[The Association of Docetaxel Side Effects and Introduction of Subsequent Cabazitaxel for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer : A Clinical Study].

The administration of cabazitaxel for patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) requires prior docetaxel therapy. Sequential chemotherapy may have to be discontinued due to docetaxelassociated side effects. This study investigated the relationship between treatment outcome of docetaxel and cabazitaxel and their associated side effects.

Lower Dose of 5 mL of 1% Lidocaine is More Suitable than the Conventional 10 mL for Caudal Block in Transrectal Prostate Biopsy: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: In Japan, caudal block with 1% lidocaine is commonly used for transrectal prostate biopsy. Although 10 mL of 1% lidocaine is commonly used, the appropriate dosage of 1% lidocaine has not been studied. Our hospital routinely uses two different doses (5 or 10 mL) of 1% lidocaine for caudal block for transrectal prostate biopsy.

Adenocarcinoma in ectopic prostatic tissue at the trigone of urinary bladder.

Introduction: Ectopic prostatic tissue is prostatic tissue located distant from the prostate gland. Although its existence is not uncommon, the occurrence of adenocarcinoma in ectopic prostatic tissue is rare.

Case Presentation: A 68-year-old man was suspected to have a nodular-type tumor in the bladder trigone and a tumor in the prostate based on magnetic resonance imaging and cystoscopy results.

Vertical Transmission of Coxsackievirus A6 with Severe Congenital Pneumonia/Sepsis.

We report a case of vertical transmission of Coxsackievirus (CV)-A6 with severe congenital pneumonia/sepsis. A male infant presented with severe respiratory symptoms at birth and was treated with full cardiopulmonary support, including inhaled nitric oxide. Three days before delivery, his older brother was diagnosed with hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD).

[A Case of Panperitonitis Due to Bladder Rupture Caused by Spinal Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer].

A 74-year-old patient was undergoing treatment for ascending colon cancer (cT4aN2M1a) in the Department of Surgery at our hospital. During treatment for increased lymph node metastasis and spinal metastasis, she complained of numbness in her dorsal thigh. Magnetic resonance imaging showed spinal canal stenosis due to L4 bone metastasis.

Assessment of bone health in patients with prostate cancer using cancer staging computed tomography.

Purpose: To evaluate the utility of vertebral Hounsfield unit (HU) values from computed tomography (CT) in cancer staging as a supplementary screening tool for bone health among prostate cancer (PCa) patients.

Methods: T-scores of bone mineral density (BMD) in each lumbar vertebra (L1-L4) and hip for newly diagnosed PCa patients (N = 139) were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The degenerative changes in each lumbar vertebra were assessed, and the HU values of trabecular bone in axial CT images of each vertebral body (vertebral CT-HU value) were measured using staging CT.

False positive cases of elevated tetradecenoyl carnitine in newborn mass screening showed significant loss of body weight.

Very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD) deficiency, a condition in which the body is unable to break down long-chain fatty acids properly, is the most common fatty acid oxidation disorder in Japan. Tandem mass spectrometry has been used in newborn screening (NBS), allowing the detection of patients with VLCAD deficiency even before symptoms manifest. However, tandem mass spectrometry has a high false positive rate.

Results of weekday-on and weekend-off administration schedule of sunitinib therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Sunitinib is widely prescribed as first-line therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. To reduce the ratio of severe adverse events and improve the relative dose intensity, we prospectively tried our own alternative medication schedule, which we called the "weekday-on and weekend-off regimen". Here we report the results of this regimen compared to the conventional medication schedule.

[Unfixed Mesh Plug Migration from Inguinal Ring to Urinary Bladder].

A 65-year-old man presented to a clinic with a chief complaint of macrohematuria and frequent urination. The computed tomographic scan and cystoscopy revealed a dome of bladder tumor. He was referred to our hospital with the diagnosis of bladder tumor.

Costs associated with febrile neutropenia in Japanese patients with primary breast cancer: post-hoc analysis of a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Febrile neutropenia (FN), a decrease in blood neutrophils accompanied by fever, is a major adverse event (AE) associated with cancer chemotherapy. We aimed to estimate the direct medical costs associated with FN management in breast cancer patients within a clinical trial with pegfilgrastim, a pegylated form of recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF).

Methods: We obtained data from 346 Japanese breast cancer patients in a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial comparing FN incidence due to TC adjuvant chemotherapy (docetaxel 75 mg/m2, cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2) between pegfilgrastim-treated and placebo groups.

[RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF POSITIVE SURGICAL MARGIN AT RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY].

We retrospectively reviewed 182 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy in our hospital between April, 2009 to December, 2012, and who had not received any prior hormonal therapy. We also excluded the patients who couldn't followed up more than 6 months after surgery and pN1 patients. Positive surgical margins were observed in 65 cases.

Induced-fit motion of a lid loop involved in catalysis in alginate lyase A1-III.

The structures of two mutants (H192A and Y246F) of a mannuronate-specific alginate lyase, A1-III, from Sphingomonas species A1 complexed with a tetrasaccharide substrate [4-deoxy-L-erythro-hex-4-ene-pyranosyluronate-(mannuronate)(2)-mannuronic acid] were determined by X-ray crystallography at around 2.2 Å resolution together with the apo form of the H192A mutant. The final models of the complex forms, which comprised two monomers (of 353 amino-acid residues each), 268-287 water molecules and two tetrasaccharide substrates, had R factors of around 0.

[A case of aldosterone-producing adenoma associated with end-stage renal disease].

A 53-year-old female had a history of long-term hemodialysis. Periodic follow-up abdominal ultrasonography revealed a tumor measuring 4 cm in diameter in an area adjacent to the upper pole of the right kidney. Abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a right adrenal tumor.

[The clinical efficacy and safety of naftopidil 75 mg on benign prostatic hyperplasia patients with moderate or severe urinary disturbance].

We investigated the clinical efficacy and safety of administration of naftopidil at 75 mg for clinically benign hyperplasia patients who had moderate or severe urinary disturbance according to guidelines for clinical studies regarding urination disorder. Among patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who were treated with a alpha1-adrenoceptor blocker, we administered naftopidil (75 mg/day) for 12 weeks to 85 patients in whom the global severity was evaluated as moderate or severe. This agent significantly reduced the international prostate symptom score (I-PSS) and residual urine volume, and improved the QOL index and maximum urine flow volume in comparison with the baselines.

[Pelvic lymph node metastasis from bladder cancer markedly responsive to methotrexate vinblastine doxorubicin and cisplatin (M-VAC) therapy followed by radiotherapy: a case report].

We report a case of bladder cancer with pelvic lymph node metastasis effectively treated by chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy. The patient was a 65-year-old man who had undergone radical cystectomy. Histological findings showed urothelial carcinoma, G3 > G2, pT1b.

Renal cell carcinoma in dialysis patients: a single center experience.

Aim: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a life-threatening complication of end-stage renal disease with an unclear pathogenesis. We evaluated RCC developing in patients undergoing dialysis.

Methods: In 2624 patients undergoing hemodialysis or continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis at our hospital between July 1993 and March 2004, we performed annual screening for RCC using abdominal computed tomography and ultrasonography.

[A case of further significant anastomotic rupture after gentle traction of urethral catheter for minimal anastomotic leakage after radical retropubic prostatectomy].

A 76-year-old man with clinical stage T1c adenocarcinoma of the prostate underwent radical retropubic prostatectomy. After a cystography on postoperative day 7 demonstrated minimal contrast extravasation, gentle catheter traction was performed. However, a cystography on postoperative day 21 showed a displacement of the catheter out of the bladder due to more significant anastomotic rupture.

Urological robotic surgery: preliminary experience with the Zeus system.

Aim: We performed robotic or robotically-assisted laparoscopic surgery for urological diseases, and evaluated the ef ficacy and safety of this surgery.

Methods: Between November 2003 and June 2004, we performed laparoscopic surgery with the Zeus system in eight cases. Three adrenalectomy cases of cortical adenoma presenting with Cushing syndrome and primary aldosteronism, and two cases of nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma in dialyzed patients were performed solely with Zeus.

Primary aldosteronism combined with preclinical Cushing's syndrome in an elderly patient.

Pre-clinical Cushing's syndrome (pre-CS) is sometimes seen with adrenal cortical tumors. An 80-year-old woman had severe hypertension and hypokalemia, the typical clinical features of primary aldosteronism, but detailed hormonal examinations revealed the accompanying pre-CS. After adrenalectomy by laparoscopy, her blood pressure was remarkably reduced and the hypokalemia also recovered.

Molecular identification of Sphingomonas sp. A1 alginate lyase (A1-IV') as a member of novel polysaccharide lyase family 15 and implications in alginate lyase evolution.

Sphingomonas sp. A1 (strain A1) produces three endotypes (A1-I [65 kDa], A1-II [25 kDa], and A1-III [40 kDa]) and an exotype (A1-IV [86 kDa]) alginate lyases in cytoplasm. These four enzymes cooperatively depolymerize alginate into constituent monosaccharides.

Retroperitoneoscopic living related-donor nephrectomy: clinical outcomes of 50 consecutive cases and comparison with open donor nephrectomy.

Purpose: To determine whether living related retroperitoneoscopic donor nephrectomy (RDN) is a safe and effective procedure.

Patients And Methods: From September 2001 to May 2004, RDN was performed in 50 consecutive patients at our hospital. All patients were followed longitudinally with office visits.