Effects of tramadol via a µ-opioid receptor on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in vitro and in vivo.

Introduction: Tramadol, a weak opioid anesthetic, is used for pain management in patients with cancer, but the effects of tramadol on cancer via µ-opioid receptor are still unknown. We assessed the effects of tramadol on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma using transgenic mice ( ).

Methods: Six-week-old transgenic mice were orally administered 10 mg/kg/day tramadol (n=12), 10 mg/kg/day tramadol and 1 mg/kg/day naltrexone (n=9), or vehicle water (n=14) until the humane endpoint.

Mirogabalin improves cancer-associated pain but increases the risk of malignancy in mice with pancreatic cancer.

Mirogabalin, a selective voltage-gated calcium channel α2δ ligand, improves peripheral neuropathic pain; however, its effects on patients with cancers including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remain unknown. We analyzed the effects of mirogabalin on a KPPC ( LSL-KrasG12D/+; Trp53flox/flox; Pdx-1cre/+ ) mouse model of PDAC. Six-week-old KPPC mice received oral mirogabalin (10 mg/kg/day) (n = 10) or vehicle water (n = 14) until the humane end point.

A comparison between the adductor pollicis muscle and the abductor digiti minimi muscle using electromyography AF-201P in rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block: a prospective comparative study.

Background: The AF-201P, a new electromyography (EMG)-based neuromuscular monitor has been developed recently. The aim of this clinical study was to compare two ulnar nerve innervated muscles: the adductor pollicis (AP) muscle and the abductor digiti minimi (ADM) muscle during the recovery from rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block by using EMG AF-201P.

Methods: Twenty patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia were enrolled in the study.

Midazolam exhibits antitumour and anti-inflammatory effects in a mouse model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Background: Anaesthesia and perioperative management contribute to long-term outcomes of patients with cancer, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. We assessed the antitumour, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects of midazolam on LSL-Kras;Trp53;Pdx-1 transgenic mice with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Methods: Six-week-old transgenic mice were administered midazolam 30 mg kg day p.

A Comparison Between the Adductor Pollicis Muscle Using TOF-Watch SX and the Abductor Digiti Minimi Muscle Using TetraGraph in Rocuronium-Induced Neuromuscular Block: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background: The commonly used acceleromyography (AMG)-based neuromuscular monitor TOF-Watch SX is no longer manufactured. Recently, a new portable electromyography (EMG)-based neuromuscular monitor TetraGraph was introduced in clinical anesthesia. The aim of the study was to compare the responses obtained simultaneously from the abductor digiti minimi (ADM) muscle with TetraGraph and the adductor pollicis (AP) muscle with TOF-Watch SX during rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block.

Plasma rocuronium concentration in cell salvage blood following cardiac surgery: a case series.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the plasma rocuronium concentration in autologous blood transfusion obtained from the cell salvage (CS) system following cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in a university teaching hospital from July to November 2020. Patients undergoing general anesthesia for cardiac surgery with CPB were enrolled in the study.

Extravascular leakage of induction doses of rocuronium: four cases in which both depth of neuromuscular block and plasma concentration of rocuronium were assessed.

The duration of action of extravasated rocuronium varies depending on the patient's comorbidities. In patients who receive high doses of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents subcutaneously, anesthesiologists should be aware of unexpected prolongation of the progress and recovery of neuromuscular block. In such cases, the depth and recovery of neuromuscular block should be objectively monitored to avoid residual neuromuscular block and recurarization.

Duloxetine improves cancer-associated pain in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer through stimulation of noradrenaline pathway and its antitumor effects.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis. Patients with inoperative PDAC require effective chemotherapy and pain control to increase their quality of life. We investigated whether duloxetine, a serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor, improves quality of life in a KPPC (LSL-Kras;Trp53;Pdx1-cre) mouse model of PDAC.

Potency estimation of sugammadex for the reversal of moderate rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block: a non-randomized dose-response study.

Purpose: There is no report investigating the precise potency of sugammadex for antagonizing various intensities of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ED of reversibility of sugammadex and reveal the safety factor of 2 mg/kg of sugammadex for moderate rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block.

Methods: Fifteen patients were enrolled in this study.

Efficiency of the TOF-Cuff™ for the evaluation of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block and its reversal with sugammadex: a comparative study vs. acceleromyography.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare TOF-Cuff™ (TOF-C) and TOF-Watch™ (TOF-W) data following rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block and its reversal with sugammadex.

Methods: Twenty elderly patients aged 68-82 years scheduled for surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled in this study. After induction of anesthesia, neuromuscular block resulting from administration of 0.

Effects of cardiac output on the onset of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block in elderly patients.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship between the onset of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block and arterial pressure-based cardiac output (CO) in elderly patients.

Methods: Forty elderly patients aged 65-83 years were enrolled in this study. After induction of anesthesia, contractions of the adductor pollicis muscle to ulnar nerve train-of-four stimulation were acceleromyographically evaluated and 1 mg/kg rocuronium was administered following CO measurement.

Onset of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block evaluated subjectively and accerelomyographically at the masseter muscle.

Purpose: The main aim of this study was to compare the onset times of rocuronium evaluated subjectively and by acceleromyography at the masseter muscle (MM).

Methods: Forty female patients were sequentially enrolled in this study. In the first 20 patients, neuromuscular block was evaluated subjectively.

Monitoring masseter muscle evoked responses enables faster tracheal intubation.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate whether monitoring neuromuscular block at the masseter muscle (MM) would allow faster tracheal intubation when compared with that at the adductor pollicis muscle (APM).

Methods: Twenty female patients undergoing gynecological surgery were enrolled into this study. Immediately after inducing anesthesia with fentanyl and propofol, both the left masseter and ulnar nerves were stimulated in a 2 Hz train-of-four (TOF) mode using peripheral nerve stimulators.

[Investigations into neostigmine-induced inhibition of neuromuscular transmission].

Background: Fade of the muscle contraction evoked by indirect tetanic nerve stimulation shows residual neuromuscular block. Anticholinesterases can reverse the partial block; however, they may also inhibit normal neuromuscular transmission and can cause fading responses by misuse of these drugs. The aim of this study is to investigate how neostigmine acts on normal neuromuscular function.

Duration of vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block can be predicted by change of skin temperature over the thenar muscles.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between skin temperature over the thenar muscles and the duration of action of vecuronium measured acceleromyographically at the thumb in anesthetized patients.

Methods: In 15 patients undergoing elective open abdominal surgery under propofol, fentanyl, and nitrous oxide anesthesia, train-of-four (TOF) stimuli were delivered over the ulnar nerve at 2 Hz every 15 s, and the degree of neuromuscular block was measured acceleromyographically at the thumb. Each patient received an intubating dose of vecuronium 0.