Altered Surrogate Markers of Inflammation in Perinatal HIV-Exposed Children with Caries.

Objective: Dental caries is associated with immunologic response, yet its association with hematologic parameters and inflammatory markers is unclear. This study aimed to examine the relationship between some surrogate markers of inflammation and dental caries in the context of perinatal exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 2 groups of children aged 4 to 11 y who were (1) HIV exposed but uninfected (HEU) and (2) HIV unexposed/uninfected (HUU) and recruited from HIV pediatric and child outpatient clinics, respectively, at a tertiary health facility in Nigeria.

HIV Infection and Exposure Increases Cariogenic Taxa, Reduces Taxonomic Turnover, and Homogenizes Spatial Differentiation for the Supragingival Microbiome.

Background: The oral microbiome comprises distinct microbial communities that colonize diverse ecological niches across the oral cavity, the composition of which are influenced by nutrient and substrate availability, host genetics, diet, behavior, age, and other diverse host and environmental factors. Unlike other densely populated human-associated microbial ecosystems (e.g.

Impact of perinatal HIV exposure and infection on salivary properties among Nigerian children.

Background: There is growing evidence that perinatal HIV infection and exposure affect salivary pH and flow rate in children in most parts of the world, but not against the background of caries and the African demographic. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of HIV infection as well as exposure on salivary properties and their influence upon the dental caries experience among school-aged children in Nigeria.

Method: This cross-sectional study assessed the salivary flow rates and salivary pH of HIV infected and exposed school-aged (4-11) children receiving care at a Nigerian tertiary hospital.

Supragingival mycobiome of HIV-exposed-but-uninfected children reflects a stronger correlation with caries-free-associated taxa compared to HIV-infected or uninfected children.

Globally, caries is among the most frequent chronic childhood disease, and the fungal component of the microbial community responsible is poorly studied despite evidence that fungi contribute to increased acid production exacerbating enamel demineralization. HIV infection is another global health crisis. Perinatal HIV exposure with infection are caries risk factors; however, the caries experience in the context of perinatal HIV exposure without infection is less clear.

Impact of HIV on the Oral Microbiome of Children Living in Sub-Saharan Africa, Determined by Using an Gene Fragment Metataxonomic Approach.

Children living with HIV have a higher prevalence of oral diseases, including caries, but the mechanisms underlying this higher prevalence are not well understood. Here, we test the hypothesis that HIV infection is associated with a more cariogenic oral microbiome, characterized by an increase in bacteria involved in the pathogenesis of caries. We present data generated from supragingival plaques collected from 484 children representing three exposure groups: (i) children living with HIV (HI), (ii) children who were perinatally exposed but uninfected (HEU), and (iii) unexposed and therefore uninfected children (HUU).

Prevalence and associated factors of enamel developmental defects among Nigerian children with perinatal HIV exposure.

To evaluate the prevalence and pattern of developmental defects of the enamel (DDE) and their risk factors among children born infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and those born to HIV-infected mothers compared with their unexposed counterparts (, children born to uninfected mothers). This was an analytic cross-sectional study evaluating the presence and pattern of distribution of DDE in three groups of school-aged children (age, 4-11 years) receiving care and treatment at a Nigerian tertiary hospital, comprising: (1) HIV-infected (HI) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) (n = 184), (2) HIV-exposed but uninfected (HEU) (n = 186) and (3) HIV-unexposed and uninfected (HUU) (n = 184). Data capture forms and questionnaires were used to record the children's medical and dental history based on clinical chart review and recall from their parents/guardians.

Recurrent Severe Burns Due to Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome.

Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) is one of the health outcomes of cannabis use that is showing an increase in the number of reported cases since it first emerged in the medical literature. It is a condition that is now frequently seen by many specialists, including consultation-liaison psychiatrists. CHS is a diagnosis of exclusion that is characterized by the presence of a prolonged history of daily cannabis use, cyclic episodes of nausea and vomiting, and frequent compulsive hot baths.

Dental caries and its association with the oral microbiomes and HIV in young children-Nigeria (DOMHaIN): a cohort study.

Background: This study seeks to understand better the mechanisms underlying the increased risk of caries in HIV-infected school-aged Nigerian children by examining the relationship between the plaque microbiome and perinatal HIV infection and exposure. We also seek to investigate how perinatal HIV infection and exposure impact tooth-specific microbiomes' role on caries disease progression.

Methods: The participants in this study were children aged 4 to 11 years recruited from the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH), Nigeria, between May to November 2019.

Corrigendum: Supporting Double Duty Caregiving and Good Employment Practices in Health Care Within an Aging Society.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.

Supporting Double Duty Caregiving and Good Employment Practices in Health Care Within an Aging Society.

Due to the aging society the number of informal caregivers is growing. Most informal caregivers are women working as nurses within a health organization (also labeled as double-duty caregiver) and they have a high risk of developing mental and physical exhaustion. Until now little research attention has been paid to the expectations and needs of double duty caregivers and the role of self-management in managing private-work balance.

An Open Time Perspective and Social Support to Sustain in Healthcare Work: Results of a Two-Wave Complete Panel Study.

Based on lifespan developmental psychology and psychosocial work characteristics theory, we examined longitudinal relations between calendar age, occupational time perspective, different types of job demands and job resources in relation to sustainable employability (i.e., work ability, vitality and employability) among healthcare workers in Netherlands ( = 1478).

Analysis of cases of rape as seen at the Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, North Central Nigeria.

Objective: Women are at a higher risk of being sexually harassed. There is a need to document the clinical findings of this crime and its outcome in order to improve the quality of care the victims receive.

Materials And Methods: Case notes of patients who presented with alleged rape at Jos University Teaching Hospital between January 2001 and December 2003 were retrieved and analyzed.