Citrus juice extraction systems: effect on chemical composition and antioxidant activity of clementine juice.

Clementines are especially appreciated for their delicious flavor, and recent years have seen a great increase in the consumption of clementine juice. In previous decades, antioxidant compounds have received particular attention because of widely demonstrated beneficial health effects. In this work, the organoleptic, volatile flavor, and antioxidant quality of clementine juice were studied with regard to the influence on them by different juice extraction systems: plug inside fruit and rotating cylinders.

Comparison of two immunomagnetic separation technologies to deplete T cells from human blood samples.

The objective of this study was to compare the performance of two immunomagnetic separation technologies to deplete T cells from buffy coats of human blood. Specifically, two versions of the commercial MACS(R) Technology: MiniMACS and SuperMACS, and a prototype, flow-through system, the QMS, were evaluated. Peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (PBL) were isolated from buffy coats and an immunomagnetic separation of CD3(+) cells was conducted using company and optimized labeling protocols.

Cell enrichment and immunochemical staining.

Cell populations can be enriched using a number of physicochemical methods based on characteristics, such as density, size, and volume. Centrifugation using density gradients is typically applied to isolate populations with similar characteristics. Cells obtained using these methods can be further authenticated using specific antibodies that react to markers on the cell surface, allowing the identification of cell subtypes.

Enrichment of rare cancer cells through depletion of normal cells using density and flow-through, immunomagnetic cell separation.

Objective: To develop a reliable technique to enrich for rare cells in blood suspensions using only negative selection steps including a flow-through immunomagnetic cell separations system and by optimizing variables normally encountered during such enrichment processes.

Methods: A human breast cancer cell line was cultivated and spiked at a ratio of 1 cancer cell to 10(5) total leukocytes in buffy coat or 1 cancer cell to 10(8) total cells in whole blood samples. The final, optimized process consisted of: a red cell lysis step, immunomagnetically staining leukocytes with an anti-CD45 PE, anti- MACS sandwich, immunomagnetic sorting using a flow-through system (QMS), and a final cell analysis step using either an automated cell counter, filtration, and visual counting or a cytospin analysis.