Her2/EGFR-PDGFR pathway aberrations associated with tamoxifen response in metastatic breast cancer patients.

Background: Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is a major health problem worldwide. Some patients improve on tamoxifen and others do not respond to treatment. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to assess genetic aberrations in the Her2/EGFR-PDGFR pathway associated with tamoxifen response in MBC patients.

The Role of CYP2D6 Polymorphisms in Determining Response to Tamoxifen in Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients: Review and Egyptian Experience.

Background: Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) represents a major health problem in Egypt and worldwide. Prognostic and predictive factors for patients with MBC are highly required for better management and improved survival. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic and predictive value(s) of CYP2D6 polymorphisms in Tamoxifen responders and non-responders.

Relation between GSTP1 polymorphism and oxidative stress in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Glutathione can reduce the oxidative stress by converting the unstable to stable molecules and its status in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is correlated with tumor growth and metastasis. Glutathione S-transferase Pi (GSTP1) is reported to detoxify the xenobiotic substrates by catalyzing their conjugation to reduced glutathione (GSH) and its over-expression was demonstrated in the early stages of HCC, while loss of GSTP1 has been suggested to increase the risk of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage and mutation. The aim of this study is to assess the relationship of GSTP1 polymorphism Ile105Val (rs1695 A > G) with HCC risk, and to investigate the oxidative stress status of HCC patients by measuring the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) levels.

Targeted next generation sequencing identifies somatic mutations in a cohort of Egyptian breast cancer patients.

Breast cancer (BC) incidence is progressively increasing in Egypt. However, there is insufficient knowledge of the acquired somatic mutations in Egyptian BC patients which limit our understanding of its progression. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first Egyptian cohort to sequence a multiple-gene panel of cancer related genes on BC patients.

Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy as a Treatment for Epithelial Ovarian Cancer.

Treatment by cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and intraoperative hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has been an option for selected patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis. This study aims to evaluate the impact of HIPEC in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). A retrospective observational cohort study including 48 EOC patients treated and followed up between 2012 and 2016.

Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy Versus Systemic Chemotherapy in Recurrent Platinum-Sensitive Ovarian Cancer NCI Case Control Study.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in recurrent platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer patients in comparison with standard intravenous chemotherapy in terms of progression free survival and overall survival. Methods: Retrospective case control study matching 15 cases with 20 controls with at least 24 months of follow up. Results: The two groups were comparable and well matched in all aspects.

Combined cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy as a treatment for recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer-National Cancer Institute experience.

Background: Complete cytoreduction has been associated with survival benefit in the treatment of recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). In this study, the aim is to investigate the role of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in the treatment of recurrent EOC.

Patients And Methods: This is a descriptive (case series) study including 9 patients with recurrent EOC treated by CRS and HIPEC.

Pelvic exenteration and composite sacral resection in the surgical treatment of locally recurrent rectal cancer.

Background: The incidence of rectal cancer recurrence after surgery is 5-45%. Extended pelvic resection which entails En-bloc resection of the tumor and adjacent involved organs provides the only true possible curative option for patients with locally recurrent rectal cancer.

Aim: To evaluate the surgical and oncological outcome of such treatment.

Primary chemotherapy with low-dose prolonged infusion gemcitabine and cisplatin in patients with bladder cancer: a Phase II trial.

Background: Gemcitabine is an active agent in the treatment of bladder cancer. The enzyme deoxycytidine kinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of gemcitabine into the active gemcitabine triphosphate. After an infusion during 30 minutes, this enzyme will be saturated, therefore, accumulation of higher intracellular concentrations of the active gemcitabine triphosphate could be achieved by prolonging the infusion time of gemcitabine.

Gemcitabine plus doxorubicin as first-line treatment in advanced or metastatic breast cancer (MBC), a phase II study.

Introduction: Doxorubicin and Gemcitabine have promising antineoplastic activity and manageable toxicity as a single agent in the treatment of patients (pts) with advanced breast cancer.

Aim Of The Study: This study evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of the combination of gemcitabine plus doxorubicin as first-line treatment of advanced or MBC patients.

Patients And Methods: Patients with advanced or MBC received gemcitabine 1250mg/m2 IV on days 1 and 8 plus doxorubicin 60mg/m2 IV on day 1 every 21 days for a maximum of 6 cycles.

Gemcitabine and cisplatin in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: National Cancer Institute Cairo experience.

Aim Of The Work: The aim of the present study is to document the antitumor activity of the combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin for the treatment of advanced NSCLC, asses the nature and severity of the side effects and elicit the impact of the combination chemotherapy on progression free survival and overall survival.

Patients And Methods: From August 1997 to August 2001, we conducted a phase II study of gemcitabine and cisplatin in 60 chemonaive patients (21 stage IIIB and 39 stage IV). For the first 34 cases, gemcitabine was given at a dose of 1,000 mg/m2 IV on days 1, 8 and 15 with cisplatin 100 mg/m2 on day 15, every 28 days.

The potential palliative role and possible immune modulatory effects of low-dose total body irradiation in relapsed or chemo-resistant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

In a group of 35 patients with relapsed and/or chemo-resistant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), low-dose total body irradiation (LTBI) (+involved-field radiotherapy to bulky sites) achieved a complete remission rate of 29%, 2-years progression-free survival of 32% and a median progression-free survival of 12 months. The 2-year survival was 42% and the median survival was 17 months. Immuno-staining and flow cytometry of peripheral blood in 14 patients showed that LTBI leads to a significant increase in the percentage of CD4+ cells with a consequent significant increase in the CD4+/CD8+ ratio.