Robotic Repair of Ureteral Strictures After Kidney Transplantation.

Background: Approximately 5% to 10% of patients who undergo kidney transplantation develop ureteral stricture, which can be treated endoscopically or by open surgery, which is more effective but complications are common and potentially severe. Robotic surgery has begun to emerge as an alternative in reconstructive procedures. However, few studies have evaluated the role of robotic surgery in this clinical setting.

Orthotopic Robot-assisted Kidney Transplantation: Surgical Technique and Preliminary Results.

Background And Objective: Orthotopic kidney transplantation (KT) has been proposed as an option for patients ineligible for heterotopic KT. In this scenario, orthotopic robot-assisted KT (oRAKT) represents a novel, minimally invasive alternative to the open approach. Here we describe the largest oRAKT series of patients, with a focus on the surgical technique, perioperative surgical outcomes, and functional results.

Apalutamide for prostate cancer: Multicentre and multidisciplinary real-world study of 227 patients.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of apalutamide prostate cancer compared to the pivotal trials patients and to identify the first subsequent therapy in a real-world setting.

Methods: The study is prospective and observational based on real-world evidence, performed by different medical disciplines and eight academics centres around Barcelona, Spain. It included all patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) and high-risk non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) treated with apalutamide from June 2018 to December 2022.

Variant histologies in bladder cancer: Does the centre have an impact in detection accuracy?

Objective: To compare the accuracy in detecting variant histologies (VH) at transurethral resection of bladder (TURB) and radical cystectomy (RC) specimen among tertiary referral centres, in order to investigate potential reasons of discrepancies from the pathological point of view.

Patients And Methods: Clinical and histopathological data of TURB specimen and subsequent cystectomy specimen of 3,445 RC candidate patients have been retrospectively collected from 24 tertiary referral centres between 1980 and 2021. VH considered in the analysis were pure squamous cell carcinoma, urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation, pure adenocarcinoma, urothelial carcinoma with glandular differentiation, micropapillary bladder cancer (BCa), neuroendocrine BCa, and other variants.

Taxane-induced Attenuation of the CXCR2/BCL-2 Axis Sensitizes Prostate Cancer to Platinum-based Treatment.

Background: Taxanes are the most active chemotherapy agents in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients; yet, resistance occurs almost invariably, representing an important clinical challenge. Taxane-platinum combinations have shown clinical benefit in a subset of patients, but the mechanistic basis and biomarkers remain elusive.

Objective: To identify mechanisms and response indicators for the antitumor efficacy of taxane-platinum combinations in mCRPC.

PSA Kinetics as Prognostic Markers of Overall Survival in Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Treated with Abiraterone Acetate.

Background: Abiraterone acetate (AA) is widely used in the treatment of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, a significant percentage of patients will still progress, highlighting the need to identify patients more likely to benefit from AA. Parameters linked to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) kinetics are promising prognostic markers.

Moving towards Personalized Medicine in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Where Are We Now and Where Are We Going?

Neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy is the recommended treatment, with the highest level of evidence, for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). However, only a minority of patients receive this treatment, mainly due to patient comorbidities, the relatively small survival benefit, and the lack of predictive biomarkers to select those patients most likely to benefit from this multimodal approach. In addition, adjuvant chemotherapy has been recommended for patients with high-risk MIBC, although randomized trials have not provided conclusive evidence on the impact of this approach.

Role of Inflammation in the Perioperative Management of Urothelial Bladder Cancer With Squamous-Cell Features: Impact of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio on Outcomes and Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.

Background: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) might reflect an increased neutrophilic inflammatory response, and urothelial tumors with squamous-cell features (SqD) have been linked to inflammation. We hypothesized that NLR could be prognostic in these patients.

Patients And Methods: In patients with SqD muscle-invasive bladder cancer treated with curative intent, NLR and relationships with outcomes were analyzed by Cox regression, log-rank, and Kaplan-Meier analysis.

Low Pretreatment Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predicts for Good Outcomes in Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Before Radical Cystectomy for Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Purpose: The pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been associated with cancer prognosis, influencing progression and chemosensitivity. We aimed to define the role of the NLR in predicting the outcomes to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

Patients And Methods: The data from patients treated with NAC and radical cystectomy for MIBC from 2007 to 2015 at a tertiary care center were reviewed.