Comprehensive assessment of supratentorial and infratentorial volumes in infants with myelomeningocele with and without Chiari malformation type II.

Purpose: Chiari malformation type II (CM-II) is a congenital anomaly commonly associated with myelomeningocele (MMC), a severe form of open spina dysraphism. This study aimed to evaluate both supratentorial and infratentorial volumes in MMC infants with and without CM-II.

Methods: We conducted a single-center, retrospective study of 52 MMC infants treated between April 2006 and July 2023.

Intracranial volumetric evaluation in postnatally repaired myelomeningocele infants.

Introduction: Most myelomeningocele (MMC) cases present with ventriculomegaly or hydrocephalus, yet a comprehensive volumetric assessment of MMC intracranial structures is lacking. This study aimed to provide baseline data on intracranial structural volumes immediately after birth in MMC infants who underwent repair surgeries after birth (postnatal repair).

Methods: In this retrospective single-center study, we analyzed 52 MMC infants undergoing postnatal repair, utilizing head computed tomography scans at birth for volumetric assessment.

Growth patterns and ratios of posterior cranial fossa structures in the Japanese pediatric population: a study utilizing CT scans.

Purpose: The changes in the proportion of posterior cranial fossa structures during pediatric development remain unclear. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the growth patterns and ratios of these structures using CT scans.

Methods: Head CT scans of pediatric patients with minor head trauma from Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital between March 2006 and May 2023 were analyzed.

Eight patients with Williams syndrome and craniosynostosis.

Williams syndrome (WS) is a well-known genetic syndrome caused by a microdeletion on chromosome 7q11.23 encompassing the elastin gene. It is characterized by distinctive facies, congenital cardiovascular malformations, intellectual disabilities, and various other manifestations.

Guideline for management and treatment of fetal and congenital hydrocephalus: Center Of Excellence-Fetal and Congenital Hydrocephalus Top 10 Japan Guideline 2011.

Hydrocephalus does not indicate a single clinical entity, but includes a variety of clinicopathological conditions caused by excessive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) based on the disturbed circulation. Recent progress in prenatal neuroimagings such as MRI and ultrasound echoencephalography on fetus enables to understand clinicopathological conditions of CSF circulation disorder in conjunction with morphological changes in the central nervous system properly. It has been revealed that the CSF dynamics develop in the theory of evolution from the immature brain, as in the animals with the minor CSF pathway predominance, towards matured adult human brain together with the completion of the major CSF pathway: the "Evolution Theory in CSF Dynamics".

Spinal lipomas in children--surgical management and long-term follow-up.

Since its introduction, MR imaging has been easy to perform on all children with lumbosacral cutaneous stigmata, and has enabled the phenomenal refinement of spinal pathology. We investigated the overall outcomes of children with spinal lipomas at the Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health in Osaka, Japan. Between 1991 and 2003, 76 children with a tethered cord underwent a total of 90 surgical procedures at our institutes.

Quantitative follow-up analysis by computed tomographic imaging in neonatal hydrocephalus.

We sought a simple and accurate method to monitor neonatal hydrocephalic infants using standard computed tomographic scans. Volume measurements were made by means of pixel counting using a personal computer and a drawing device, as a graphic tablet system, over computed tomographic scans of six infants with neonatal hydrocephalus and four age-matched control infants. The mean value (763.

Multiplication of infantile spinal lipomas after surgical untethering. Report of two cases.

The authors reviewed 63 cases of patients with spinal lipomas who had undergone surgical untethering in childhood and found two infants in whom multiplication of the lipomas occurred within 1 year postoperatively. More importantly, the lipomas dramatically increased in size during infancy. In each case, the pathological findings on reoperation were identical to those in the first surgery.

Tethered cord associated with anorectal malformation.

Ten children with a tethered cord and also an anorectal malformation are reported in this document. The anorectal malformations comprised 5 vesicointestinal fissures, 2 cloacal exstrophies, 2 rectovesical fistulas and 1 rectobulbar fistula. All of the patients underwent colostomy in advance of surgery for untethering of the spinal cord.