Exercise for rotator cuff tendinopathy: Proposed mechanisms of recovery.

Rotator cuff (RC) tendinopathy is a common recurrent cause of shoulder pain, and resistance exercise is the first-line recommended intervention. Proposed causal mechanisms of resistance exercise for patients with RC tendinopathy consist of four domains: tendon structure, neuromuscular factors, pain and sensorimotor processing, and psychosocial factors. Tendon structure plays a role in RC tendinopathy, with decreased stiffness, increased thickness, and collagen disorganization.

Body roll differences in freestyle swimming between swimmers with and without shoulder pain.

Several studies have identified body roll as an important variable that affects shoulder pain due to its potential to modify upper limb kinematics. This study aimed to investigate potential differences in body roll between swimmers with and without shoulder pain. Twenty-four competitive swimmers participated in the study, 12 with unilateral shoulder pain and 12 without.