A Case Report of a Diaphragmatic Defect Developing Into a Late-Presenting Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia With Severe Respiratory Failure.

Diaphragmatic hernia is a congenital malformation, often discovered in the neonatal period, and its occurrence in adults is very rare. This patient, who was completely asymptomatic until the age of 62, had developed an intestinal obstruction and went into respiratory failure after surgery for an external auditory canal carcinoma. He was subsequently diagnosed with a late-presenting congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), thus requiring surgical treatment.

Young Healthy Patient With Severe COVID-19 and Fulminant Community-Acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pneumonia: A Case Report.

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by in healthy adults can rapidly lead to severe outcomes. We treated a case of -induced CAP and concurrent severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in a healthy 39-year-old man without other serious risk factors for severe illness except smoking. Immediately after admission, the patient developed sepsis and received intensive broad-spectrum antibacterial therapy with meropenem and vancomycin, veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VAECMO), and catecholamine supplementation.

The short-term efficacy of high flow nasal oxygen therapy on cardiovascular surgical patients: a randomized crossover trial.

Background: Oxygen therapy after extubation in the intensive care unit (ICU) is essential in order to maintain adequate oxygenation, especially in patients who have undertaken cardiovascular surgery. A Venturi mask (VM) has been routinely used as an oxygen therapy in the ICU. Recently, however, the high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has become available, and this device can deliver up to 60 L/min of humidified oxygen.

Presepsin and platelet to lymphocyte ratio predict the progression of septic subclinical acute kidney injury to septic acute kidney injury: a pilot study.

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether presepsin and inflammation-based prognostic scores can predict the progression of septic subclinical acute kidney injury (AKI) to septic AKI among intensive care unit (ICU) patients.

Results: Presepsin values were measured immediately after ICU admission (baseline) and on Days 2, 3, and 5 after ICU admission. Glasgow Prognostic Score, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), Prognostic Index, and Prognostic Nutritional Index were measured at baseline.

PaO / FiO ratio responsiveness to prone positioning in intubated patients with severe COVID-19: a retrospective observational study.

Aim: Prone positioning of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients could improve oxygenation. However, clinical data on prone positioning of intubated COVID-19 patients are limited. We investigated trends of PaO / FiO ratio values in patients during prone positioning to identify a predictive factor for early detection of patients requiring advanced therapeutic intervention such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).

Presepsin values and prognostic nutritional index predict mortality in intensive care unit patients with sepsis: a pilot study.

Objective: Sepsis is a major cause of mortality for critically ill patients. This study aimed to determine whether presepsin values can predict mortality in patients with sepsis.

Results: Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, Log-rank test, and multivariate analysis identified presepsin values and Prognostic Nutritional Index as predictors of mortality in sepsis patients.

Presepsin and prognostic nutritional index are predictors of septic acute kidney injury, renal replacement therapy initiation in sepsis patients, and prognosis in septic acute kidney injury patients: a pilot study.

Background: Sepsis is the most common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) among critically ill patients. This study aimed to determine whether presepsin is a predictor of septic acute kidney injury, renal replacement therapy initiation (RRTi) in sepsis patients, and prognosis in septic AKI patients.

Methods: Presepsin values were measured immediately after ICU admission (baseline) and on Days 2, 3, and 5 after ICU admission.

Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin was a predictor from the day after intensive care unit entry, but not on the day of intensive care unit entry.

Background And Aims: Sepsis is the main cause of death from infection. This study aimed to determine whether neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) values better predict mortality in septic patients when combined with inflammation-based prognostic scores.

Material And Methods: Forty-four adult patients diagnosed according to the Sepsis-3 definition and who were admitted to the ICU were prospectively examined from June 2018 to November 2018.

Presepsin Values Predict Septic Acute Kidney Injury, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, and Shock.

Background: Sepsis remains a major cause of mortality in critically ill patients. This study aimed to determine whether presepsin is a predictor of septic acute kidney injury (AKI), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and shock.

Methods: A total of 83 adult patients diagnosed with sepsis were prospectively examined.

Sudden, Sharp Turn in an AIDS Patient's Course Following the Onset of Fulminant Type 1 Diabetes.

A previously healthy 40-year-old Japanese male was urgently admitted with a 2-month history of dysphagia, 30-kg weight loss, and fever. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies and cytomegalovirus antigenemia were positive. Pneumocystis pneumonia and cytomegalovirus pneumonia were suspected.

The Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio Is Superior to Other Inflammation-Based Prognostic Scores in Predicting the Mortality of Patients with Pneumonia.

A neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) > 7 is reportedly an independent marker of mortality in patients with bacteremia. However, no studies have shown an association between inflammation-based prognostic scores (including the Glasgow Prognostic Score, the NLR, the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, the Prognostic Nutritional Index, and the Prognostic Index) and mortality in patients with pneumonia. We retrospectively examined the cases of 33 patients diagnosed with pneumonia who were treated in the ICU of Osaka Medical College Hospital between January 2014 and June 2016.

Exploring the use of single-port surgery in the conservative management of hepatic portal vein gas: A case report.

Rationale: Hepatic portal vein gas (HPVG) is known as a sign of a lethal condition resulting from bowel necrosis. Recently, the detection rate of non-life-threatening cases of HPVG has increased due to the technological development of imaging, i.e.

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio are superior to other inflammation-based prognostic scores in predicting the mortality of patients with gastrointestinal perforation.

Background: The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is gaining interest as an independent predictor of survival in patients with various clinical conditions. No study to date has reported an association between inflammation-based prognostic scores, including the Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS), NLR, platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), and Prognostic Index (PI), and mortality in patients with gastrointestinal perforation (GIP). We compared the prognostic value of these measures.

Sudden onset of artery dissection in a 32-year-old woman with vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome due to psychological stress of her mother's death: a case series.

Background: Patients with vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) are susceptible to significant vascular complications, such as aortic and visceral arterial ruptures, aneurysms, and dissection. We describe a case of repeated bleeding in a 57-year-old woman and a case of sudden onset of artery dissection in her daughter, both of whom were previously diagnosed with vascular EDS and managed at our institution.

Case Presentation: A 57-year-old woman was admitted to our emergency department due to sudden onset of left low back pain.

pneumonia in an immunocompetent patient: a case report.

Background: () rarely causes lower respiratory tract infections, although most reported cases of pneumonia are fatal despite intensive antibiotic therapy. We present a case of pneumonia in an immunocompetent patient.

Case Presentation: An 81-year-old woman was transferred from a district general hospital to our hospital for treatment of congestive heart failure.

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy caused by acute respiratory stress from extubation: A case report.

Rational: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) is a transient systolic dysfunction of the left ventricular apex without stenosis of coronary arteries and is induced by various psychological and physical factors. TCM sometimes causes lethal complications such as arrhythmia, thrombogenesis, and even cardiac rupture, and thus it should be diagnosed appropriately and managed carefully. Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are exposed to overstress during the treatment process and therefore can are at potential risk for TCM.

Sudden onset of severe pulmonary edema after emergency cesarean section.

Mitral valve stenosis (MS) associated with rheumatic disease no longer represents a major heart problem during the perinatal period in Japan. Here we present a case of acute heart failure due to MS after emergency cesarean section (CS). The patient was transferred due to the development of fetal distress at 36 weeks gestation and underwent an emergency CS under general anesthesia.

Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis presenting as an acute psychotic episode misdiagnosed as dissociative disorder: a case report.

Background: In 2005, "anti--methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis," a syndrome with prominent psychiatric symptoms, memory loss, decrease in level of consciousness, and central hypoventilation, was described in young women with ovarian teratomas and antibodies against an antigen highly expressed in the hippocampus. This report highlights the growing need for increased awareness among psychiatrists and other relevant medical professionals about this under-diagnosed disorder, which should be considered in differential diagnoses.

Case Presentation: A 19-year-old female with no psychiatric history presented to a district general hospital with acute psychosis, emotional lability, memory deficit, fluctuating behavioral changes such as wandering and babbling, and seizure.

[Development of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy during Recovery from General Anesthesia: A Case Report].

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a cardiac syndrome characterized by transient left ventricular dysfunction. A 61-year-old woman underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. During recovery from general anesthesia, several arrhythmias occurred without cardiac collapse following desflurane discontinuation and sugammadex sodium administration.