Current and Emerging Therapies for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC).

Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) encompasses a heterogeneous wide range of molecular tumor behavior and a high risk of progression. Early detection and treatment are therefore crucial in these patients. Treatment has improved drastically in recent years and many novel therapeutic agents are currently under investigation.

Nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: Novel agents to treat a lethal disease.

Nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) - defined as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) > 2 ng/mL, testosterone castration levels < 1.7 nm/L, and the absence of metastatic lesions on conventional imaging (computed tomography or bone scan) - has been defined as a lethal disease by the Prostate Cancer Work Group. One-third of patients with prostate cancer who receive androgen deprivation therapy for biochemical recurrence after local treatment will develop CRPC, with death occurring an average of 2.

Prognostic correlation of cell cycle progression score and Ki-67 as a predictor of aggressiveness, biochemical failure, and mortality in men with high-risk prostate cancer treated with external beam radiation therapy.

Objectives: Ki-67 is a proliferation marker in prostate cancer. A prognostic RNA signature was developed to characterize prostate cancer aggressiveness. The aim was to evaluate prognostic correlation of CCP and Ki-67 with biochemical failure (BF), and survival in high-risk prostate cancer patients (pts) treated with radiation therapy (RT).

Salvage brachytherapy in prostate local recurrence after radiation therapy: predicting factors for control and toxicity.

Purpose: To evaluate efficacy and toxicity after salvage brachytherapy (BT) in prostate local recurrence after radiation therapy.

Methods And Materials: Between 1993 and 2007, we retrospectively analyzed 56 consecutively patients (pts) undergoing salvage brachytherapy. After local biopsy-proven recurrence, pts received 145 Gy LDR-BT (37 pts, 66%) or HDR-BT (19 pts, 34%) in different dose levels according to biological equivalent doses (BED(2 Gy)).

Clinical effects in a cohort of cancer patients overexposed during external beam pelvic radiotherapy.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcome of 28 overexposed cancer patients in a cohort of 153 treated with pelvic irradiation and to correlate the outcome with the doses received.

Methods And Materials: Between August 2000 and March 2001, 153 patients were treated at the Instituto Oncológico Nacional of Panama with radiotherapy for cancers of the cervix, uterus, endometrium, prostate, and rectum using conventional techniques. In 56 patients, irradiated with partially blocked teletherapy fields, the treatment times were determined using a treatment planning system that generated isodose distributions.