Comparison of fluoroscopy and fluoroscopy-based 2D computer navigation for iliosacral screw placement: a retrospective study.

Purpose: Treatment of pelvic fractures is often complicated. Here, we intended to evaluate the intraoperative benefits of using 2D computer navigation when compared with traditional fluoroscopy on X-ray burden, surgical time and screw placement accuracy.

Methods: In this study, we retrospectively evaluated the records of 25 patients who underwent osteosynthesis of a posterior pelvic fracture using fluoroscopy at the University Hospital Ostrava, Czech Republic between 2011 and 2019, and 32 patients from the same department and period in whom 2D computer navigation was used.

Ultrasound evaluation of long-term outcome in boys operated on due to testicular torsion.

We aimed at verifying the usefulness of spectral Doppler ultrasonography in determining development of the testis after torsion in boys.The study involved 28 patients and 30 control cases divided into 3 developmental groups: pre-pubertal, early pubertal, and pubertal. It presented surgical management in testicular torsion (TT), volume, and echogenicity of testes, as well as peak-systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), and vascular resistance index (RI) in the capsular and intra-testicular arteries, regarding developmental groups, detorsed testes, uninvolved ones, and testes in the control group.

Testicular torsion: its effect on autoimmunisation, pituitary-testis axis and correlation with primary gonadal dysfunction in boys.

Background: Torsion of the testis is an urgent surgical condition that endangers the viability of the gonad and the fertility of the patient. Our aim was to assess potential autoimmune processes and hormonal abnormalities in boys operated on due to that illness.

Methods: The authors evaluated the levels of antibodies against sperm and Leydig cells, concentrations of follicle-stimulating, luteinizing and anti-Müllerian hormone, testosterone, oestradiol and vascular endothelial growth factor in the serum in 28 boys operated on due to torsion of the testis.

Testicular Sonographic Color Doppler Dynamic Tissue Perfusion Measurements in Adolescents with Varicocele.

Aim: The aim of the study was an assessment of the effects of varicocele on testis parenchyma and microcirculation with the use of the dynamic tissue perfusion measurements.

Methods: Color Doppler sonographic dynamic testis parenchyma perfusion measurements were performed with Pixel-Flux software in 30 children with left testis varicocele. The right testes without varicocele comprised the control group.

Prognostic values of shear wave elastography in adolescent boys with varicocele.

Introduction: Shear wave elastography is an ultrasound technique for non-invasive quantification of tissue stiffness. It was used in assessing testis elasticity in some scrotal abnormalities, such as undescended pediatric testes or adult varicocele testes. In this study, its usefulness in adolescent patients with varicocele was examined.

Nuck Canal Hernias, Typical and Unusual Ultrasound Findings.

Background: Inguinal hernia in girls is a very rare condition. The cause of this pathology is incomplete closure of the processus vaginalis of the peritoneum, in girls named the canal of Nuck. Failed obliteration of this canal could result in hernia or hydrocele.

The use of testicular prostheses in boys.

Lack of the testis is an important factor in psycho-sexual development of the boys, and implantation of the prosthesis plays a very essential role in the treatment of that group of patients. Currently there are no standards regarding when prosthesis should be implanted, and which access is connected with minimal rates of complications. We present our experience of primary prosthesis implantations in boys treated in our department.

3D/4D contrast-enhanced urosonography (ceVUS) in children - is it superior to the 2D technique?

Background: By now, two-dimensional contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography (ceVUS) has become a well-established method for the diagnosis and treatment monitoring of vesicoureteral reflux in children, particularly after the recent approval for this application in children in the USA and in Europe. The introduction of three-dimensional static (3D) and real-time (4D) techniques with ultrasound contrast agents opens up new diagnostic opportunities for this imaging modality.

Objective: To analyze whether 3D and 4D ceVUS is a superior technique compared to standard 2D ceVUS in diagnosing vesicoureteral reflux in children.

Treatment of impalpable testis - one clinic's experience.

Introduction: Undescended testes are recognised in 1% to 2% of boys during the first year of life, and about 20% of them are impalpable. Ultrasonography (US) may establish the localisation of the testis but the final diagnosis is usually determined laparoscopically.

Aim: To evaluate long-term results of laparoscopic treatment of boys with impalpable testes and sensitivity of preoperative ultrasound.

The role of ultrasound in the management of undescended testes before and after orchidopexy - an update.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the testicular volume and structure using ultrasound (US) before and up to 3 years after orchidopexy in children with different age.A total of 128 patients underwent orchidopexy for undescended testes. Afterwards, patients were invited for annual follow-up and control scrotal US.

Closure of the thoracic duct from the left-side access: A case report.

Background: We report a 16-year-old patient with a massive left-sided chylothorax after chemotherapy due to mixed germinal tumor of the testis with massive metastases located in the retroperitoneal space and posterior mediastinum. Chemotherapy resolved the metastases in the mediastinum but evoked a huge pleural effusion in the left pleural cavity, requiring surgical intervention.Left-sided access was used.

Intraoperative contrast-enhanced urosonography during endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in children.

Background: There are many controversies surrounding the effectiveness of endoscopic treatment of vesicouretheral reflux (VUR) in children, thus it is of highest priority to analyze factors influencing the outcome of therapy and to search for new methods that would increase the success rate and reduce the number of reinjections.

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze whether intraoperative contrast-enhanced urosonography (ce-US) may increase the effectiveness of endoscopic anti-reflux therapy.

Materials And Methods: Intraoperative contrast-enhanced urosonography (ce-US) with SonoVue® was performed in 17 patients (25 ureteral units) undergoing endoscopic treatment of VUR.

Psoriatic erythroderma coexisting with erythema multiforme-like lesions induced by retinoids or retinoids combined with an antibiotic: case report.

Psoriasis is currently considered a multifactorial disease, which can coexist with many somatic and psychological disorders. We present the case of a 50-year-old woman referred to our department due to erythroderma with concomitant peculiar violaceous, polycyclic lesions most likely induced by medications. Past medical history revealed numerous systemic disorders, including metabolic syndrome, hypertension, cardiac insufficiency, obesity, and depression.

[Size of testes and epididymes in boys up to 17 years of life assessed by ultrasound method and method of external linear measurements].

Aims: 1. Determination of the size of testes and epididymes on the right and left side, in healthy boys in various age groups with use of non-invasive ultrasound examination method and the method of external linear measurements. 2.

Multiple glomangiomas involving the glans penis in pediatric patient.

Unlabelled: Glomus tumors, especially multiple ones, are uncommon skin and soft tissue neoplasms occasionally seen in various internal organs. Involvement of the external genital organs including penis is extremely rare, and until now, scarce cases have been reported in the available literature.

Materials And Methods: A routine histologic and immunohistochemical staining for pan-muscle actin, α-smooth muscle actin, desmin, CD31, and CD34 was applied for diagnosis of the lesions.

Cytokines and anticytokines in psoriasis.

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune hyperproliferative skin disease of varying severity affecting approximately 2-3% of the general population in the USA and Europe. Although the pathogenesis of psoriasis has not been fully elucidated, an immunologic-genetic relationship is likely. Cutaneous and systemic overexpression of various proinflammatory cytokines (TNF, interleukins, interferon-gamma) has been demonstrated in psoriatic patients.

Genes and structure of selected cytokines involved in pathogenesis of psoriasis.

Psoriasis is a common skin disease involving 1-4% of human population worldwide, of strong genetic background. The following cytokines are directly involved in psoriasis: TNF, IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-15, IL-18, IL-19, IL-20, IL-23 whereas IL-4, IL-10, IL-12 as well as IL-11, IL-17 and IFN-gamma are rather indirectly engaged. This work is a review of some genetic factors and structure of selected cytokines and receptors and their genes location.

Leptin gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue in girls before and during puberty.

Objectives: Leptin functions as a neuroendocrine hormone and it is related to the onset of puberty in animal models. Its role in normal human sexual maturation is still incompletely defined. The aim of the study was to assess the relationships between leptin mRNA (gene) expression, thickness of subcutaneous fat tissue and the serum concentration of leptin in girls before and during puberty.