Safety of Short-Term Parenteral Nutrition Administration Through Umbilical Artery Catheters in Neonates While in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Objective: The use of umbilical artery catheters (UACs) for parenteral nutrition (PN) administration is controversial, and limited data exist on the safety of administration through this route. The objective of this research is to evaluate neonates who received PN through a UAC and assess catheter-related complications and PN composition.

Methods: This retrospective study evaluated all neonates who received PN through their UAC while admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit between January 2019 and December 2022.

Impact of Cr Doping on the Structural, Optical, and Magnetic Properties of Sol-Gel-Synthesized BiBaPrFeO Nanopowders.

The sol-gel route was used to synthesize a series of compounds of the system Bi.Ba.Pr.

Comparison of catheter-related bloodstream infection rates in pediatric patients receiving parenteral nutrition with soybean oil-based intravenous fat emulsion versus a mixed oil fat emulsion.

Study Objective: To compare rates of catheter-related bloodstream infections (CR-BSI) in pediatric patients who received parenteral nutrition (PN) with either soybean oil-based intravenous fat emulsion (SO-IFE) or mixed oil-IFE (MO-IFE). We hypothesized that the use of MO-IFE would be independently associated with reduced infection rates compared with SO-IFE.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Stability of 4 Intravenous Drug Formulations in Prefilled Syringes Stored Frozen for Up to 60 Days.

Prefilled drug syringe use may reduce the cost of routine antibiotic drug delivery. Storage of prefilled syringes frozen (-20°C) or refrigerated (4°C-5°C), can optimize the use of robotic syringe filling systems if acceptable stability data is gathered per USP 797 standards. Four intravenous (IV) drug formulations were prepared from bulk standard solutions and filled into 10 mL syringes using an Intellifill© IV Robot.

Acid mine drainage treatment using zero-valent iron nanoparticles in biochemical passive reactors.

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is the major effluent generated from metal and coal mines, causing serious ecological risks and degradation of aquatic habitats and surrounding soil quality. Biochemical passive reactors (BPRs) are an option for improving AMD affected water. This study investigates the effect of the size and concentration of zerovalent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) on the efficiency of batch BPRs during AMD remediation.

3D printed gradient index glass optics.

We demonstrate an additive manufacturing approach to produce gradient refractive index glass optics. Using direct ink writing with an active inline micromixer, we three-dimensionally print multimaterial green bodies with compositional gradients, consisting primarily of silica nanoparticles and varying concentrations of titania as the index-modifying dopant. The green bodies are then consolidated into glass and polished, resulting in optics with tailored spatial profiles of the refractive index.

Additive Manufacturing of Optical Quality Germania-Silica Glasses.

Direct ink writing (DIW) three-dimensional (3D) printing provides a revolutionary approach to fabricating components with gradients in material properties. Herein, we report a method for generating colloidal germania feedstock and germania-silica inks for the production of optical quality germania-silica (GeO-SiO) glasses by DIW, making available a new material composition for the development of multimaterial and functionally graded optical quality glasses and ceramics by additive manufacturing. Colloidal germania and silica particles are prepared by a base-catalyzed sol-gel method and converted to printable shear-thinning suspensions with desired viscoelastic properties for DIW.

Plasma Citrulline Concentrations in Neonates With or Without Gastrointestinal Disease During Periods of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.

Introduction: Citrulline is synthesized primarily in enterocytes. Retrospective work revealed higher plasma concentrations in patients without gastrointestinal (GI) disease than in those with GI disease, regardless of bowel resection, leading us to speculate whether it could be used as a marker of gut function prospectively. Our purpose was to analyze plasma citrulline in these patients, comparing a period of exclusive parenteral nutrition (PN) vs both PN and enteral nutrition (PN/EN).

[Implementation of a policy for early childhood care in the Chilean context: a view from health to "Chile Crece Contigo"].

In the field of childhood care, Chile has a long history of interventions which have pointed to reduce infant mortality, most of them with a strong biomedical approach. These interventions have attempted to respond to the demands of the period when they were established, reflecting the evolution of social and health history of the Chilean State and achieving good results during the past century. In this context the Chile Crece Contigo (Chile grows with you) public policy was created to bet on a biopsychosocial approach to early childhood through a serie of actions aimed at protecting and accompanying children throughout their development, with special emphasis on support to the most vulnerable families.

Calprotectin: Clinical Applications in Pediatrics.

As seen over the past 20 years, calprotectin has evolved as a novel, non-invasive biomarker of gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation. We present this review of calprotectin in pediatrics. This article will focus on studies using calprotectin concentrations from different body fluids to monitor inflammation in different disease states and conditions.

MMR Vaccine: When Is the Right Time for the Second Dose?

Outbreaks of measles have been reported over the past 5 years, particularly affecting children between the ages of 1 and 5 years. Most of these children are younger than the age recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for the second dose of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. Question may arise as to whether strict adherence to the scheduled second dose is required or whether there is opportunity for earlier immunization under special circumstances (e.

Redox metabolites signal polymicrobial biofilm development via the NapA oxidative stress cascade in Aspergillus.

Background: Filamentous fungi and bacteria form mixed-species biofilms in nature and diverse clinical contexts. They secrete a wealth of redox-active small molecule secondary metabolites, which are traditionally viewed as toxins that inhibit growth of competing microbes.

Results: Here, we report that these "toxins" can act as interspecies signals, affecting filamentous fungal development via oxidative stress regulation.

Slow light based on stimulated Raman scattering in an integrated liquid-core optical fiber filled with CS2.

We demonstrate a fiber-based slow light system using a carbon disulfide (CS2)) filled integrated liquid-core optical fiber (i-LCOF). Using 1 meter of i-LCOF we were able to delay 18ps pulses up to 34ps; a delay of 188% of the pulse width. This experimental setup serves as a foundation for slow-light experiments in other nonlinear liquids.

Granular cell tumor mimicking a subglottic hemangioma.

Pediatric airway tumors are uncommon. A 4-year-old girl with history of stridor since the first year of life underwent rigid laryngotracheal endoscopy revealing a left posterolateral subglottic mass occluding 80% of lumen. Complete tumor resection by open approach was undertaken.

Self-assembly and recrystallization of bacterial S-layer proteins of Bacillus sphaericus and Bacillus thuringiensis on silicone, mica and quartz crystal supports.

The Oriented architecture of macromolecules plays a critical role in many aspects of Nanobiotechnology such as in the development of biosensors. To this regard, S-layers which constitute the outermost cell envelope component of many prokaryotic organisms, represent unique self assembled systems with the capability to rearrange into monomolecular and oriented arrays. These properties can be exploited to promote their crystallization on surfaces (e.

Nanotechnology based targeted drug delivery.

NANOTECHNOLOGY is having a great impact on many industrial applications, such as manufacturing, semiconductors, nanostructured materials and biotechnology. As relates to the latter, nanobiotechnology focuses on the ability to work at the molecular and atomic level to fabricate structures combining biological materials and synthetic materials, taking into account engineering, physics, chemistry, genomics and proteomics. The main goals relate to biosensors, nanosized microchips, and more generally to medical applications at the molecular level.

Development of nanostructured magnetic capsules by means of the layer by layer technique.

Nanomagnetic particles have been already taken into account as drug carriers thank to the possibility to control their movement to a specific location where the treatment is required by means of high gradient magnetic fields (HGMF). In this work the layer-by-layer technique (LbL) and nanomagnetic particles were used to developed innovative nanostructured magnetic capsules (NSMC). Their potential application as magnetic drug carriers was investigated under the influence of both static and oscillating magnetic fields used respectively to control capsule displacement and shell permeability.

Chile's neoliberal health reform: an assessment and a critique.

In spite of serious under-financing during the Pinochet years, Chile's public health system remains the backbone of health provision, responsible for the impressive public health status.

Energy expenditure, nutrition status, and body composition in children with cystic fibrosis.

Objective: Undernutrition is a frequent complication in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Elevated energy requirements have been found to be 4% to 33% higher than in controls in some studies. Whether or not this is caused by a primary defect or energy metabolism is still a matter of controversy.