Elevated plasma concentrations of S100 calcium-binding protein B and tumor necrosis factor alpha in children with autism spectrum disorders.

Objective:: To investigate plasma concentrations of S100B (a calcium-binding protein derived primarily from the glia) and inflammatory cytokines in children with autism and the relationship between S100B and cytokine concentrations.

Methods:: Plasma levels of S100B, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferon gamma, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17A were measured in 40 unmedicated children with autism and 35 normally developing healthy children. The severity of autism was assessed using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS).

Assessment of sleep problems and related risk factors observed in Turkish children with Autism spectrum disorders.

Sleep problems are common and difficult to manage in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Another major adverse impact of sleep problems is that they exacerbate behavioral problems. To assess sleep problems and possible behavioral risk factors in detail, we aimed to compare sleep habits of children with ASD, with healthy children.

Immune system changes after sexual abuse in adolescents.

Background: The immunological changes in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis have been found to be similar to the immunological changes in adults with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The biological consequences of and immunological disruptions associated with psychological trauma in sexually abused adolescents were investigated in this study.

Methods: Number of peripheral blood cells, intracellular cytokine level and cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells were measured on routine blood examination samples in adolescents aged 13-18 referred to the outpatient unit for forensic evaluation.

An examination of the symptoms of anxiety and parental attitude in children with hemophilia.

Background/aim: Hemophilia is an inherited disease with serious repercussions. Psychiatric symptoms are frequently seen in children and adolescents with hemophilia. The aim of this study was to assess symptoms of anxiety in children with hemophilia and parental attitude towards children with hemophilia.

Early induction of ADAMTS 1, -4, -5 and -9 in IL-stimulated mouse astrocytes.

Aim: Astrocytes and extracellular matrix molecules have important roles in regulating synaptic functions between neurons in the central nervous system. However, under pathological conditions, these constituents are activated to form glial scar that is thought to be harmful for neuronal regeneration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression pattern of ADAMTS1, -4, -5 and -9 in IL-1 stimulated astrocyte cultures obtained from postnatal day zero mouse brains.

Clinical, psychological and maternal characteristics in early functional constipation.

Background: This cross-sectional study investigated the clinical features of functional constipation (FC) at preschool age, as well as emotional and behavioral characteristics of the children, psychological symptom level and parental attitudes of the mothers, and compared these with that of non-referred typically developing controls with normal intestinal habits.

Methods: Participants included 65 children with FC (mean age, 43.6 ± 15.

Long Acting Risperidone in an Adolescent with Conduct Disorder: A Case Report.

Adolescent conduct disorder (CD) is generally hard to manage clinically, as this population often refuses to take oral medications. Families and acquaintances of these adolescents usually suffer from extreme psychological, financial and social difficulties. Oral antipsychotics are the primary drugs of choice clinically, after behavioral treatments.

Atomoxetine Induced Hypothermia: A Case Report.

Adverse drug reactions are common in drugs used during childhood and adolescence. Atomoxetine, a selective reuptake inhibitor, was introduced as a safe non-stimulant alternative treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Described common side effects of atomoxetine include: headache, abdominal pain, decreased appetite, fatigue, nausea, vomiting and dizziness.

A prospective observational study of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Central and Eastern Europe and Turkey: Symptom severity and treatment options in a paediatric population.

Abstract Objective. This study investigates the relationship between treatment regimen, symptom severity, comorbidities and health outcomes of paediatric patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Methods.

Group A beta hemolytic streptococcal infections and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in a Turkish pediatric population.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate obsessive-compulsive disease (OCD) in Turkish Children who had group A beta hemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) infections and those who had not. Thirty-one children and adolescents (the study group) were compared with 28 children and adolescents. The Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) scores were rated between study group and control group.

[Parental attitudes at the beginning of child's stuttering].

Objectives: Stuttering is a communication disorder that frequently starts at the age of three or four years. Its appearance and progression may impose psychological effects on children and their families. We evaluated parental attitudes in the initial period of stuttering.

Anxiety and extraction of third molars in Turkish patients.

Preoperative anxiety is widespread and adversely affects a patient's physical and psychological outcome. Extraction of third molars is common, and many patients complain of anxiety and emotional disturbance. We assessed the anxiety of patients in Turkey before extraction of third molars.

Short-term efficacy and safety of risperidone in young children with autistic disorder (AD).

Recently, atypical antipsychotic treatments have been used in children with autistic disorder (AD). However, data on safety and efficacy of atypical antipsychotic agents in autistic children are limited. In this open, prospective trial, subjects were treated with risperidone for six weeks.

Venlafaxine in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

The primary purpose of this study was to describe tolerability and efficacy of venlafaxine in the treatment of children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A 6-week open trial of venlafaxine was conducted in 13 children and adolescents (mean age 9.9 +/- 2.

Quetiapine treatment of children and adolescents with Tourette's disorder.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term safety and effectiveness of quetiapine in the treatment of children and adolescents with Tourette's disorder.

Methods: This was an 8-week, open-label trial that included 12 subjects with a mean age of 11.4 +/- 2.

Citalopram treatment of children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder: a preliminary report.

The purpose of the present study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of citalopram in the acute treatment of children and adolescents with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) during an 8-week, open-label study. Fifteen patients (six female, nine male) with a mean age of 12.1 +/- 3.

The psychological effects of forced emigration on Muslim Albanian children and adolescents.

Objectives: The object of this study was to investigate the psychological effects of forced emigration on Muslim Albanian children and adolescents who were forced to emigrate due to the war in Kosova.

Method: The sample of the study consisted of 150 children between the ages 9-12 and 100 adolescents between the ages 15-19 living in the Gaziosmanpaşa Refugee Shelter in Turkey, and as a control group, 66 children and 52 adolescents; making a total of 368 subjects were included in the study. We applied State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) as well as a semi-structured open-ended questionnaire investigating the socio-demographic characteristics and psychiatric symptoms of the study and control groups.