Childhood-onset hemifacial spasm: successful treatment with botulinum toxin.

Hemifacial spasm is a disorder characterized by involuntary contractions of muscles innervated by the ipsilateral facial nerve. The majority of cases are of adult-onset. However, a few cases have been described in children.

Demyelinating neuropathy in diabetes mellitus.

Background: Recent studies have reported that patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have a predisposition to develop chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP).

Objectives: To determine whether patients with DM have a polyneuropathy fulfilling electrophysiologic criteria for CIDP, and whether CIDP is more frequent in patients with type 1 than in patients with type 2 DM.

Methods: We prospectively studied the frequency of electrophysiologic changes meeting the criteria for CIDP in patients with DM seen in our electrophysiology laboratory during a 51-month period (period 1).