Mycoplasma genitalium in cervicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease among women at a gynecologic outpatient service.

Objective: We sought to analyze the prevalence and clinical manifestations of Mycoplasma genitalium infection in a heterogeneous population of women.

Study Design: The study was designed as a cross-sectional case-control study. Women attending a gynecological outpatient service from 2003 through 2008 were invited to participate.

The association between Mycoplasma genitalium and pelvic inflammatory disease after termination of pregnancy.

The prevalence and complications of Mycoplasma genitalium and Chlamydia trachomatis infections among women undergoing termination of pregnancy were studied in this nested case-control study at Malmo University Hospital, Sweden, during 2003 to 2007. The study comprised 2079 women presenting for termination of pregnancy. Forty-nine women with M.

Clinical manifestations and epidemiology of the new genetic variant of Chlamydia trachomatis.

Background: In 2006, a new genetic variant of Chlamydia trachomatis (nvCT) was discovered in Sweden. Clinical manifestations of this infection were studied in a high-risk population.

Methods: During 2007, a prospective case-control study on sexual lifestyle and urogenital infections was performed at the Centre for Sexual Health (CSH), affiliated to Malmo University Hospital.

Deoxyribonucleic acid of Chlamydia trachomatis in fresh tissue from the Fallopian tubes of patients with ectopic pregnancy.

Objectives: The role of persistent chlamydial infection of the Fallopian tubes in ectopic pregnancy is still unresolved. Therefore, we examined tissue of the Fallopian tubes from patients with ectopic pregnancy for the presence of Chlamydia trachomatis. In addition, other markers of C.

Short term complications of the tension free vaginal tape operation for stress urinary incontinence in women.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of intra- and post-operative complications with the tension free vaginal tape operation for female urinary incontinence.

Design: Non-control case series.

Setting: University Hospital.

The frequency of salpingitis and ectopic pregnancy as epidemiologic markers of Chlamydia trachomatis.

Background: To study the incidence of non-gonococcal salpingitis, gonococcal salpingitis and ectopic pregnancy in a defined population over a 28-year period on the assumption that the frequency of salpingitis and ectopic pregnancy may indirectly illustrate the epidemiological pattern of Chlamydia trachomatis.

Design: A retrospective epidemiological study.

Setting: University hospital with an urban catchment area.

Antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis heat shock proteins in women with tubal factor infertility are associated with prior infection by C. trachomatis but not by C. pneumoniae.

The antibody response to heat shock proteins 60 and 10 were studied in 163 patients with tubal factor infertility and in 163 age-matched pregnant women. The associations of these antibodies with specific antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis and to Chlamydia pneumoniae as well as with antibodies to the common chlamydial lipopolysaccharide antigen were studied. Patients with tubal factor infertility had significantly higher frequencies and titres of all antibodies except to C.

Chlamydial antibodies in women who suffer miscarriage.

Objective: To ascertain the relation between previous chlamydial infection and miscarriage.

Design: A prospective study of 349 women who had a miscarriage.

Participants: Women surgically treated for spontaneous pregnancy loss on an outpatient basis at a hospital.

Efficacy and safety of azithromycin versus lymecyline in the treatment of genital chlamydial infections in women.

To compare the clinical and microbiological efficacy of azithromycin in curing chlamydial infections in women with that of lymecycline, and with a view of the possibility of minimizing the problem of compliance by means of single-dose administration, 146 women with culture-positive Chlamydia trachomatis infections were randomly assigned to treatment with a 1 g bolus dose of azithromycin or a 10-day course of lymecycline 300 mg twice daily. Clinical and microbiological evaluations were performed and adverse effects monitored at check-ups after 15-35 and 40-65 days. Of the 146 patients enrolled in the study, 120 were evaluable.

Lack of evidence of a relationship between genital symptoms, cervicitis and salpingitis and different serovars of Chlamydia trachomatis.

Isolates of Chlamydia trachomatis from 424 women were serotyped, and signs and symptoms related to the infecting serovar. Symptoms suggesting genital chlamydial infection were present in 37% of the women, while 15% had clinical findings consistent with lower genital tract infection or ascending infection. Cervicitis, adnexal tenderness and salpingitis were not associated with any specific serovar.

Semen quality of smoking and non-smoking men in infertile couples in a Swedish population.

A study of semen quality, using conventional semen analysis, was undertaken. 186 male smokers were compared with 164 non-smoking men undergoing infertility investigation. The cigarette smokers were subdivided into three groups according to the number of cigarettes they smoked: less than 10 (n = 27), 10-19 (n = 84) and greater than 19 cigarettes per day (n = 75).

Chlamydial antibodies and deoxyribonucleic acid in patients with ectopic pregnancy.

Objective: To evaluate the importance of previous and persisting chlamydial infection for ectopic pregnancy (EP).

Design: A prospective study of women with EP.

Setting: Hospitalized patients.

Treatment of candidal vaginitis. A prospective randomized investigator-blind multicenter study comparing topically applied econazole with oral fluconazole.

Two hundred and thirty-five women with clinically and microbiologically proven candidal vaginitis were randomly allocated for treatment with either one topically applied vaginal tablet of 150 mg econazole (114 women) or one orally administered capsule of 150 mg fluconazole (121 women). The women returned for follow-up visits 7-10, 28-35, and 80-100 days after the recruitment visit. Women with clinical and/or mycological failures and/or a recurrence were successively excluded from the follow-up.

Dose previous Chlamydia trachomatis infection influence the pregnancy rate of in vitro fertilization and embryo replacement?

The association between previous chlamydial infection, as reflected by the presence of chlamydial antibodies (specific serum immunoglobulin G antibodies with a titer greater than or equal to 32) and pregnancy outcome after in vitro fertilization and embryo replacement was studied in 121 infertile women with tubal damage. The antibody prevalence was 74.4%; the overall pregnancy rate was 26.

Serovars of Chlamydia trachomatis causing postabortion salpingitis.

In a previously reported investigation, 69 women with genital chlamydial infection following legal abortion were studied prospectively. Ten cases of postabortion salpingitis and 16 cases of endometritis were identified. To ascertain whether some serovars of Chlamydia trachomatis are particularly likely to initiate an infection in the fallopian tubes and cause salpingitis, the chlamydial isolates from the patients with salpingitis and those isolates from cases free of infectious complications were serotyped using a panel of monoclonal antibodies.

Immune response to genital chlamydial infection and influence of Chlamydia pneumoniae (TWAR) antibodies.

Chlamydial IgG antibodies at a titre of at least 32 were found to occur at approximately the same frequency (76-88%) in three groups of patients who had been treated for genital chlamydial infection. Twenty-four patients who had recovered from acute salpingitis, however, had a higher geometric mean titre (GMT; 176) than 59 pregnant women (GMT 44) or 61 patients with uncomplicated genital chlamydial infection (GMT 57). The chlamydial antibody titres thus seemed to reflect the severity of inflammatory involvement.

Postabortal infectious morbidity after antibiotic treatment of chlamydia-positive patients.

The postabortal infection rate in chlamydia-positive women after antibiotic treatment (doxycycline or erythromycin) was compared with infectious morbidity among untreated culture-positive women in a comparable previous study. Of 69 chlamydia-positive patients, 5 (7.2%) developed endometritis and one (1.

Tubal infertility and silent chlamydial salpingitis.

Antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis (serum IgG antibodies with a titre of at least 32) were detected in 141 (86.0%) of 164 infertile women with tubal infertility (TF group) and in 20 (28.6%) in 70 infertile women with normal tubes (NTF group).

A comparison between the hamster egg penetration test and the seminal parameters in men of infertile couples.

The zona-free hamster egg penetration test was performed on 74 random consecutive semen samples from men of infertile couples and on 7 men of proven fertility (semen donors). Of these 74 men, 31 had never before delivered a semen sample (Group I), while the remaining 43 had delivered samples before (Group II). The penetration rates were correlated with the parameters of the semen analysis.

Postabortal Chlamydia trachomatis salpingitis: correlating risk with antigen-specific serological responses and with neutralization.

Serum antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis were studied by microimmunofluorescence (micro-IF) testing and by immunoblotting among 52 women with C. trachomatis cervical infection. All women underwent therapeutic abortion, and 10 (19.

Postabortal pelvic infection associated with Chlamydia trachomatis and the influence of humoral immunity.

Among 1101 women undergoing legal abortion by vacuum aspiration within 14 weeks of gestation, 69 (6.3%) harboured Chlamydia trachomatis in the cervix and/or urethra. Of the chlamydia-positive women, 16 (23.

Depressed semen quality: a study over two decades.

One hundred-eighty-five consecutive spermiograms from men of infertile couples in 1980-1981 were compared with as many spermiograms of age-matched controls from 1960-1961. The semen parameters analyzed were: volume, sperm density, and sperm morphology. The following significant changes were noted over the time period: the mean seminal volume decreased from 3.

Variation of semen parameters in fertile men.

The spermiograms of 63 fertile men (whose female partners were pregnant at the time of examination) were evaluated. A wide Gaussian distribution of the different semen parameters was found. Both parametric and nonparametric statistical tests were applied and gave almost identical results.

Epidemiologic and serodiagnostic aspects of chlamydial salpingitis.

Cultural, serologic, and epidemiologic aspects of Chlamydia trachomatis in acute salpingitis were assessed. Of 111 patients, 52 (47%) harbored C trachomatis in the cervix urethra, or both. Neisseria gonorrhoeae was isolated in 41 patients of 209 (20%).

Risk of pelvic inflammatory disease among users of intrauterine devices, irrespective of previous pregnancy.

The use of an intrauterine device (IUD) in 690 patients hospitalized for acute salpingitis (pelvic inflammatory disease) was compared with IUD use in a sexually active age-matched control group. Two hundred and twenty (31.9%) of the patients and 114 (16.