Molecular basis for shifted receptor recognition by an encephalitic arbovirus.

After decades of inactivity throughout the Americas, western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV) recently re-emerged in South America, causing a large-scale outbreak in humans and horses. WEEV binds protocadherin 10 (PCDH10) as a receptor; however, nonpathogenic strains no longer bind human or equine PCDH10 but retain the ability to bind avian receptors. Highly virulent WEEV strains can also bind the very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) and apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (ApoER2) as alternative receptors.

Iatrogenic gas embolism in a juvenile loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta).

A mild pneumocoelom was diagnosed by computed tomography in a stranded juvenile loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta). After gas extraction by ultrasound-guided puncture, the animal did not improve and was subjected to hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). After HBOT, the turtle developed marked subcutaneous emphysema and was found dead the following morning.

Increased Body Mass Index Correlates with Less Favorable Postoperative Outcomes After Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with high morbidity. Hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) has become a novel (neuro-) surgical treatment strategy for obstructive sleep apnea, demonstrating good success rates. Beyond predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, no precise data are available, enabling individual preoperative risk assessment.

Enteric tube position on preoperative radiographs predicts clinical outcomes in neonatal congenital diaphragmatic hernia with and without prenatal diagnosis.

Objective: Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) is diagnosed prenatally in ~60% of cases. Prenatal measures typically guide management and prognostication. Simple postnatal prognosticators are needed when prenatal diagnosis is lacking.

-associated lesions in stranded loggerhead sea turtles ().

, an opportunistic bacterial pathogen belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae, has been sporadically reported in sea turtles. Here, the authors describe 3 unusual lesions associated with infection in 3 loggerhead sea turtles stranded on the coast of Gran Canaria Island, Spain. It is possible that these 3 distinct lesions played a major role in the death of these turtles.

Macro and microplastic intake in seafood variates by the marine organism's feeding behaviour: Is it a concern to human health?

Seafood is considered one of the healthiest sources of food intake for humans, mainly because of its high protein content. However, oceans are among the most polluted environments, and microplastics have been widely reported to be ingested, absorbed or bioaccumulated by marine organisms. The different feeding behaviour may contribute to infer the amounts of microplastic particles accidently intake by marine organisms.

Minimally invasive adnexa-sparing surgery for benign ovarian and paratubal masses in children.

Background: The precision of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) to resect benign ovarian and paratubal masses while preserving adnexa in children is unclear. This study evaluated the integrity of laparoscopy to spare adnexa while resecting benign pathologies in children.

Methods: The institutional pathology database was queried to identify patients aged 18 years and younger having any ovarian or tubal lesion resected at a comprehensive children's hospital between 2006 and 2021.

Multiple Distinct Neoplasms in a North African Hedgehog (Atelerix algirus).

This paper describes the clinical and pathological features of 4 different tumors, located in the integumentary, digestive, and endocrine systems, presenting in a North African hedgehog (Atelerix algirus). A 3.5-year-old female hedgehog was presented with a cutaneous mass on the right flank.

Histopathological description of iridophoromas resembling skin nodule syndrome in Siamese fighting fish Betta splendens.

Intensive breeding of the Siamese fighting fish Betta splendens, a species that inhabits marshlands in Thailand and other countries in south-east Asia, was traditionally focused on game fighting because the males are very territorial, but has evolved to become mainly devoted to ornamental purposes. Recently, a preliminarily named 'skin nodule syndrome' (SNS) has been described affecting this fish species in Thailand, with multiple bacterial infections suggested, including 4 species of Mycobacterium spp., although the etiology remains elusive.

Parasitological findings in the invasive California kingsnake () in Gran Canaria, Spain.

The California kingsnake (Lampropeltis californiae), native to North America, is a significant threat to the conservation of endemic species in the Spanish Macaronesian island of Gran Canaria. However, its role disseminating potential invasive parasites, such as zoonotic pentastomids, has not been proven. Among its parasitic fauna, only protistans have been documented, in contrast to other Lampropeltis spp.

Postmortem investigations on leatherback sea turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) stranded in the Canary Islands (Spain) (1998-2017): Evidence of anthropogenic impacts.

Opportunities for postmortem studies on leatherback sea turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) are infrequent due to their predominantly pelagic life history. In this study, the pathological findings and causes of mortality of 13 leatherback turtles stranded in the Canary Islands, Spain, from 1998 to 2017, are described. In addition, concentrations of Se, As, Cd, Pb, Hg, 15 rare earth elements (REE) and other 4 minor elements (ME), 41 persistent organic pollutants, and 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in hepatic samples from 5 leatherbacks were determined.

Anatomic Interactive Atlas of the Loggerhead Sea Turtle () Head.

The head of the sea turtle is susceptible to congenital, developmental, traumatic, and infectious disorders. An accurate interpretation and thorough understanding of the anatomy of this region could be useful for veterinary practice on sea turtles. The purpose of this study was to develop an interactive two-dimensional (2D) atlas viewing software of the head of the loggerhead sea turtle () using images obtained via osteology, gross dissections, and computed tomography (CT).

Lesions Observed Post Mortem in Post-hatchling Loggerhead Sea Turtles (Caretta caretta) from a Head Start Programme.

Head start programmes are ex-situ conservation procedures consisting of the captive rearing of sea turtle hatchlings for several months in order to avoid high mortality rates in the first year of life. Studies of the diseases of hatchling and post-hatchling turtles belonging to these programmes are scarce. We describe the gross and histological lesions found in 78 post-hatchling loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) that died during captive rearing in the conservation programme of the Cape Verde-Canary Islands, initiated with 113 hatchlings.

Anatomic Study of the Elbow Joint in a Bengal Tiger () Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Gross Dissections.

The objective of our research was to describe the normal appearance of the bony and soft tissue structures of the elbow joint in a cadaver of a male mature Bengal tiger () scanned via MRI. Using a 0.2 Tesla magnet, Spin-echo (SE) T1-weighting, and Gradient-echo short tau inversion recovery (GE-STIR), T2-weighting pulse sequences were selected to generate sagittal, transverse, and dorsal planes.

Mortality associated with ingestion of sea urchins in loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta): A case series.

Aims: The aims of this study were: a) to describe the pathological and laboratory findings in a case series of stranding and mortality associated with ingestion of large amounts of sea urchins in loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta), and b) to alert veterinarians and biologists involved in sea turtle conservation of this cause of stranding and/or death.

Methods: The six loggerheads studied were stranded on the coasts of Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain, between 2008 and 2015. Post mortem studies included pathological, microbiological, and sea urchin species identification procedures.

Pharmacokinetics of meloxicam during multiple oral or intramuscular dose administration to African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus).

OBJECTIVE To determine the pharmacokinetics of meloxicam in African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus) during administration of multiple doses. ANIMALS 6 healthy African grey parrots. PROCEDURES Meloxicam was administered at each of 3 dosages (1 mg/kg, IM, q 24 h, for 7 days; 1 mg/kg, PO, q 24 h, for 12 days; and 1.

FERLAVIRUS-RELATED DEATHS IN A COLLECTION OF VIPERID SNAKES.

Between June and October 2013, 26 snakes of six viperid species kept in two adjoining rooms died ( n = 16) or were euthanized on medical (1) or welfare grounds (9). Two were from the main zoo collection, but the other 24 had been imported and quarantined for a minimum of 6 mo. Four of those that died and the single snake euthanized on medical grounds showed minor signs of respiratory disease prior to death, and five were weak, lethargic, and/or poor feeders.

Immunohistochemical staining patterns of alpha-keratins in normal tissues from two reptile species: implications for characterization of squamous cell carcinomas.

Background: Cytokeratins with epitopes in common with those of alpha (acidic and basic) mammalian keratins have been immunohistochemically demonstrated in the epidermis of reptiles. However, there are no reports of immunohistochemical staining patterns of alpha-keratins in other tissues from reptiles. Because the epithelial tumours usually retain the keratin patterns of their normal epithelial origin, it is necessary to know in advance these patterns in the major normal epithelia and organs.

Pulmonary artery twisting during lung transplantation.

To the radiologist, complications of lung transplant are believed to occur along a time continuum, which is key given the nonspecific clinical and imaging findings. Pulmonary artery twisting in the immediate and early postoperative period is a known complication of transplantation, but receives relatively little attention. Early recognition is paramount due to the high morbidity and mortality of such a complication.

Supplemental feeding and other anthropogenic threats to green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in the Canary Islands.

Green turtles are found in the waters of the Canary Islands but little is known about the ecology and anthropogenic pressures that threaten them. Our results have revealed that juvenile green turtles, ranging in curve carapace length from 26.9-81.

Morphologic and Cytochemical Characteristics of the Blood Cells of the Yellow-Bellied Slider (Trachemys scripta scripta).

The increasing prevalence of yellow-bellied sliders (Trachemys scripta scripta) as pets in the European Union and also its utilization as animal models for experimental purposes makes crucial an accurate classification of their blood cells. The aim of this work was to provide a morphologic classification based on the cytochemical characteristics of the blood cells of 15 yellow-bellied sliders. Cytochemical stains included benzidine peroxidase, chloroacetate esterase, alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase (with and without sodium fluoride), acid phosphatase (with and without tartaric acid), Sudan black B, periodic acid-Schiff and toluidine blue.

A long-term retrospective study on rehabilitation of seabirds in Gran Canaria Island, Spain (2003-2013).

Aims: The aims of this study were to analyze the causes of morbidity and mortality in a large population of seabirds admitted to the Tafira Wildlife Rehabilitation Center (TWRC) in Gran Canaria Island, Spain, from 2003 to 2013, and to analyze the outcomes of the rehabilitation process.

Methods: We included 1,956 seabirds (133 dead on admission and 1,823 admitted alive) in this study. Causes of morbidity were classified into nine categories: light pollution (fallout), fishing gear interaction, crude oil, poisoning/intoxication, other traumas, metabolic/nutritional disorder, orphaned young birds, other causes, and unknown/undetermined.

Wild Birds, Frequent Carriers of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Escherichia coli of CTX-M and SHV-12 Types.

To get a better insight into the role of birds as reservoirs of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and plasmidic AmpC β-lactamase (pAmpC) Escherichia coli producers, 100 fecal samples belonging to 15 different wild avian species from Northern Spain were analyzed. Cefotaxime-resistant (CTX) E. coli isolates were identified in 16 of the 100 tested birds, which corresponded to 9 animal species (Gyps fulvus-griffon vulture, Larus michahellis-yellow-legged gull, Milvus migrans-black kite, Milvus milvus-red kite, Ciconia ciconia-white stork, Sturnus unicolor-spotless starling, Aquila chrysaetos-golden eagle, Cuculus canorus-common cuckoo, Tyto alba-barn owl).