Deeply Saddening Life Events Play a Carcinogenic Role by Inducing Mutations in and Genes.

Background/objectives: In the past few decades, many studies have been conducted to find out that psychological stress and cancer are closely linked. Moreover, it was reported that stress can induce mutations in gene level. Therefore, in this study we want to examine a relationship between stressful life events, gene mutation and cancer.

Relationship of Apathy with Depressive Symptom Severity and Cognitive Functions in Geriatric Depression.

Introduction: Apathy which is known as loss of primary motivation is observed more frequently in elderly depression in comparison with younger adults. It is put forth that apathy is related with depressive symptom severity and cognitive functions, that the existence of apathy may be a predictor of neurocognitive impairment. The objective of this study was to examine the apathy levels in elderly patients with major depression as well as the relationship between depressive symptom severity and cognitive functions.

[Adaptation and Reliability of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5-Disorders - Clinician Version (SCID-5/CV) to the Turkish Language].

In this study, we aimed to adapt the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5-ClinicianVersion into Turkish and to demonstrate its reliability.  METHOD: A total of 185 patients, both inpatient and outpatient, from two different university hospitals were included. Training sessions on the features and use of SCID-5/CV were held before the data collection.

[Is Clinical Insight Associated with Working Memory Components in Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder?].

Previous studies suggest that the level of clinical insight in schizophrenia patients is related to working memory functions. However, these studies were not specifically concerned with the components of working memory and had not focused in detail on working memory functions. For this reason, the current study investigated the relationship between clinical insight and working memory components in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder.

Metacognitive Beliefs and Their Relation with Symptoms in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.

Introduction: Metacognitive constructs have shown promise in explaining the symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Few studies have examined the role of metacognitions in symptom dimensions of OCD, despite mounting clinical, neuropsychological and imaging evidence for the distinctiveness of these dimensions.

Methods: Metacognitions were assessed using the Metacognitions Questionnaire (MCQ-30) in 51 participants with DSM IV OCD and 46 healthy controls.

An evaluation of the differences in DNA damage in lymphocytes and repair efficiencies in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder.

Schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder are chronic and debilitating psychiatric disorders. The present study was designed to determine DNA damage in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder to assess the roles of oxidative metabolism and DNA repair mechanisms in this process, to assess the contribution of drugs, and thus to demonstrate the differences between schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Thirty schizophrenia and 30 schizoaffective disorder patients, each having at least five years of disease history, aged between 18 and 60 years with no physical or neurological diseases, and 30 healthy volunteers participated in the study.

Psychological Symptoms in Obesity and Related Factors.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between levels of depression and anxiety symptoms and quality of life, self-esteem in obesity.

Methods: Fifty-two subjects whose Body Mass Index (BMI) is 30 kg/m and over and 43 control whose BMI is normal were recruited for this study. The socio demographic data form, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D17), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), Quality of Life Scale Short Form (WHOQOL-Brief-TR), Coopersmith Self Esteem Scale (CSES), The Eating Attitudes (EAT), were applied to the participants.

[Psychiatric evaluation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome].

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) might cause neuropsychiatric problems as well as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications. Daily life of the patients are effected and their quality of life decreases. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate anxiety and depression and to test their ability to cope with strees in patients with OSAS.

Involuntary social cue integration in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder.

Objective: Patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) have inferior social functioning compared to healthy controls, but the exact nature of these social deficits, and the underpinning mechanisms, are unknown. We sought to investigate social functioning in patients with OCD by measuring their involuntary/spontaneous processing of social cues using a specifically designed test, which might reveal deficits in these patients that explicit voluntary tasks do not detect.

Methods: The sample of the study consisted of an OCD group (n = 25) and a control group (n = 26).

Situation awareness in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Past studies have suggested that OCD patients suffer memory impairment on tasks using complex stimuli that require memory for combined elements to be maintained, but not for more simplistic memory tests. We tested this with 42 OCD patients and 42 healthy controls performed a computerized situation awareness task. In addition, participants completed the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) and Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI).

Neurochemical metabolites in the medial prefrontal cortex in bipolar disorder: A proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study.

The aim of this study was to investigate proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy metabolite values in the medial prefrontal cortex of individuals with euthymic bipolar disorder. The subjects consisted of 15 patients with euthymic bipolar disorder type I and 15 healthy controls. We performed proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the bilateral medial prefrontal cortex and measured levels of N-acetyl aspartate, choline and creatine.

The comparison of pre- and post-treatment (99m)Tc HMPAO brain SPECT images in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

The objective of the present study was to compare brain activation in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) who received pharmacotherapy (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) or a SSRI-risperidone combination) with that in healthy controls using (99m)Tc-hexamethyl propyleneamine oxime (HMPAO) brain single photon emission tomography (SPECT). Twelve OCD patients achieving clinical response (seven SSRI responders, five patients responded to SSRI plus risperidone) underwent post-treatment SPECT scan. The baseline regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was significantly reduced in a large part of the cerebral cortex and the left cingulate gyrus in OCD patients compared with controls.

A proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study in schizoaffective disorder: comparison of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.

The aim of this study was to compare schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia based on (1)H-MRS metabolite values in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and executive functions. The subjects comprised 15 patients with bipolar disorder type I (BD), 15 with schizophrenia (SCH), 15 with schizoaffective disorder (SAD) and 15 healthy controls. We performed proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) bilaterally.

Schizophrenia with obsessive-compulsive disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder with poor insight: a neuropsychological comparison.

Schizophrenia patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may be a subgroup of schizophrenia, and OCD patients with poor insight may show psychotic-like symptoms. The aim of this work is to compare the neuropsychological performance of those patients with schizophrenic patients who do not have OCD symptoms and with OCD patients who have good insight. The sample consisted of 89 patients (16 OCD-schizophrenic patients, 30 non-OCD schizophrenic patients, 30 OCD patients with good insight, 13 OCD patients with poor insight).

Changes in regional cerebral blood flow demonstrated by 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT in euthymic bipolar patients.

Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with 99mTc-HMPAO was used to compare regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in patients with bipolar disorder and in healthy controls. The sample of this study consisted of 16 euthymic bipolar patients who met the DSM-IV criteria and 10 healthy control subjects. The mean regional cerebral blood flow values of the bipolar euthymic patients were significantly lower than those of the controls in the bilateral medial-basal temporal, occipital; medial frontal; parietal regions and in the cingulate gyrus; the hypoperfusion in the cingulate had the highest significant P value (.

Cognitive functions in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder.

Background: Recent studies have focused on the nature of cognitive dysfunction in bipolar patients. The purpose of the current study was to investigate cognitive performance of individuals with bipolar disorder compared to healthy control subjects during a well-established euthymic period.

Methods: The sample consisted of 27 bipolar euthymic patients and 21 control subjects.

Does corticosteroid usage in rhinoplasty cause mood changes?

In this study, the psychological effects of single-dose corticosteroids administered to patients who had undergone rhinoplasty were assessed. A total of 30 rhinoplasty patients were included in the study and were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups. Preoperatively, patients completed the Bech Rafaelsen Mania Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory.

The role of RELN in lissencephaly and neuropsychiatric disease.

Reelin is an extracellular matrix-associated protein important in the regulation of neuronal migration during cerebral cortical development. Point mutations in the RELN gene have been shown to cause an autosomal recessive human brain malformation termed lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia (LCH). Recent work has raised the possibility that reelin may also play a pathogenic role in other neuropsychiatric disorders.

OCD symptoms in a sample of Turkish patients: a phenomenological picture.

This study aimed to investigate the clinical features of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and the possible association between obsessive-compulsive symptoms and culture-related characteristics in a sample of Turkish patients with OCD. We studied 141 patients with OCD (according to DSM-IV criteria) consecutively admitted to our outpatient clinic during the period from February 1998 to December 2003. We used the Turkish version of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID) to interview all patients, and the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) to assess obsessive-compulsive symptoms and severity.

[The elderly, nursing homes and life voyages: a psychodrama group study].

Objective: To investigate the applicability of psychodrama orientated group work among the elderly living in nursing homes, and effect of this group work on coping with psychological and behavioral problems.

Method: Eleven male volunteers were chosen for the group. None of them had any negative features on communicating with others or had somatic or serious psychological problems.

Memory function in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder and the problem of confidence in their memories: a clinical study.

Aim: To examine obsessive-compulsive patients for memory of obsessive-compulsive relevant material and confidence in their memory.

Methods: Memory function was examined by a recognition task using neutral and obsessive-compulsive relevant sentences in 32 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and 31 control subjects. We also investigated the participants' confidence in the accuracy of their recognition.

Depressive symptomatology among university students in Denizli, Turkey: prevalence and sociodemographic correlates.

Aim: To determine overall and subgroup prevalence of depressive symptomatology among university students in Denizli, Turkey during the 1999-2000 academic year, and to investigate whether sociodemographic factors were associated with depressive symptoms in university students.

Methods: A stratified probability sample of 504 Turkish university students (296 male, 208 female) was used in a cross-sectional study. Data were obtained by self-administered questionnaire, including questions on sociodemographic characteristics and problem areas.