Establishment and characterization of the novel myxofibrosarcoma cell line, SMU-MFS.

Myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) is one of the most common soft-tissue sarcomas in elderly patients. Owing to the limited efficacy of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, complete resection is the only available curative treatment. Therefore, developing novel therapies for MFS is important to improve clinical outcomes.

Assessment of air dose distribution in the vertical plane for better occupational exposure management.

The International Commission on Radiological Protection recommended a significant reduction of the equivalent dose limit for the eye lens. Reportedly, medical staff in charge of diagnostic imaging procedures may exceed the new dose limits for the eye lens. The use of dosimeters dedicated to the eye lens remains low, and dosimeters for the neck region were often used to assess eye lens doses.

Transparent X-ray Shielding Solutions with Various Metal Ions.

We fabricated transparent, Pb-free X-ray shielding materials using solvated ions in a polar solvent. Previous materials have been based on dispersions of metal-containing particles such as barium sulfate (BaSO) in a matrix. Comparisons of suspensions of metal-based particles and solutions of metal ions in a solvent enable better understanding of interactions such as reflection, scattering, and absorption between X-rays and substances.

Association of medullary reticular formation ventral part with spasticity in mice suffering from photothrombotic stroke.

Strokes cause spasticity via stretch reflex hyperexcitability in the spinal cord, and spastic paralysis due to involuntary muscle contraction in the hands and fingers can severely restrict skilled hand movements. However, the underlying neurological mechanisms remain unknown. Using a mouse model of spasticity after stroke, we demonstrate changes in neuronal activity with and without electrostimulation of the afferent nerve to induce the stretch reflex, measured using quantitative activation-induced manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.

[Quantitative Activity-Induced Manganese-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Principles, Applications, and Limitations].

Accurate identification of regions that show activity changes in response to functional expression is necessary to understand the mechanisms underlying functional expression in the brain. Quantitative activity-induced manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (qAIM-MRI) is a noninvasive whole-brain activity history imaging method used for this purpose. Notably, qAIM-MRI is a pseudo-Ca imaging method that uses Mn as a surrogate marker for Ca.

Multilayered proteomics reveals that JAM-A promotes breast cancer progression via regulation of amino acid transporter LAT1.

Recent studies have shown that transmembrane-type tight junction proteins are upregulated in various cancers compared with their levels in normal tissues and are involved in cancer progression, suggesting that they are potential therapeutic targets. Here, we demonstrated the expression profile and a novel role of junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A) in breast cancer. Immunohistochemistry of surgical specimens showed that JAM-A was highly expressed from carcinoma in situ lesions, as in other adenocarcinomas, with higher expression in invasive carcinomas.

Vitamin D-metabolizing enzyme CYP24A1 affects oncogenic behaviors of oral squamous cell carcinoma and its prognostic implication.

Vitamin D is an essential molecule for cellular homeostasis, playing a critical role in cell fate decisions including cell proliferation, differentiation, and viability. Accumulating evidence has revealed that expression of the vitamin D-metabolizing enzyme CYP24A1 is dysregulated in different types of human malignancy. CYP24A1 has been shown to be involved in the oncogenic property of a variety of carcinoma cells.

Chemogenetic activation of mammalian brain neurons expressing insect Ionotropic Receptors by systemic ligand precursor administration.

Chemogenetic approaches employing ligand-gated ion channels are advantageous regarding manipulation of target neuronal population functions independently of endogenous second messenger pathways. Among them, Ionotropic Receptor (IR)-mediated neuronal activation (IRNA) allows stimulation of mammalian neurons that heterologously express members of the insect chemosensory IR repertoire in response to their cognate ligands. In the original protocol, phenylacetic acid, a ligand of the IR84a/IR8a complex, was locally injected into a brain region due to its low permeability of the blood-brain barrier.

Downregulation of SMOC1 is associated with progression of colorectal traditional serrated adenomas.

Background: Aberrant DNA methylation is prevalent in colorectal serrated lesions. We previously reported that the CpG island of SMOC1 is frequently methylated in traditional serrated adenomas (TSAs) and colorectal cancers (CRCs) but is rarely methylated in sessile serrated lesions (SSLs). In the present study, we aimed to further characterize the expression of SMOC1 in early colorectal lesions.

Eribulin is an immune potentiator in breast cancer that upregulates human leukocyte antigen class I expression via the induction of NOD-like receptor family CARD domain-containing 5.

Eribulin inhibits microtubule polymerization and improves the overall survival of patients with recurrent metastatic breast cancer. A subgroup analysis revealed a low neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (<3) to be a prognostic factor of eribulin treatment. We thus hypothesized that eribulin might be related to the immune response for breast cancer cells and we analyzed the effects of eribulin on the immune system.

Are Online Simulations for Radiation Emergency Medical Preparedness Less Effective in Teaching Than Face-to-Face Simulations?

Objective: The study clarified differences in understanding and satisfaction between face-to-face and online training on radiation emergency medical preparedness (REMP) training.

Methods: The training was held at Hirosaki University between 2018 and 2022, with 46 face-to-face participants and 25 online participants.

Results: Face-to-face training was significantly more understandable than online for the use of the Geiger counter ( < 0.

Common pathological findings in the heart in COVID-19-related sudden death cases: An autopsy case series.

Background: Cardiomyopathy is a leading cause of sudden out-of-hospital death after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. Such unexpected COVID-19-related cardiomyopathies are challenging to diagnose as specific pathological findings are not always identified.

Case Summary: We reported the autopsy findings of two cases of sudden death due to COVID-19-related cardiomyopathies.

ACLP Activates Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts and Inhibits CD8+ T-Cell Infiltration in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

We previously showed that upregulation of adipocyte enhancer-binding protein 1 () in vascular endothelial cells promotes tumor angiogenesis. In the present study, we aimed to clarify the role of stromal /ACLP expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Immunohistochemical analysis showed that ACLP is abundantly expressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in primary OSCC tissues and that upregulated expression of ACLP is associated with disease progression.

Monte Carlo simulations of organ and effective doses and dose-length product for dental cone-beam CT.

Objectives: The use of dental cone-beam CT (CBCT) has increased in recent years. We aimed to calculate the organ and effective doses in dental CBCT using Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) and to correlate the effective dose with the dose-length product (DLP), which is a radiation dose index.

Methods: Organ and effective doses were calculated by MCS using the adult male and female reference phantoms of the International Commission on Radiological Protection publication 110 in a half-rotation scan of the CBCT scanner Veraviewepocs 3Df.

Establishment and characterization of a novel dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma cell line, SMU-DDCS, harboring an IDH1 mutation.

Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma (DDCS) is a high-grade subtype with a bi-morphic histological appearance of a conventional chondrosarcoma component and it can abruptly transition to a high-grade non-cartilaginous sarcoma. To better understand the biological features of DDCSs and to help develop new therapies, a novel DDCS cell line, SMU-DDCS, was established. Tissue from an open biopsy of a tumor resected from a 75-year-old patient was subjected to primary culture.

TM4SF1-AS1 inhibits apoptosis by promoting stress granule formation in cancer cells.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play pivotal roles in tumor development. To identify dysregulated lncRNAs in gastric cancer (GC), we analyzed genome-wide trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3) to screen for transcriptionally active lncRNA genes in the non-tumorous gastric mucosa of patients with GC and healthy individuals. We found that H3K4me3 at TM4SF1-AS1 was specifically upregulated in GC patients and that the expression of TM4SF1-AS1 was significantly elevated in primary and cultured GC cells.

[Liver metastasis from alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancer 27 years postoperation:a case report].

A 75-year-old man with a history of distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer at 48 years of age underwent abdominal computed tomography, which revealed a left hepatic lobe tumor alongside direct gastric invasion. His blood test results revealed significant increase in serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels (32240.3ng/mL).

A novel approach to diagnosing crystal-storing histiocytosis: utility of scanning electron microscopy for formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue specimens.

Crystal-storing histiocytosis (CSH) is a rare disorder that shows infiltration of histiocytes with an aberrant cytoplasmic accumulation of crystalline structures and is often accompanied by lymphoproliferative-plasma cell disorders (LP-PCD) as background diseases. The diagnosis of CSH requires identification of crystalline structures that accumulate in the infiltrating histiocytes, which may be challenging by optical microscopy alone. In this case report, we describe an atypical course of systemic CSH with multifocal fibrosclerosis of an unknown background disease that was diagnosed by ultrastructural observation, including transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in pathological autopsy.

A novel micro-ECoG recording method for recording multisensory neural activity from the parietal to temporal cortices in mice.

Characterization of inter-regional interactions in brain is essential for understanding the mechanism relevant to normal brain function and neurological disease. The recently developed flexible micro (μ)-electrocorticography (μECoG) device is one prominent method used to examine large-scale cortical activity across multiple regions. The sheet-shaped μECoG electrodes arrays can be placed on a relatively wide area of cortical surface beneath the skull by inserting the device into the space between skull and brain.

Ischemia-induced intestinal de-epithelization and consequent cholangitis lenta after usage of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in COVID-19 patients: an autopsy series.

Since its discovery in late 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has spread around the world, causing millions of deaths due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Numerous clinical and post-mortem investigations of COVID-19 cases have found myriad clinical and pathological manifestations of the disease. In this report, we present three autopsy cases in which, despite weaning from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), extensive intestinal epithelial shedding, probably due to ischemia, was followed by massive watery diarrhea and the spread of infection via the portal vein due to bacterial translocation, which resulted in cholangitis lenta.

Elevated expression of endocan in the development of cervical squamous neoplasia of the uterus.

Accumulated evidence has shown that endocan, which was originally called endothelial cell-specific molecule-1, is an attractive prognostic factor in a variety of cancers. However, the relevance of endocan expression in human malignancies remains to be clarified. In the present study, the expression of endocan in cervical squamous neoplasia of the uterus, including low- and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL and HSIL, respectively), as well as in invasive squamous cell carcinoma was examined by immunohistochemistry.

Generalized crystal-storing histiocytosis with noncirrhotic portal hypertension: an autopsy case report.

Crystal-storing histiocytosis (CSH) is a rare disease associated with the accumulation of histiocytes containing crystalline matter within their cytoplasm. Herein, we present the case of a female patient who was diagnosed with Tolosa-Hunt syndrome at 45 years of age and idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis when she was 48 years. She developed portal hypertension (PH), but did not present with cirrhosis; as such, the cause of PH was not identified.