Development and Characterization of Trihexyphenidyl Orodispersible Minitablets: A Challenge to Fill the Therapeutic Gap in Neuropediatrics.

Trihexyphenidyl (THP) has been widely used for over three decades as pediatric pharmacotherapy in patients affected by segmental and generalized dystonia. In order to achieve effective and safe pharmacotherapy for this population, new formulations are needed. The aim of this work is the development of trihexyphenidyl orodispersible minitablets (ODMTs) for pediatric use.

18F-DCFPyL PET/MRI Radiomics for Intraprostatic Prostate Cancer Detection and Metastases Prediction Using Whole-Gland Segmentation.

Objectives: To evaluate 18F-DCFPyL-PET/MRI whole-gland-derived radiomics for detecting clinically significant (cs) prostate cancer (PCa) and predicting metastasis.

Methods: Therapy-naïve PCa patients who underwent 18F-DCFPyL PET/MRI were included. Whole-prostate-segmentation was performed.

First-line immune-based combinations or sunitinib in favorable-risk metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a real-world retrospective comparison from the ARON-1 study.

Introduction: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common types of urogenital cancer. The introduction of immune-based combinations, including dual immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) or ICI plus tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), has radically changed the treatment landscape for metastatic RCC, showing varying efficacy across different prognostic groups based on the International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium (IMDC) criteria.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective multicenter study, part of the ARON-1 project, aimed to evaluate the outcomes of favorable-risk metastatic RCC patients treated with immune-based combinations or sunitinib.

The stability of PCV2 virus-like particles from mammalian cells and challenges for biotechnological applications.

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is a highly damaging pathogen for pig farming, causing significant economic losses. Despite the availability of vaccines based on different technologies, the virus steadily infects the world's pig population. In this context, virus-like particles (VLPs) constitute appealing alternatives for vaccine development as they lack the viral genome but present intact external surfaces.

The reliability of a ball-tipped probe for detection of breached versus non-breached pedicle drill tracts in the thoracolumbar and lumbar spine of a canine large breed cadaveric model.

Background: Spinal stabilization in dogs is challenging, and improper implant placement can result in significant morbidity. Objectives were to evaluate reliability of a ball-tipped probe for detection of breached versus non-breached pedicle drill tracts in a canine large breed cadaveric model. CT scans obtained from T6 to sacrum.

Roles of MRI evaluation of pelvic recurrence in patients with rectal cancer.

Developments in the multidisciplinary treatment of rectal cancer with advances in preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), surgical techniques, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, and adjuvant chemotherapy have had a significant impact on patient outcomes, increasing the rates of curative surgeries and reducing pelvic recurrence. Patients with pelvic recurrence have worse prognoses, with an impact on morbidity and mortality. Although local recurrence is more frequent within 2 years of surgical resection of the primary tumor, late recurrence may occur.

Combination of FDG PET/CT radiomics and clinical parameters for outcome prediction in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Purpose: The purposes was to build model incorporating PET +  computed tomography (CT) radiomics features from baseline PET/CT + clinical parameters to predict outcomes in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphomas.

Methods: Cohort of 138 patients with complete clinical parameters and follow up times of 25.3 months recorded.

F-Fluoroazomycin Arabinoside (FAZA) PET/MR as a Biomarker of Hypoxia in Rectal Cancer: A Pilot Study.

Tumor hypoxia is a negative prognostic factor in many tumors and is predictive of metastatic spread and poor responsiveness to both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. To assess the feasibility of using F-Fluoroazomycin arabinoside (FAZA) PET/MR to image tumor hypoxia in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) prior to and following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). The secondary objective was to compare different reference tissues and thresholds for tumor hypoxia quantification.

CXCR4-Targeted PET Imaging in Hematologic Malignancies: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Purpose: The aims of this study were to perform a comprehensive review and meta-analyses and to report pooled diagnostic results on CXCR4-targeted PET, particularly considering detection, visualization, and prognostication.

Patients And Methods: This study followed PRISMA-DTA. A systematic search was conducted on major medical literature databases up to March 1, 2024.

Cross comparison of alternative diagnostic protocols including substitution to the clinical sample, RNA extraction method and nucleic acid amplification technology for COVID-19 diagnosis.

Background: the gold-standard diagnostic protocol (GSDP) for COVID-19 consists of a nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) sample processed through traditional RNA extraction (TRE) and amplified with retrotranscription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Multiple alternatives were developed to decrease time/cost of GSDP, including alternative clinical samples, RNA extraction methods and nucleic acid amplification. Thus, we carried out a cross comparison of various alternatives methods against GSDP and each other.

Value of Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI for Grade Group Prediction in Prostate Cancer: A Radiomics Pilot Study.

Rationale And Objectives: To determine the role of dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI-radiomics in predicting the International Society of Urological Pathology Grade Group (ISUP-GG) in therapy-naïve prostate cancer (PCa) patients.

Materials And Methods: In this ethics review board-approved retrospective study on two prospective clinical trials between 2017 and 2020, 73 men with suspected/confirmed PCa were included. All participants underwent multiparametric MRI.

Gait Training Interventions for Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability: A Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis.

Objective: This review aimed to determine if gait training interventions influence lower extremity biomechanics during walking in individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI).

Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and MEDLINE to identify English-language studies from inception through September 2022. Eligible studies included randomized control trials, repeated measures design, and descriptive laboratory studies measuring the effects during or following a gait training intervention on biomechanical outcomes (kinematics, kinetics, electromyography) during walking in individuals with CAI.

Frailty Is More Predictive of Mortality than Age in Patients With Hip Fractures.

Objectives: To investigate the association between the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment-based Frailty Index and adverse outcomes in older adult patients undergoing hip fracture surgery.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Academic Level 1 Trauma Center.

Predictive [F]-FDG PET/CT-Based Radiogenomics Modelling of Driver Gene Mutations in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Rationale And Objectives: To investigate whether [F]-FDG PET/CT-derived radiomics may correlate with driver gene mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Materials And Methods: In this IRB-approved retrospective study, 203 patients with surgically treated NSCLC who underwent subsequent genomic analysis of the primary tumour at our institution between December 2004 and January 2014 were identified. Of those, 128 patients (mean age 62.

Gastro-Esophageal Cancer: Can Radiomic Parameters from Baseline F-FDG-PET/CT Predict the Development of Distant Metastatic Disease?

We aimed to determine if clinical parameters and radiomics combined with sarcopenia status derived from baseline F-FDG-PET/CT could predict developing metastatic disease and overall survival (OS) in gastroesophageal cancer (GEC). Patients referred for primary staging who underwent F-FDG-PET/CT from 2008 to 2019 were evaluated retrospectively. Overall, 243 GEC patients (mean age = 64) were enrolled.

Feasibility and accuracy of intraosseous endoscopy for inspection of thoracolumbar and lumbar pedicle drill tracts in a canine large-breed cadaveric model.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of endoscopic inspection of thoracolumbar and lumbar pedicle tracts in a canine large-breed model and its accuracy for the detection of breached versus nonbreached tracts.

Animals: 2 greyhound cadavers.

Methods: CT scans of 2 greyhound cadavers from the sixth thoracic vertebra to the sacrum were obtained.

Brazil-TNT: A Randomized Phase 2 Trial of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Followed by FOLFIRINOX Versus Chemoradiation for Stage II/III Rectal Cancer.

Background: Neoadjuvant radiation and oxaliplatin-based systemic therapy (total neoadjuvant therapy-TNT) have been shown to increase response and organ-preservation rates in localized rectal cancer. However, trials have been heterogeneous regarding treatment protocols and few have used a watch-and-wait (WW) approach for complete responders. This trial evaluates if conventional long-term chemoradiation followed by consolidation of FOLFIRINOX increases complete response rates and the number of patients managed by WW.

The [F]F-FDG PET/CT Radiomics Classifier of Histologic Subtypes and Anatomical Disease Origins across Various Malignancies: A Proof-of-Principle Study.

We aimed to investigate whether [F]F-FDG-PET/CT-derived radiomics can classify histologic subtypes and determine the anatomical origin of various malignancies. In this IRB-approved retrospective study, 391 patients (age = 66.7 ± 11.

An International Expert-Based Consensus on the Definition of a Clinical Near-Complete Response After Neoadjuvant (Chemo)radiotherapy for Rectal Cancer.

Background: A variety of definitions for a clinical near-complete response after neoadjuvant (chemo) radiotherapy for rectal cancer are currently used. This variety leads to inconsistency in clinical practice, long-term outcome, and trial enrollment.

Objective: The aim of this study was to reach expert-based consensus on the definition of a clinical near-complete response after (chemo) radiotherapy.