Minimal genetic change in Vibrio cholerae in Mozambique over time: Multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis and whole genome sequencing.

Although cholera is a major public health concern in Mozambique, its transmission patterns remain unknown. We surveyed the genetic relatedness of 75 Vibrio cholerae isolates from patients at Manhiça District Hospital between 2002-2012 and 3 isolates from river using multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) and whole genome sequencing (WGS). MLVA revealed 22 genotypes in two clonal complexes and four unrelated genotypes.

Association Between Shigella Infection and Diarrhea Varies Based on Location and Age of Children.

Molecular identification of the invasion plasmid antigen-H (ipaH) gene has been established as a useful detection mechanism for Shigella spp. The Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS) identified the etiology and burden of moderate-to-severe diarrhea (MSD) in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia using a case-control study and traditional culture techniques. Here, we used quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to identify Shigella spp.

Quantitative PCR and culture evaluation for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) associated diarrhea in volunteers.

Recent evidence suggests that the abundance of enteric pathogens in the stool correlates with the presence of clinical diarrhea. We quantified the fecal pathogen after feeding enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strain H10407 to 30 adult volunteers. Stools were collected daily and examined using qualitative and quantitative (Q) culture.

Lateral gene transfer of O1 serogroup encoding genes of Vibrio cholerae.

In Gram-negative bacteria, the O-antigen-encoding genes may be transferred between lineages, although mechanisms are not fully understood. To assess possible lateral gene transfer (LGT), 21 Argentinean Vibrio cholerae O-group 1 (O1) isolates were examined using multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to determine the genetic relatedness of housekeeping genes and genes from the O1 gene cluster. MSLT analysis revealed that 4.