Does Indoxyl Sulfate Have a Role in Uremic Pruritus? A Laboratory and Interventional Study.

Background: Pruritus is a common complaint in patients with end-stage renal disease. Indoxyl sulfate (IS) is a tryptophan end metabolite extremely renal excreted. Activated charcoal can interfere with IS intestinal absorption.

Soluble Fibrinogen-like protein 2 plays a role in varicocele induced male infertility.

Varicocele is the most common cause of male infertility. Several theories have been proposed to explain how varicocele induces infertility. The role of epididymis in male infertility is not fully well established.