Cardioprotective Action of the JNK Inhibitor Tryptanthrin Oxime in the Late Period after Myocardial Infarction.

In experiments on Wistar rats, the effect of a new selective JNK inhibitor tryptanthrin oxime (TR-Ox) on parameters of systemic hemodynamics, cardiohemodynamics, and post-infarction fibrosis was studied 4 months after acute myocardial ischemia (1 h) followed by reperfusion. TR-Ox was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 12 mg/kg 20 min before reperfusion, and then once a day for the next 4 days. Administration of TR-Ox to animals in the acute phase of myocardial infarction contributed to more complete preservation of myocardial viability in the delayed period: a relative increase of muscle elements proportion in the scar, a decrease in the formation of connective tissue areas with complete and >50% replacement of the myocardium, and deceleration of fibrotic scarring in myocardium areas distant from the focus of injury, resulting in improved systolic and diastolic myocardial function.

Comparative Evaluation of Neuroprotective Activity of Tryptanthrin and Its Oxime in Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats.

The neuroprotective activity of tryptanthrin and its oxime was compared in male Wistar rats with a model of intraluminal occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. Neurobehavioral tests were performed 4, 24, and 48 h after focal cerebral infarction (FCI) using a modified neurological severity score (mNSS); additionally, the horizontal stability test, the plantar sensitivity test of the fore and hind limbs, holding on the tilted cage top test, and negative geotaxis test were performed. The size of FCI and the severity of brain tissue swelling were examined on day 2 after occlusion.

Iron(III) Monoglycerolate as a New Biocompatible Precursor in the Synthesis of Bioactive Nanocomposite Glycerohydrogels.

Background: Nanocomposite glycerohydrogels based on biocompatible elementcontaining glycerolates are of practicular interest for biomedical applications.

Objective: Using two biocompatible precursors, silicon and iron glycerolates, a new bioactive nanocomposite silicon‒iron glycerolates hydrogel was obtained by sol-gel method.

Methods: The composition and structural features of the hydrogel were studied using a complex of modern analytical techniques, including TEM, XRD, and AES.

Interplay between bacterial 5'-NAD-RNA decapping hydrolase NudC and DEAD-box RNA helicase CsdA in stress responses.

Non-canonical 5'-caps removing RNA hydrolase NudC, along with stress-responsive RNA helicase CsdA, is crucial for 5'-NAD-RNA decapping and bacterial movement.

Neuroprotective Effects of Tryptanthrin-6-Oxime in a Rat Model of Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia.

The activation of -Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) plays an important role in stroke outcomes. Tryptanthrin-6-oxime (TRYP-Ox) is reported to have high affinity for JNK and anti-inflammatory activity and may be of interest as a promising neuroprotective agent. The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of TRYP-Ox in a rat model of transient focal cerebral ischemia (FCI), which involved intraluminal occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery (MCA) for 1 h.

Cardioprotective Effects of a Selective c-Jun N-terminal Kinase Inhibitor in a Rat Model of Myocardial Infarction.

Activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) is involved in myocardial injury, left ventricular remodeling (LV), and heart failure (HF) after myocardial infarction (MI). The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of a selective JNK inhibitor, 11-indeno [1,2-]quinoxalin-11-one oxime (IQ-1), on myocardial injury and acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in adult male Wistar rats. Intraperitoneal administration of IQ-1 (25 mg/kg daily for 5 days) resulted in a significant decrease in myocardial infarct size on day 5 after MI.

Neuroprotective Effects of the Lithium Salt of a Novel JNK Inhibitor in an Animal Model of Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion.

The c-Jun -terminal kinases (JNKs) regulate many physiological processes, including inflammatory responses, morphogenesis, cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and cell death. Therefore, JNKs represent attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. In an effort to develop improved JNK inhibitors, we synthesized the lithium salt of 11-indeno[1,2-]quinoxaline-11-one oxime () and evaluated its affinity for JNK and biological activity in vitro and in vivo.

Effect of p-Tyrosol on the Process of Left-Ventricular Remodeling in the Long Period after Myocardial Infarction.

The effect of p-tyrosol on the main hemodynamic parameters and contractile function of the heart was studied and a morphometric assessment of left-ventricular remodeling was performed in Wistar rats 2 months after acute 1-h myocardial ischemia followed by reperfusion. p-Tyrosol in a dose of 20 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally 5 times: 20 min before the start of reperfusion, 4 h after the start of reperfusion, and then once a day over the next 3 days. Administration of p-tyrosol to animals in the acute period of myocardial infarction slowed down the formation of systolic and diastolic myocardial dysfunction, improved the pumping function of the heart, maintained the hemodynamic parameters at a significantly higher level, and reduced left-ventricular remodeling in the late period of myocardial infarction.

The Effect of the Synthesis Method on Physicochemical Properties of Selective Granular Polymer Sorbents.

Investigation of the effect of the polymer synthesis method on physicochemical properties of sorbents is one of the topical problems in the chemistry of macromolecular compounds that has high scientific and practical interest. Determination of the optimal synthesis method will make it possible to create sorbents with physicochemical properties that led to the realization of effective sorption. In this work, we investigated the effect of synthesis methods (Pickering emulsion polymerization and precipitation polymerization in solution) of granular polymers based on 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate on physicochemical and sorption properties.

Methyltransferase-directed orthogonal tagging and sequencing of miRNAs and bacterial small RNAs.

Background: Targeted installation of designer chemical moieties on biopolymers provides an orthogonal means for their visualisation, manipulation and sequence analysis. Although high-throughput RNA sequencing is a widely used method for transcriptome analysis, certain steps, such as 3' adapter ligation in strand-specific RNA sequencing, remain challenging due to structure- and sequence-related biases introduced by RNA ligases, leading to misrepresentation of particular RNA species. Here, we remedy this limitation by adapting two RNA 2'-O-methyltransferases from the Hen1 family for orthogonal chemo-enzymatic click tethering of a 3' sequencing adapter that supports cDNA production by reverse transcription of the tagged RNA.

Neuroprotective Effects of a Novel Inhibitor of c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase in the Rat Model of Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia.

A novel specific inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase, 11-indeno[1,2-]quinoxalin-11-one oxime sodium salt (IQ-1S), has a high affinity to JNK3 compared to JNK1/JNK2. The aim of this work was to study the mechanisms of neuroprotective activity of IQ-1S in the models of reversible focal cerebral ischemia (FCI) in Wistar rats. The animals were administered with an intraperitoneal injection of IQ-1S (5 and 25 mg/kg) or citicoline (500 mg/kg).

2,6-Diisobornyl-4-Methylphenol Reduces Postishemic Myocardium Remodeling in Delayed Period after Ischemia/Reperfusion in Rats.

2,6-Diisobornyl-4-methylphenol (Dibornol, 10 mg/kg intragastrically daily for 5 days after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion) 1.5-fold increased rat survival during the acute post-infarction period in comparison with the control group. In survivors, Dibornol reliably prevented post-ischemic progression of heart failure in the delayed post-infarction period (30 days after ischemia/reperfusion), which was seen from an increase in the left-ventricular developed pressure by 22%, left-ventricular contractility index by 19%, and +dP/dt by 34%.

Clinical and laboratory parameters and morphological characteristics of the endometrium in women with impaired fat metabolism and failed IVF attempts.

To study clinical and laboratory parameters and morphological characteristics of the endometrium in women with impaired fat metabolism and failed IVF attempts. Clinical examination, laboratory tests, morphological analysis, and immunohistochemistry of the endometrium were conducted in 76 patients with different BMI, followed up with infertility and failed IVF attempts. Patients were divided into four groups by body mass index (BMI): 1 group - 17 women with overweight, BMI = 25.

Protective Effects of a New C-Jun N-terminal Kinase Inhibitor in the Model of Global Cerebral Ischemia in Rats.

c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) is activated by various brain insults and is implicated in neuronal injury triggered by reperfusion-induced oxidative stress. Some JNK inhibitors demonstrated neuroprotective potential in various models, including cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. The objective of the present work was to study the neuroprotective activity of a new specific JNK inhibitor, IQ-1S (11-indeno[1,2-]quinoxalin-11-one oxime sodium salt), in the model of global cerebral ischemia (GCI) in rats compared with citicoline (cytidine-5'-diphosphocholine), a drug approved for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke and to search for pleiotropic mechanisms of neuroprotective effects of IQ-1S.

Change of plasmalogen content of red blood cells in myocardial hypoxia and acidosis.

Background: The contribution of hypoxic conditions to the chemical composition of membranes is not completely established. Plasmalogens, containing an alkenyl group with aldehydogenic ether linkage, are significant components of membrane lipids and their level can change in oxygen deficiency.

Methods: Analysis of plasmalogens in red blood cells was performed in patients (n = 17) with coronary heart disease, stable angina (functional class II-III) and coronary atherosclerosis.

An improved three-vessel occlusion model of global cerebral ischemia in rats.

We developed an improved three-vessel occlusion model of global cerebral ischemia in rats. This method consists in cessation of cerebral blood flow by accessing a. carotis communis sinistra through the ventral surface of the neck as well as tr.

Oligonucleotide-Addressed Covalent 3'-Terminal Derivatization of Small RNA Strands for Enrichment and Visualization.

The HEN1 RNA 2'-O-methyltransferase plays important roles in the biogenesis of small non-coding RNAs in plants and proved a valuable tool for selective transfer of functional groups from cofactor analogues onto miRNA and siRNA duplexes in vitro. Herein, we demonstrate the versatile HEN1-mediated methylation and alkylation of small RNA strands in heteroduplexes with a range of complementary synthetic DNA oligonucleotides carrying user-defined moieties such as internal or 3'-terminal extensions or chemical reporter groups. The observed DNA-guided covalent functionalization of RNA broadens our understanding of the substrate specificity of HEN1 and paves the way for the development of novel chemo-enzymatic tools with potential applications in miRNomics, synthetic biology, and nanomedicine.

Neuroprotective effects of p-tyrosol after the global cerebral ischemia in rats.

Background: Salidroside is a biologically active compound derived from Rhodiola rosea L. Studies showed that salidroside after i.v.

Evaluation of survival and neurological deficit in rats in the new model of global transient cerebral ischemia.

We propose a modification to rat model of transient global cerebral ischemia with four-vessel occlusion avoiding pneumothorax and minimizing the consequences of surgery. Survival and neurological deficit in rats in this model was studied over 5 days.

Selective covalent labeling of miRNA and siRNA duplexes using HEN1 methyltransferase.

MicroRNAs regulate gene expression in numerous biological pathways and are typically methylated at their 3'-termini in plants but not in animals. Here we show that the HEN1 RNA 2'-O-methyltransferase from Arabidopsis thaliana catalyzes the transfer of extended propargylic moieties from synthetic AdoMet cofactor analogs to duplex miRNAs or siRNAs. The presented approach permits selective and efficient covalent labeling of small RNA duplexes with a variety of functional or reporter groups for their enrichment and analysis.

Mechanistic insights into small RNA recognition and modification by the HEN1 methyltransferase.

The HEN1 methyltransferase from Arabidopsis thaliana modifies the 3'-terminal nucleotides of small regulatory RNAs. Although it is one of the best characterized members of the 2'-O-methyltransferase family, many aspects of its interactions with the cofactor and substrate RNA remained unresolved. To better understand the substrate interactions and contributions of individual steps during HEN1 catalysis, we studied the binding and methylation kinetics of the enzyme using a series of unmethylated, hemimethylated and doubly methylated miRNA and siRNA substrates.

[The fatty acids and fatty aldehydes of blood as a biochemical of multiple organ failure].

The article presents the results of analysis of fatty acids and fatty aldehydes of plasma and blood erythrocytes in patients with the syndrome of multiple organ failure. The increase of relative level of mono-unsaturated fatty acids and decrease of poly-saturated fatty acids and saturated stearic acid in blood plasma is demonstrated. The reliable alterations in erythrocytes concerning the content of saturated palmitic and poly-saturated linoleic fatty acids are detected.

[Biochemical diagnosis of immobilization osteoporosis].

The authors have ascertained informative laboratory tests for diagnosis of immobilization osteoporosis and prognostic tests of reparative osteogenesis in its presence. A study was conducted in 97 patients (mean age 39.8 +/- 9.

Activation of morphogenesis and proliferation by low specificity chemical effectors.

Activation of highly specific biochemical processes by simple chemical agents is demonstrated for morphogenesis (anlage and development of female gametophyte in cereal) and mitosis (in cell cultures and animal and plant tissues). The effects of these agents are tissue-specific. Structure--activity relationship is analyzed in this group of compounds.