Publications by authors named "Osama Hamid"
Background: Biologics and oral small molecules (OSM) effectively treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but some are linked to higher risks of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and venous thromboembolism (VTE). This study evaluates the MACE and VTE risks in IBD patients treated with biologics or OSM.
Methods: Using the TrinNetX multi-institutional database, we examined MACE and VTE in adult IBD patients on biologics and compared them to IBD patients not on biologics.
Article Synopsis
- The study examined adverse events related to OVESCO® clips and cutters, focusing on data from the FDA's MAUDE database, covering reports from 2007 to 2024.
- Out of 42 reports, the majority were about OVESCO® clips, with the most common issues being failure to deploy and gastrointestinal perforation as a significant complication.
- The findings emphasize the importance of careful patient selection and monitoring after procedures, as well as the need for ongoing surveillance to ensure device safety and improve patient outcomes.
Article Synopsis
- In 2013, the SPIRIT group introduced guidelines to enhance reporting quality in randomized controlled trials (RCTs), specifically targeting studies on endoscopic colorectal cancer screening.
- A review of five RCTs showed adherence to SPIRIT guidelines between 82.4% to 92.2%, with significant gaps in trial registration and informed consent reporting.
- Overall, 37% of participants invited to screening actually underwent the procedure, highlighting discrepancies in protocol adherence, particularly with one trial showing notably lower rates.
Article Synopsis
- A study evaluated the impact of celiac disease (CD) on pregnancy outcomes using a large U.S. database of deliveries from 2015 to 2019.
- Researchers found that pregnant women with CD faced higher risks of complications like gestational hypertension and preeclampsia, and were less likely to have uncomplicated full-term deliveries.
- The babies of women with CD were also more likely to be small for their gestational age, indicating increased adverse effects on maternal and neonatal health.
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- Arthritis is a common complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and this study examines how IBD may be linked to gout, noting changes in uric acid metabolism associated with the condition.
- Researchers analyzed a large database of patients across the US, identifying those with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) who also had gout, revealing significant associations between IBD types and gout occurrence.
- The findings indicate that both CD and UC are linked to higher gout risk, particularly in patients who've undergone intestinal resection, suggesting that new arthritis symptoms in IBD patients should prompt gout testing.
Article Synopsis
- The study examines the safety and efficacy of cold snare endoscopic mucosal resection (CS-EMR) specifically for removing nonampullary duodenal adenomas, responding to a growing interest in this technique.
- After reviewing six studies involving 178 polyps, results reveal a high technical success rate of 95.8% and a recurrence rate of 21.2%, indicating that CS-EMR effectively removes these adenomas with manageable risks.
- The analysis also shows that CS-EMR has a significantly lower risk of delayed bleeding compared to conventional EMR, suggesting that CS-EMR may be a preferable method, though further research is needed to confirm these findings.
Introduction And Objectives: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a severe form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that can progress to liver cirrhosis, liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is the second leading cause of liver transplant in the US. We aim to investigate the prevalence, demographics and risk factors NASH patients in the US.
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- Lactose intolerance (LI) is a condition that usually develops in later life when the lactase enzyme is deficient, and this study aimed to investigate its association with colon cancer (CCa) and gastric cancer (GC) using a large database from 2004 to 2014.
- A cross-sectional analysis of over 71 million patients found that those with LI were generally older, more female, more likely to be obese, and had lower alcohol consumption compared to those without LI.
- Results indicated that while LI patients showed slightly lower rates of CCa and GC, these findings were not statistically significant, suggesting the need for further research on the topic.
Article Synopsis
- The study examines the relationship between specific FcγR gene polymorphisms and the immune response to Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Saudi children, focusing on different patient groups (uncomplicated and severe malaria) and healthy controls.
- It found that certain genotypes, like FcγRIIa-R/R131, are significantly associated with severe malaria, while others, like FcγRIIIa-V/V176, may offer protection.
- Overall, the findings indicate that genetic variations in FcγR genes could influence the severity of malaria infections and the immune response in affected children.
Article Synopsis
- Redo mitral valve surgery has historically involved a median sternotomy, which is challenging and linked to higher perioperative mortality, but a shift towards minimally invasive techniques like right anterolateral mini-thoracotomy is being considered.
- A meta-analysis of seven observational studies (1,070 patients) evaluated outcomes comparing non-sternotomy and median sternotomy approaches, focusing on metrics like mortality, stroke, reoperations, and hospital stay.
- Results indicated that the mini-thoracotomy group had lower in-hospital mortality and shorter hospital stays compared to the median sternotomy group, suggesting that the mini-thoracotomy approach is a safe and effective option for redo mitral valve surgery.
Article Synopsis
- COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, disproportionately affects individuals with metabolic syndromes, such as type 2 diabetes and obesity, increasing their risk of complications.
- This study analyzed data from a large healthcare database to explore the link between metabolic syndrome components and COVID-19 prevalence among patients from 1999 to 2020.
- Findings revealed that patients with metabolic syndrome were significantly more likely to contract COVID-19, particularly among African Americans, those with hypertension, and obesity.
Should UK medical students complete a PhD during their undergraduate studies?
Adv Med Educ Pract
September 2018
Background: Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ), encoded by TNF-836 C/A (rs 1800630) and IFN-γ -1616 C/T (rs2069705) genes, are key immunological mediators that are believed to both play protective and pathological roles in malaria. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between TNF-836 C/A and IFN-γ-1616 C/T polymorphism and susceptibility to severe malaria in pregnant women.
Methods: A prospective cohort (cross-sectional) study was conducted in pregnant women attending the out-patient clinic in King Fahad Specialist Hospital in Jazan (KFSHJ), with a clinical diagnosis of malaria.
Background: Pregnant women remain are at an increased risk of malaria with primigravidae being at the highest risk. Genetic polymorphism of the Fc receptor IIa for immunologlobulin (Ig) G (FcγRIIa) determines IgG subclass binding. Protection against pregnancy-associated malaria (PAM) is associated with the production of IgG specific for apical membrane antigen-1 (AMA-1).
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