Growth and differentiation factor-15: A link between inflammaging and cardiovascular disease.

Age-related disorders are closely linked to the accumulation of senescent cells. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) sustains and progresses chronic inflammation, which is involved in cellular and tissue dysfunction. SASP-related growth and differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is an immunoregulatory cytokine that is coupled to aging and thus may have a regulatory role in the development and maintenance of atherosclerosis, a major cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Association of growth and differentiation factor-15 with coronary artery calcium score and ankle-brachial index in a middle-aged and elderly Caucasian population sample free of manifest cardiovascular disease.

Growth and differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is a stress-associated cytokine of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily. The inflammatory and angiogenic effects of GDF-15 in atherosclerosis are controversial, and its correlation with the long asymptomatic phase of the disease is not well understood. Coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and ankle-brachial index (ABI) are sensitive markers of subclinical atherosclerosis.

Investigation of the Antitumor Effects of Tamoxifen and Its Ferrocene-Linked Derivatives on Pancreatic and Breast Cancer Cell Lines.

Tamoxifen is a long-known anti-tumor drug, which is the gold standard therapy in estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer patients. According to previous studies, the conjugation of the original tamoxifen molecule with different functional groups can significantly improve its antitumor effect. The purpose of this research was to uncover the molecular mechanisms behind the cytotoxicity of different ferrocene-linked tamoxifen derivates.

The effects of mouthwashes in human gingiva epithelial progenitor (HGEPp) cells.

Objectives: The gingiva epithelium accounts for a significant proportion of the surface around the tooth. An inflammatory reaction occurs in the presence of bacterial biofilm, adhesion is reduced, and the depth of the sulcus gingivalis increases. The most common antiseptic agents in oral rinses are chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) and cetylpyridinium chloride.

Level of advanced oxidation protein products is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis.

Background: Oxidative stress is an important factor in the pathomechanism of atherosclerosis. Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) are considered markers of oxidative stress. Thickening of the carotid intima-media layers indicates subclinical atherosclerosis and can be detected by carotid ultrasound.

Effect of dental antiseptic agents on the viability of human periodontal ligament cells.

Objectives: We aimed to study whether or not various dental antiseptic agents affect the viability and proliferation of human periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs).

Materials And Methods: Human PDLCs were isolated from a total of 10 surgically extracted impacted third molars and were.cultured .

The Synergistic Activity of Bortezomib and TIC10 against A2058 Melanoma Cells.

Combination antitumor treatments are essential parts of modern tumor therapy as-compared to monotherapies-(i) they are more effective; (ii) the dose of the compounds can be reduced; and (iii) therefore the side effects are improved. Our research group previously demonstrated the antitumor character of bortezomib (BOZ) in A2058 melanoma cells. Unfortunately, dose-related side effects are common during BOZ therapy, which could be prevented by reducing the dose of BOZ.

Comparative study of hyperpure chlorine dioxide with two other irrigants regarding the viability of periodontal ligament stem cells.

Objectives: Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) have an underlined significance as their high proliferative capacity and multipotent differentiation provide an important therapeutic potential. The integrity of these cells is frequently disturbed by the routinely used irrigative compounds applied as periodontal or endodontic disinfectants (e.g.

Alpha-lipoic acid alters the antitumor effect of bortezomib in melanoma cells in vitro.

Bortezomib (BOZ) is a proteasome inhibitor chemotherapeutic agent utilized to treat multiple myeloma and recently offered to cure melanoma. Bortezomib-induced neuropathy is one of the dose-limiting side-effects, which can be treated with antioxidants (e.g.

Amphiphilic drug-peptide-polymer conjugates based on poly(ethylene glycol) and hyperbranched polyglycerol for epidermal growth factor receptor targeting: the effect of conjugate aggregation on in vitro activity.

Numerous peptide-drug conjugates have been developed over the years to enhance the specificity and selectivity of chemotherapeutic agents for tumour cells. In our present work, epidermal growth factor receptor targeting drug-peptide conjugates were prepared using GE11 and D4 peptides. To ensure the drug release, the cathepsin B labile GFLG spacer was incorporated between the targeting peptide and the drug molecule (daunomycin), which significantly increased the hydrophobicity and thereby decreased the water solubility of the conjugates.

Functional and cell surface characteristics of periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) on RGD-synthetic polypeptide conjugate coatings.

Background And Objective: Periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) are an important source for periodontal tissue healing and regeneration. Proper cell adhesion is a key for survival of anchorage-dependent cells and also initiates further intracellular signals for essential cellular functions. We aimed to test 3 different synthetic conjugates with integrin-binding RGD sequence (SAK-c[RGDfC], AK-c[RGDfC], and SAK-opn on the adhesion of human PDLCs and subsequent events including proliferation, migration, behavior of cell surface molecules, and osteogenic differentiation.

Cell physiological effects of glass ionomer cements on fibroblast cells.

The cytotoxicity of glass ionomer cements (GICs) was investigated using a novel, cost-effective, easy-to-perform and standardized test. GIC rings were made using in-house designed, custom-made moulds under sterile conditions; 10 with Fuji Equia and 10 with Fuji Triage capsules, placed in direct contact with primary human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and immortalized human fibroblasts (HFF1). On day 1, 4, 14 and 21, an AlamarBlue® (resazurin) assay was completed towards determining the effects of the GICs on metabolic activities of the cells, whilst cell morphology was examined by light microscopy.

Blood flow kinetics of a xenogeneic collagen matrix following a vestibuloplasty procedure in the human gingiva-An explorative study.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate temporal and spatial blood flow patterns following vestibuloplasty procedures using a collagen matrix (CM) to get an insight into the timing and direction of neovascularization in the CM.

Methods: Five patients were treated using a modified apically repositioned flap combined with a CM. Intraoral photographs and blood flow measurements by laser speckle contrast imaging were taken for 12 months.

A novel hydrogel scaffold for periodontal ligament stem cells.

Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) possess extensive regeneration potential. However, their therapeutic application demands a scaffold with appropriate properties. HydroMatrix (HydM) is a novel injectable peptide nanofiber hydrogel developed recently for cell culture.

Ferrocene-Containing Impiridone (ONC201) Hybrids: Synthesis, DFT Modelling, In Vitro Evaluation, and Structure⁻Activity Relationships.

Inspired by the well-established clinical evidence about the interplay between apoptotic TRAIL (tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) mechanism and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress, a set of novel ONC201 hybrids containing the impiridone core and one or two differently positioned ferrocenylalkyl groups were synthesised in our present work. These two types of residues have been implicated in the aforementioned mechanisms associated with cytotoxic activity. A straightforward, primary amine-based synthetic approach was used allowing the introduction of a variety of -substituents into the two opposite regions of the heterocyclic skeleton.

Author Correction: The impact of circulating preeclampsia-associated extracellular vesicles on the migratory activity and phenotype of THP-1 monocytic cells.

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.

Drug targeting to decrease cardiotoxicity - determination of the cytotoxic effect of GnRH-based conjugates containing doxorubicin, daunorubicin and methotrexate on human cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells.

Cardiomyopathy induced by the chemotherapeutic agents doxorubicin and daunorubicin is a major limiting factor for their application in cancer therapy. Chemotactic drug targeting potentially increases the tumor selectivity of drugs and decreases their cardiotoxicity. Increased expression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors on the surface of tumor cells has been reported.

The impact of circulating preeclampsia-associated extracellular vesicles on the migratory activity and phenotype of THP-1 monocytic cells.

Intercellular communication via extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their target cells, especially immune cells, results in functional and phenotype changes that consequently may play a significant role in various physiological states and the pathogenesis of immune-mediated disorders. Monocytes are the most prominent environment-sensing immune cells in circulation, skilled to shape their microenvironments via cytokine secretion and further differentiation. Both the circulating monocyte subset distribution and the blood plasma EV pattern are characteristic for preeclampsia, a pregnancy induced immune-mediated hypertensive disorder.

Label-free profiling of cell dynamics: A sequence of impedance-based assays to estimate tumor cell invasiveness in vitro.

Dynamic properties of cancer cells, most notably their ability to migrate, have been correlated successfully with their invasive nature in vivo. To establish a stronger experimental basis for such a correlation we subjected five different cancer cell lines of well-defined metastatic potential to a sequence of three independent assays reporting on three different aspects of cell dynamics, namely (1) the kinetics of cell spreading, (2) cell shape fluctuations, and (3) cell migration. The sequentially applied assays correspond to different measuring modes of the well-established ECIS technique that is based on non-invasive and label-free impedance readings of planar gold-film electrodes that serve as the growth substrate for the cells under study.

Impedimetric Analysis of the Effect of Decellularized Porcine Heart Scaffold on Human Fibrosarcoma, Endothelial, and Cardiomyocyte Cell Lines.

BACKGROUND Experiments on porcine heart scaffold represent significant assays in development of immunoneutral materials for cardiac surgery. Characterization of cell-cell and cell-scaffold interactions is essential to understand the homing process of cardiac cells into the scaffolds. MATERIAL AND METHODS In the present study, the highly sensitive and real-time impedimetric technique of xCELLigence SP was used to monitor cell adhesion, which is the key process of recellularization in heart scaffolds.

Metastasis-associated S100A4 is a specific amine donor and an activity-independent binding partner of transglutaminase-2.

Transglutaminase-2 (TG2) is best known as a Ca(2+)-dependent cross-linking enzyme; however, some of its extracellular matrix-related functions are independent of its catalytic activity and include matrix remodelling, adhesion and migration. S100A4 belongs to the Ca(2+)-binding EF-hand S100 protein family and acts both intra- and extra-cellularly through binding to various partners. It regulates cell migration and its overexpression is strongly associated with metastasis and poor survival in various cancers.

Effect of vasoactive peptides in Tetrahymena: chemotactic activities of adrenomedullin, proadrenomedullin N-terminal 20 peptide (PAMP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP).

Adrenomedullin (AMD), proadrenomedullin N-terminal 20 peptide (PAMP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were studied for chemotaxis, chemotactic selection and G-actin/F-actin transition in Tetrahymena. The aim of the experiments was to study the effects of two different peptides encoded by the same gene compared to a peptide related to one of the two, but encoded by a different gene, at a low level of phylogeny. The positive, chemotactic effect of ADM and the strong negative, chemorepellent effect of PAMP suggest that in Tetrahymena, the two peptides elicit their chemotactic effects via different signalling mechanisms.

Chemotactic effect of mono- and disaccharides on the unicellular Tetrahymena pyriformis.

Chemotaxis is one of the most essential cell physiological responses, which was developed in parallel the molecular evolution of signal molecules. Previously good correlations were found between chemotactic moieties and physicochemical properties (SEA, solubility, pKa) of peptide type ligands in Tetrahymena model. However, references are rather weak in eukaryotic chemotaxis about significance of simple carbohydrates.

Effect of SXWS/WSXWS peptides on chemotaxis and adhesion of the macrophage-like cell line J774.

WSXWS motif is a conserved amino acid sequence that is present in type I cytokine receptors. This motif that can be found both in the ligand binding chains and signal transducer molecule of the receptors with different amino acids at the position "X" plays a role in the receptor folding, ligand binding and signal transduction as well. Structural analysis proved that WSEWS motif of IL-6R is located in a highly accessible location in the protein.

Vacuum ultraviolet photolysis of diclofenac and the effects of its treated aqueous solutions on the proliferation and migratory responses of Tetrahymena pyriformis.

The effects of dissolved O2, phosphate buffer and the initial concentration of diclofenac on the vacuum ultraviolet photolysis of this contaminant molecule were studied. Besides kinetic measurements, the irradiated, multicomponent samples were characterized via the proliferation and migratory responses (in sublethal concentrations) of the bioindicator eukaryotic ciliate Tetrahymena pyriformis. The results suggest that hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen atoms and hydroperoxyl radicals may all contribute to the degradation of diclofenac.