat stress on DNA damage: a systematic literature review.

Thermal stress has a direct effect on various types of DNA damage, which depends on the stage of the cell cycle when the cell is exposed to different climate conditions. A literature review was conducted to systematically investigate and assess the overall effect of heat stress and DNA damage following heat exposure. In this study, electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched to find relevant literature on DNA damage in different ambient temperatures.

Review on Approved and Inprogress COVID-19 Vaccines.

The last generation of Coronavirus named COVID-19 is responsible for the recent worldwide outbreak. Concerning the widespread and quick predominance, there is a critical requirement for designing appropriate vaccines to surmount this grave problem. Correspondingly, in this revision, COVID-19 vaccines (which are being developed until March 29th, 2021) are classified into specific and non-specific categories.

Thermal stress and TiO nanoparticle-induced oxidative DNA damage and apoptosis in mouse hippocampus.

Titanium dioxide (nano-TiO) is used abundantly in various industrial products and novel medical therapies. In addition, the impact of climate change on the health and safety will undoubtedly increase in the future. However, the effects of exposure to these nanoparticles and heat stress on hippocampal DNA damage and apoptosis remain unclear.

Combined regimens of cisplatin and metformin in cancer therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Cancer cell resistance to chemotherapy agents is a challenging issue in treating patients with cancer. Findings suggest that a combination of drugs may have synergistic or additive effects. in the present study, we systematically reviewed the combined regimens of metformin with cisplatin in various treating cancers.

Modification of the hemodynamic and molecular features of phosphine, a potent mitochondrial toxicant in the heart, by cannabidiol.

Aluminum phosphide (AlP) poisoning is common in many countries responsible for high mortality. The heart is the main target organ in AlP poisoning. Several studies have reported the beneficial effects of cannabidiol (CBD) in reducing heart injuries.

Electrocardiographic, hemodynamic, and biochemical evidence on the protective effects of exenatide against phosphine-induced cardiotoxicity in rat model.

Aluminum phosphide (AlP) poisoning can be deadly in most cases targeting the heart. To overcome AlP toxicity, exenatide has been studied in the present study due to its pleiotropic effects on cardiac damages. In this study, the rats were exposed to LD of AlP (10 mg/kg) by gavage, and exenatide at doses (0.

Bisphenol-A in biological samples of breast cancer mastectomy and mammoplasty patients and correlation with levels measured in urine and tissue.

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are organic compounds that have estrogenic activity and can interfere with the endocrine system. Bisphenol-A (BPA) is one of these compounds which possess a potential risk for breast cancer. The aim of this research was to evaluate BPA concentration in both the urine and breast adipose tissue samples of breast cancer mastectomy and mammoplasty patients and study correlations of BPA levels in breast adipose tissue with urine samples in the both groups.

Restoring Endogenous Repair Mechanisms to Heal Chronic Wounds with a Multifunctional Wound Dressing.

Current treatment of chronic wounds has been critically limited by various factors, including bacterial infection, biofilm formation, impaired angiogenesis, and prolonged inflammation. Addressing these challenges, we developed a multifunctional wound dressing-based three-pronged approach for accelerating wound healing. The multifunctional wound dressing, composed of nanofibers, functional nanoparticles, natural biopolymers, and selected protein and peptide, can target multiple endogenous repair mechanisms and represents a promising alternative to current wound healing products.

L Latex: Possible Chemo-Preventive, Apoptotic Activity and Safety Assessment.

Hepatocellular carcinoma is the third cause of cancer-related mortality with the low 5-year survival in which more than 50 percent of patients have recurrent cancer within 2 years of treatment. The present study investigated the cytotoxicity and lethal dose of L. (Figure) latex and phytochemical composition of effective fraction.

A narrative review of current trends in liraglutide: insights into the unmet needs in management of type 2 diabetes and obesity.

Liraglutide is a long-acting human glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue and an effective treatment for patients with metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. This review focuses on the mechanism of action of liraglutide as a well-known glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) in patients with T2DM and obesity. The lower and the higher doses of GLP-1 RAs are used for glycaemic control in T2DM and in obesity respectively.

Exosomes derived from miR-34a-overexpressing mesenchymal stem cells inhibit in vitro tumor growth: A new approach for drug delivery.

Aims: Exosomes hold great promise as bio-inspired delivery vehicles. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recognized for their potential to yield huge quantities of exosomes. We aimed to investigate the potential use of modified exosomes derived from genetically modified dental pulp MSCs (DPSCs) as a carrier to deliver tumor suppressor miR-34a to repress proliferation of breast carcinoma cells.

Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Docking Study of New Pyrimidine Compounds as Anticancer Agents.

Objectives: The microtubule is composed of αβ tubulin heterodimers and is an attractive target for the design of anticancer drugs. Over the years, various compounds have been developed and their effect on tubulin polymerization has been studied. Despite a great efforts to make an effective drug, no drug has been introduced which inhibit Colchicine binding site.

The Inhibitory Effect of Curcumin on Hypoxia Inducer Factors (Hifs) as a Regulatory Factor in the Growth of Tumor Cells in Breast Cancer Stem-Like Cells.

Hypoxia in the microenvironment is related to chemotherapy resistance, tumor progression, and metastasis. Curcumin, as a phenolic compound extracted from the turmeric, has been used as an anti-cancer agent with low toxicity in recent years. Since curcumin has inhibitory activities against hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) in several cancers, this study was conducted to examine the effect of curcumin on MCF-7 cells and cancer stem-like cells (CS-LCs) under hypoxic and normoxic conditions.

A Preliminary Study of NER and MMR Pathways Involved in Chemotherapy Response in Bladder Transitional Cell Carcinoma: Impact on progression-free survival.

One of the main genotoxic drugs used in bladder cancer chemotherapy is cisplatin. While it is applied in most types of cancers, resistance to cisplatin is wildly common. In order to overcome drug resistance, it is necessary to determine a predictive marker.

Comparison of insulin secretion by transduced adipose-derived and endometrial-derived stem cells in 2D and 3D cultures on fibrin scaffold.

Type 1 diabetes is a metabolic disorder caused by the loss or dysfunction of β-cells in the pancreas. Organ shortage is a critical concern of diabetic patients in need of beta islet transplantation. Tissue engineered islets are promising alternatives to traditional organ transplantation.