[The chondrotoxic and apoptotic effects of levobupivacaine and bupivacaine on the rabbit knee joint].

Background: A single dose injection or continuous infusion of local anesthetics into the joint space is considered to be a well-defined analgesia technique. The aim of this study was to investigate the chondrotoxic and apoptotic effects of single-dose intra-articular injection of levobupivacaine and bupivacaine on rabbit knee joint tissues.

Materials And Methods: The animals were allocated into two groups each containing 20 rabbits.

Left ventricular systolic asynchrony: an important sign for cardiac involvement in plaque-type psoriasis.

Psoriasis is associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between Left Ventricular (LV) asynchrony and psoriasis. Asynchrony was assessed in 31 patients with psoriasis without evidence of CVD and 25 healthy subjects.