Multicenter registry of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease from a developing country.

Background: Despite the rising incidence of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) globally, multicenter collaborative studies of PIBD children among developing countries remain sparse. We therefore aimed to define the initial presentation and short-term outcomes of Thai children with PIBD from a multicenter registry.

Methods: Four teaching hospitals participated in this study.

A Novel Mutation of Detected in a Hyperornithinemia-Hyperammonemia-Homocitrullinuria Syndrome Child by Clinical Whole-Exome Sequencing.

Hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemia-homocitrullinuria (HHH) syndrome, an inborn error of metabolism, is an inherited syndrome caused by loss-of-function mutations in the resulting in ornithine translocase1 (ORNT1) deficiency. Disrupted ornithine transportation in an affected individual usually manifests with the accumulation of intermediate metabolites, leading to neurological impairment, hepatitis, and/or protein intolerance at various ages of onset. In this paper, we report a compound heterozygous mutation in from a 2-year-old girl who presented with neurological alterations and hepatic failure.

The magnitude and management of functional constipation at pediatric gastroenterology clinics: A survey study of various countries.

Background And Aim: There have been no large-scale epidemiological study of functional constipation of pediatric gastroenterology services. This survey was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of functional constipation and magnitude of related problems in hospital settings of various countries as well as the practice of pediatric gastroenterologists in management of these conditions.

Methods: The survey was conducted by sending questionnaires to members of Societies for Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition of various continents.

Clinical Outcomes of Children Diagnosed Dengue-Associated Acute Liver Failure with or without N-Acetylcysteine Treatment: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been shown to prevent hepatic damage and improve microcirculatory blood flow and oxygen delivery to the tissue. Previous studies have proposed the benefit of NAC in dengue-associated acute liver failure (ALF). However, most studies are descriptive and lack comparison between groups.

The Brussels Infant and Toddler Stool Scale: A Study on Interobserver Reliability.

Objectives: The Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS) is inadequate for non-toilet trained children. The Brussels Infant and Toddler Stool Scale (BITSS) was developed, consisting of 7 photographs of diapers containing stools of infants and toddlers. We aimed to evaluate interobserver reliability of stool consistency assessment among parents, nurses, and medical doctors (MDs) using the BITSS.

An Electronic Questionnaire Survey Evaluating the Perceived Prevalence and Practices of Lactose Intolerance in 1 to 5 Year Old Children in South East Asia.

Purpose: Lactose intolerance (LI) is perceived to be frequent in Asia and has been reported to have considerable impact on dietary intake, nutritional status and the quality of life. We aimed to gather information from healthcare professionals on the perceived incidence, diagnosis and management of LI in 1 to 5 year old children in Southeast Asia.

Methods: An anonymous electronic survey was sent randomly among healthcare professionals registered in the database of the pediatric societies in Thailand, Indonesia, and Singapore between June and October 2016.

Laxative Choice and Treatment Outcomes in Childhood Constipation: Clinical Data in a Longitudinal Retrospective Study.

Purpose: Functional constipation (FC) is a common gastrointestinal (GI) problem affecting children's well-being and quality of life. Although polyethylene glycol (PEG) is recommended as the first line therapy, it is not always applicable in lower socioeconomic populations. Hence, this study aimed to compare clinical courses of FC in children treated with different medications in order to identify prognostic factors related to treatment outcomes.

Prevalence, cause and diagnosis of lactose intolerance in children aged 1-5 years: a systematic review of 1995-2015 literature.

Background And Objectives: To assess the prevalence, etiology, diagnosis of primary and secondary lactose intolerance (LI), including age of onset, among children 1-5 years of age. Suspected/perceived lactose intolerance can lead to dietary restrictions which may increase risk of future health issues.

Methods And Study Design: MEDLINE, CAB Abstract, and Embase were searched for articles published from January 1995-June 2015 related to lactose intolerance in young children.

Development of the Brussels Infant and Toddler Stool Scale ('BITSS'): protocol of the study.

Introduction: The Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSS) which consists of 7 photographs of different stool forms allows assessment of stool consistency (scale 1 for hard lumps to scale 7 for watery stools), in an objective manner in adults. The BSS is also sometimes used to characterise the stools of infants and young children. Despite its use, there is general agreement among paediatric gastroenterologists that the BSS is not adequate to be used in infants and young children who wear diapers; thus, a new scale specifically designed for this population is needed.

Influence of Body Position on Anorectal Manometric Assessment in Functional Constipation.

Objective: To date, there have been no studies to evaluate the influence of posture on anorectal manometric measurements in patients with functional constipation. The present study aimed to compare differences in anorectal manometric measurements in constipated patients when performing the test in the lying and sitting positions.

Material And Method: Anorectal manometry with a conventional solid state manometric catheter was performed in 30 constipated patients in both the lying and sitting positions.

Recurrences of visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania siamensis after treatment with amphotericin B in a seronegative child.

We report the first case of visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania siamensis in a seronegative child. She was treated with amphotericin B at 1 mg/kg/day for 3 weeks; however, recurrences occurred twice. The patient was cured after the administration of amphotericin B for 5 weeks and monthly prophylaxis for 6 months.

Use of Rome II versus Rome III criteria for diagnosis of functional constipation in young children.

Background: There has been no study to evaluate the use of the Rome III criteria for diagnosis of constipation in the unselected young pediatric population. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the use of the Rome II and Rome III criteria for diagnosis of constipation in a group of unselected young Thai children.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 3010 healthy children aged 4 months-5 years who attended a well-baby clinic.

Multilocus characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Leishmania siamensis isolated from autochthonous visceral leishmaniasis cases, southern Thailand.

Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania siamensis is an emerging disease continuously reported in six southern provinces of Thailand. To date, the phylogenetic relationships among Leishmania isolates from Thai patients and other Leishmania species are still unclear and the taxonomic diversity needs to be established. In this study, the phylogenetic inference trees were constructed based on four genetic loci (i.

Lipoprotein(a) and the risk of thromboembolism in Thai children.

High lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] level was identified as a risk factor of both venous and arterial thromboembolism (TE), especially in Caucasian children. The Lp(a) level is affected by apo(a) gene. The genetic polymorphisms that associated with Lp(a) level are the size of apo(a) gene, pentanucleotide repeat (TTTTA)(n) and +93C/T at promoter region.

Appropriate use of empirical antibiotics in acute diarrhoea: a cross-sectional survey in southern Thailand.

Background: Although treatment with empirical antibiotics is recommended for dysenteric or invasive bacterial diarrhoea, overuse is common in clinical practice worldwide. Recent information on the use of antibiotics in Thai children with acute diarrhoea is lacking.

Objective: To survey the appropriate use of empirical antibiotics in children with acute diarrhoea in hospitals in southern Thailand and evaluate the association between their use and clinical features.

Peri-operative factors predicting the outcome of hepatic porto-enterostomy in infants with biliary atresia.

Introduction: Without hepatic transplantation, hepatic porto-enterostomy is the only definitive surgical therapy for infants with biliary atresia. Unfortunately, clearance of jaundice by the procedure is not promising. Pre-operative data that may predict the outcome is of great value in the selection of surgical candidates.

Prevalence and natural course of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms: a 1-year cohort study in Thai infants.

Background: Epidemiologic studies in adults suggest that the nature of gastroesophageal reflux may differ among various ethnic groups. Until recently, there has been limited information concerning the epidemiology of gastroesophageal reflux in non-Western children. The objectives of this cohort study were to investigate the prevalence of symptoms related to gastroesophageal reflux in Thai infants and to describe the clinical course of reflux regurgitation during the first year of life.

The diagnostic value of anorectal manometry as a screening test for Hirschsprung's disease.

The diagnostic accuracy of anorectal manometry as a screening test for Hirschsprung's disease (HD) was assessed in 46 children suspected of having HD on clinical grounds. Among 33 children in whom a rectosphincteric reflex (RSR) was not demonstrated on manometric recordings, 31 were later proven to have HD by full thickness rectal biopsy: the remaining 2 children were shown not to have HD. None of the 12 children who had a normal RSR had HD.

Incidence and risk factors for carbohydrate intolerance in Thai infants with acute diarrhea: an outpatient-based study.

Until recently, information concerning carbohydrate intolerance complicating acute infantile diarrhea of outpatients in Thailand has been lacking. This prospective study was undertaken to determine the incidence and risk factors of secondary carbohydrate intolerance in outpatients. Of 197 well-nourished infants with acute diarrhea who were seen at the outpatient department of Songklanagarind Hospital between July 1991 and June 1992, 62 infants (31.

Bowel habits of normal Thai children.

Bowel habits were assessed in 400 healthy Thai children aged 1-72 months. The study was undertaken principally because information concerning the bowel habits of children living on a non-Western diet is lacking. Ninety-four percent of the children moved their bowels at least once a day.