Exacerbation of virulence of multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli O104:H4 by subinhibitory concentrations of ampicillin.

Little is known about how subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics to which bacteria are resistant affect bacterial virulence. In this study, the effect of subinhibitory concentrations of ampicillin on the virulence of E. coli O104:H4 was analyzed.

[Benefits of home-based administration of palivizumab in high-risk groups].

Unlabelled: Palivizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), currently is indicated in groups at higher risk of developing severe RSV disease, such as extreme premature infants and patients with hemodynamically significant heart disease. In Chile, this strategy is guaranteed by Law 20850 (Ricarte Soto Law). Nevertheless, barriers to its administration included the need to transfer these labile patients and exposure to other users, with the risk of contagion in waiting rooms.

Different impact of chronic kidney disease in older patients with heart failure according to frailty.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and frailty are often present in older patients with heart failure (HF). Our aim was to evaluate the association of CKD and frailty in one-year mortality in a cohort of older (≥75 years) outpatients with HF METHODS: Our data come from the FRAGIC study ("impacto de la FRAGilidad y otros síndromes Geriátricos en el manejo clínico y pronóstico del paciente anciano ambulatorio con Insuficiencia Cardíaca"), a multicenter prospective registry conducted in 16 cardiology services in Spain which included ≥75 years outpatients with HF. Renal function was assessed according to CKD-EPI formula.

Higher order aberrations according to spherical, and astigmatic refractive errors in children.

Clinical Relevance: The results of this study present novel insights into the impact of spherical and astigmatic refractive errors on overall, corneal and internal aberrations and may provide a clear understanding of the emmetropisation process and the development of visual function.

Background: This study aimed to assess the association between overall, corneal and internal higher-order aberrations and the spherical and astigmatic components (magnitude and angle) of refractive error in a large sample of children.

Methods: A total of 311 children aged 7 - 8 years old were classified based on spherical equivalent refraction (myopic, emmetropic and hyperopic); magnitude of astigmatism (none, low and moderate); and angle of astigmatism (with-the-rule, against-the-rule and oblique).

The Relationship between Anxiety, Visual Function, and Symptomatology in University Students.

Mental health concerns have emerged at the university level, with the psychological well-being of students being increasingly affected. This cross-sectional study investigated the proportion of university students having anxiety, and its effects on their visual function and symptomatology. We included 41 students (26.

Comparison of the influence of alcohol and cannabis on the dynamics of the accommodative response.

Purpose: To assess and compare the changes produced by the two most commonly used substances, alcohol and cannabis, on accommodation dynamics.

Methods: A total of 38 young participants (19 females) were enrolled in the study. They were assigned to two groups: a cannabis group (N = 19) and an alcohol group.

Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in young adults with metastatic melanoma.

Background: The integration of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) for the treatment of melanoma has resulted in remarkable and durable responses. Given the potential role of immunosenescence, age may contribute to differential ICI efficacy and toxicity. While older patients have been studied in detail, outcomes from ICI in young patients (≤40 years) are not well characterised.

Molecular survey of selected viruses in Pudus () in Chile revealing first identification of caprine herpesvirus-2 (CpHV-2) in South American ungulates.

Viral diseases jeopardize the health of wildlife in Chile. However, this country lacks health surveillance programs that allow for defining preventive measures to tackle such diseases. The objective of this study was to determine the occurrence and the genetic diversity of pestivirus, herpesvirus and adenovirus in pudus from Chile.

Assessing the influence of cannabis and alcohol use on different visual functions: A comparative study.

This study aimed to assess and compare the influence of alcohol intake and cannabis smoking on different visual functions. A total of 64 young and healthy volunteers took part in the study. All undertook several randomised experimental sessions in which different visual functions, namely distance stereopsis, retinal straylight, visual discrimination capacity, and contrast sensitivity, were tested.

Comparison of the effects of alcohol and cannabis on visual function and driving performance. Does the visual impairment affect driving?

Background: Alcohol and cannabis are the most widely consumed psychoactive substances worldwide. This study compared the effects of alcohol and cannabis on visual function and driving performance, as well as self-perceived effects. Also, the relationship between visual effects under the influence and driving performance was studied.

Effect of interocular differences on binocular visual performance after inducing forward scattering.

Purpose: To assess binocular visual performance by means of binocular summation on visual function after inducing monocular forward scattering, and to study the influence of interocular differences on ocular parameters.

Methods: Seven young healthy subjects were recruited. Four Bangerter foils and five fog filters were used to induce monocular forward scattering.

Speed management across road environments of varying complexities and self-regulation behaviors in drivers with cataract.

Evidence suggests that drivers with cataract self-regulate their driving, but there is a lack of objective information. This study compared speed behavior in older drivers with and without cataract and how the parameter is influenced by road traffic complexity and driver characteristics. The study included 15 drivers with cataract and a control group of 20 drivers.

Self-Regulation of Driving Behavior Under the Influence of Cannabis: The Role of Driving Complexity and Driver Vision.

Objective: This study analyzed the self-regulation behaviors of drivers under the influence of cannabis and its relationship with road complexity and some driver traits, including visual deterioration.

Background: Cannabis is the illicit drug most often detected in drivers; its use results in significant negative effects in terms of visual function. Self-regulation behaviors involve the mechanisms used by drivers to maintain or reduce the risk resulting from different circumstances or the driving environment.

Dynamics of the accommodative response after smoking cannabis.

Purpose: Cannabis is the most widely consumed illicit drug worldwide. It has been suggested that cannabis could generate blurred vision during reading tasks. The goal of this study was to objectively assess the acute effects of smoking cannabis on the dynamics of ocular accommodation.

Changes in Visual Performance under the Effects of Moderate-High Alcohol Consumption: The Influence of Biological Sex.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes in visual functions under the effects of moderate-high breath alcohol concentrations (BrACs), and the influence of biological sex on visual deterioration, considering different factors. A total of 37 healthy habitual alcohol users were enrolled in the experiment. The participants underwent a baseline session and a second session after an intake of 450 mL of red wine, so that all of them reached a BrAC above 0.

Current Perspectives and Novel Strategies of -Mutant Melanoma.

Melanoma is the deadliest cutaneous cancer. Activating mutations in are found in 20% of melanomas. -mutant melanoma is more aggressive and, therefore, has poorer outcomes, compared to non--mutant melanoma.

Aggressive Driving Behaviours in Cannabis Users. The Influence of Consumer Characteristics.

This study analysed dangerous driving behaviours in twenty young occasional cannabis users through objective and self-reported data, studying the relationship between the two aspects. Visual function was assessed in a baseline session and after smoking cannabis, as well as speed-related behaviour in a driving simulator. The participants responded to questionnaires on sociodemographic factors, their consumption profile, and the incidence of dangerous behaviours (Dula Dangerous Driving Index; DDDI).