DNA methylation of serotonin genes as predictive biomarkers of antidepressant treatment response.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are frequently ineffective in treating depressive episodes and biomarkers are needed to optimize antidepressant treatment outcomes. DNA methylation levels of serotonin transporter (SLC6A4) and tryptophan hydroxylase 2 genes (TPH2) have been suggested to predict antidepressant clinical outcomes but their applicability remains uncertain. In this study, we: 1) evaluated SLC6A4/TPH2 methylation biomarker potential for predicting clinical outcomes after escitalopram treatment; 2) evaluated whether changes in SLC6A4/TPH2 methylation are informative of treatment mechanisms.

Opioid-Induced Constipation and Associated Symptoms After Orthopedic Trauma.

Purpose: Opioid-induced constipation is an adverse effect often experienced among patients taking prescription opioid medication. Despite frequent opioid prescribing after orthopedic injury, there is a dearth of research examining opioid-induced constipation presentations in this population. This analysis examines the frequency of opioid-induced constipation manifestations and association with patient-reported outcomes among participants prescribed opioid medication following orthopedic injury.

Dental restoration operative time and analysis of the internal gap of conventional resins (Incremental Technique) vs. Bulk Fill (Single-Increment Technique): study.

Background: To determine the operative time and the internal restoration gap in the restoration-tooth interface in the cavity floor using an incremental technique for conventional resins and the single-increment technique for the bulk fill resin.

Material And Methods: In this experimental study, the internal gaps of the restoration-tooth interfaces in the cavity floors of two conventional resins and two bulk fill resins were microscopically analyzed, and the restoration times of the single-increment technique and the incremental technique were determined.

Results: Bulk fill resins had smaller internal gap (63.

Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of aggressive behaviour: a longitudinal population-based study.

Background: Human aggression is influenced by an interplay between genetic predisposition and experience across the life span. This interaction is thought to occur through epigenetic mechanisms, inducing differential gene expression, thereby moderating neuronal cell and circuit function, and thus shaping aggressive behaviour.

Methods: Genome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) levels were measured in peripheral blood obtained from 95 individuals participating in the Estonian Children Personality Behaviours and Health Study (ECPBHS) at 15 and 25 years of age.

Crystal structure of a trigonal polymorph of aqua-dioxidobis(pentane-2,4-dionato-κ ,')uranium(VI).

The title compound, [UO(acac)(HO)] consists of a uran-yl(VI) unit ([O=U=O]) coordinated to two monoanionic acetyl-acetonate (acac, CHO) ligands and one water mol-ecule. The asymmetric unit includes a one-half of a uranium atom, one oxido ion, one-half of a water mol-ecule and one acac ligand. The coordination about the uranium atom is distorted penta-gonal-bipyramidal.

Haploinsufficiency of the Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Risk Gene in Mice Causes Alterations in Cognition and Expression of Genes Involved in Myelination and Sialylation.

Genome wide association meta-analysis identified , a gene encoding the beta-galactosidase-alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase-III, as a risk gene for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Although loss-of-function mutations in are implicated in non-syndromic autosomal recessive intellectual disability (NSARID) and West syndrome, the impact of haploinsufficiency on brain function and the pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), such as ADHD, is unknown. Since null mutant mice display severe developmental delay and neurological deficits, we investigated the effects of partial inactivation of in heterozygous (HET) knockout ( ) mice on behavior as well as expression of markers linked to myelination processes and sialylation pathways.

Stress-induced aggression in heterozygous TPH2 mutant mice is associated with alterations in serotonin turnover and expression of 5-HT6 and AMPA subunit 2A receptors.

Background: The contribution of gene-environment interactions that lead to excessive aggression is poorly understood. Environmental stressors and mutations of the gene encoding tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (TPH2) are known to influence aggression. For example, TPH2 null mutant mice (Tph2-/-) are naturally highly aggressive, while heterozygous mice (Tph2+/-) lack a behavioral phenotype and are considered endophenotypically normal.

Streptozotocin Impairs Proliferation and Differentiation of Adult Hippocampal Neural Stem Cells -Correlation With Alterations in the Expression of Proteins Associated With the Insulin System.

Rats intracerebroventricularily (icv) treated with streptozotocin (STZ), shown to generate an insulin resistant brain state, were used as an animal model for the sporadic form of Alzheimer's disease (sAD). Previously, we showed in an study that 3 months after STZ icv treatment hippocampal adult neurogenesis (AN) is impaired. In the present study, we examined the effects of STZ on isolated adult hippocampal neural stem cells (NSCs) using an approach.

1,2,4,5-Benzenetetracarboxylic acid: a versatile hydrogen bonding template for controlling the regioselective topochemical synthesis of head-to-tail photodimers from stilbazole derivatives.

The crystal engineering of hydrogen bonded organic assemblies based on 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid (H4bta) and stilbazole derivatives (1-10) is exploited to provide regio-controlled [2 + 2] photocycloadditions in the solid state. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses have revealed that all the arrays are built-up from the self-assembly of the (H2bta)2- dianion with two stilbazolium cations via O-HO- and N+-HO- charge-assisted H-bonding synthons: (4-Hstilbazolium+)2(H2bta2-). The dianion displays an interesting diversity of H-bonding motifs.

[Evaluation of antimicrobial consumption in a Neonatology Unit: a team work to promote the rational use of antibiotics].

Background: Antibiotics (ATB) are drugs widely used in hospitalized newborns. The indiscriminate use of ATBs promote the rise of resistant bacteria to the most commonly indicated antimicrobials. In addition, ATB prescription presents associations to morbidity, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, late sepsis and even death.

Interactions of a prenylated flavonoid from Dalea elegans with fluconazole against azole- resistant Candida albicans.

Background: The prenylated flavonoid 2', 4'-dihydroxy-5'-(1'″, 1'″-dimethylallyl)-8-prenylpinocembrin (8PP, formerly 6PP) shows antifungal activity, inhibits rhodamine 6G efflux and reverses fluconazole (FCZ) resistance in azole-resistant Candida albicans overexpressing cdr1, cdr2 and mdr1 transporters.

Purpose And Design: In this paper, we tried to characterize 8PP in vitro interactions on the cell growth and lethality of C. albicans.

Differential effects of prenatal stress in female 5-HTT-deficient mice: towards molecular mechanisms of resilience.

Prenatal stress (PS) exposure is known to increase the risk of developing emotional disorders like major depression in later life. However, some individuals do not succumb to adversity following developmental stress exposure, a phenomenon referred to as resilience. To date, the molecular mechanisms explaining why some subjects are vulnerable and others more resilient to PS are far from understood.

A new semisynthetic derivative of sauroine induces LTP in hippocampal slices and improves learning performance in the Morris Water Maze.

Two semisynthetic acetyl derivatives of the alkaloid sauroine from Huperzia saururus, monoacetyl sauroine, and diacetyl sauroine (DAS) were obtained and their chemical structures were analyzed by NMR. While monoacetyl sauroine is the typical product of acetylation, DAS is an unexpected derivative related to the keto-enol formation of sauroine. Recordings of field excitatory post-synaptic potentials from the CA1 region of rat hippocampal slices showed that only DAS acutely applied induced chemical long-term potentiation (LTP) in a dose-dependent manner with an EC50 of 1.

Usefulness of adalimumab in the treatment of refractory uveitis associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy and safety of adalimumab in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and associated refractory uveitis.

Design: Multicenter, prospective case series.

Methods: Thirty-nine patients (mean [SD] age of 11.

Nitrosylation: an adverse factor in Uremic Hemolytic Syndrome. Antitoxin effect of Ziziphus mistol Griseb.

Toxins of Escherichia coli (STEC) causing Uremic Hemolytic Syndrome (UHS) generate oxidative stress in human blood with more production of nitric oxide (NO) than reactive oxygen species (ROS). Shiga toxin (Stx) together with the hemolysin (Hly) increased lipid oxidation, as evaluated by malondialdehyde MDA and oxidation of proteins. The addition of Ziziphus mistol Griseb extracts decreased NO, ROS, MDA and simultaneously caused an increase in the degradation of oxidized proteins to advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) in controls and samples with toxins.

A prenylated flavanone from Dalea elegans inhibits rhodamine 6 G efflux and reverses fluconazole-resistance in Candida albicans.

In previous studies, 2',4'-dihydroxy-5'-(1''',1'''-dimethylallyl)-6-prenylpinocembrin, a prenylated flavonoid isolated from Dalea elegans roots, showed activity against multiresistant Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, as well as an uncoupling effect on mitochondria and antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effects of 2',4'-dihydroxy-5'-(1''',1'''-dimethylallyl)-6-prenylpinocembrin and fluconazole on the efflux of rhodamine 6 G in azole-resistant C. albicans 12-99 that expresses multidrug transporters Cdr1p, Cdr2p, and Mdr1p.

Treatment of refractory uveitis with adalimumab: a prospective multicenter study of 131 patients.

Objective: To evaluate adalimumab therapy in refractory uveitis.

Design: Prospective case series.

Participants: A total of 131 patients with refractory uveitis and intolerance or failure to respond to prednisone and at least 1 other systemic immunosuppressive drug participated.

Differential effects of prenatal stress in 5-Htt deficient mice: towards molecular mechanisms of gene × environment interactions.

Prenatal stress (PS) has been shown to influence the development of the fetal brain and to increase the risk for the development of psychiatric disorders in later life. Furthermore, the variation of human serotonin transporter (5-HTT, SLC6A4) gene was suggested to exert a modulating effect on the association between early life stress and the risk for depression. In the present study, we used a 5-Htt×PS paradigm to investigate whether the effects of PS are dependent on the 5-Htt genotype.

Mutational analysis of the connexin 36 gene (CX36) and exclusion of the coding sequence as a candidate region for catatonic schizophrenia in a large pedigree.

The murine connexin 36 gene (Cx36) encodes a gap-junction channel protein which is preferentially expressed in brain and retina. The human orthologue CX36 is located on chromosome 15q14, a region recently shown to contain a susceptibility gene for hereditary catatonic schizophrenia. Therefore, CX36 was considered as a positional candidate for mutational analysis.

Novel 5'-regulatory region polymorphisms of the 5-HT2C receptor gene: association study with panic disorder.

Candidate genes for association studies in panic disorder are often selected on the basis of molecular mechanisms of drugs utilized in challenge tests such as m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP), a non-selective 5-HT2C receptor agonist. Two novel, adjacent polymorphisms [(GT)12-18 and (CT)4-5] in the 5'-regulatory region of the X-chromosomal 5-HT2C receptor gene have recently been reported. We determined the allele frequency of long vs.