Upslope plant species shifts in Mesoamerican cloud forests driven by climate and land use change.

Global change drives biodiversity shifts worldwide, but these shifts are poorly understood in highly diverse tropical regions. In tropical mountains, plants are mostly expected to migrate upslope in response to warming. To assess this, we analyze shifts in elevation ranges of species in Mesoamerican cloud forests using three decades of species' occurrence records.

Multimodal Biomedical Signal Acquisition Setup to Assess Chronic Pain in Older Adults With Alzheimer's Disease.

Chronic pain often goes unrecognized and untreated in individuals with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD), mainly due to limited capacity to verbalize pain. Addressing this issue requires the development of reliable objective biomarkers for pain. In the present pilot study, we explored the feasibility and acceptability of using a wearable electroencephalograph (EEG) and a screen-based eye tracker system to identify neural signatures of chronic pain in this population.

Multinational evaluation of genetic diversity indicators for the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.

Under the recently adopted Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, 196 Parties committed to reporting the status of genetic diversity for all species. To facilitate reporting, three genetic diversity indicators were developed, two of which focus on processes contributing to genetic diversity conservation: maintaining genetically distinct populations and ensuring populations are large enough to maintain genetic diversity. The major advantage of these indicators is that they can be estimated with or without DNA-based data.

Macroevolution of the plant-hummingbird pollination system.

Plant-hummingbird interactions are considered a classic example of coevolution, a process in which mutually dependent species influence each other's evolution. Plants depend on hummingbirds for pollination, whereas hummingbirds rely on nectar for food. As a step towards understanding coevolution, this review focuses on the macroevolutionary consequences of plant-hummingbird interactions, a relatively underexplored area in the current literature.

Distal supports, capabilities, and growth-focused recovery: A comparison of Housing First and the staircase continuum of care.

Adults who have substantial histories of homelessness and complex support needs may feel ambivalent about integrating into their communities and find it difficult to do so. Being familiar to and recognized by others as a resident in a neighborhood or community are sources of "distal support" that provide individuals with feelings of belonging to their community and are important to recovery from homelessness. We hypothesized that individuals engaged with Housing First (HF) programs would report more distal support than individuals engaged with traditional homeless services (treatment as usual, TAU), and that distal support would predict more community integration, growth-related recovery, and achieved capabilities.

Using Digital Tools to Study the Health of Adults Born Preterm at a Large Scale: e-Cohort Pilot Study.

Background: Preterm birth is a global health concern. Its adverse consequences may persist throughout the life course, exerting a potentially heavy burden on families, health systems, and societies. In high-income countries, the first children who benefited from improved care are now adults entering middle age.

Psychometric properties of the measure of achieved capabilities in homeless services.

Background: Purposeful participation in personally meaningful life tasks, enjoyment of positive reciprocal relationships, and opportunities to realize one's potential are growth-related aspects of a meaningful life that should be considered important dimensions of recovery from homelessness. The extent to which homeless services support individuals to achieve the capabilities they need to become who they want to be and do what they want to do is, in turn, an important indicator of their effectiveness. In this study, we developed a measure of achieved capabilities (MACHS) for use in homeless services settings, and assessed its construct and concurrent validity.

Sex-specific flower resource use in hummingbird communities.

Research Highlight: Maglianesi, M. A., Maruyama, P.

Life course of retrospective harmonization initiatives: key elements to consider.

Optimizing research on the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) involves implementing initiatives maximizing the use of the available cohort study data; achieving sufficient statistical power to support subgroup analysis; and using participant data presenting adequate follow-up and exposure heterogeneity. It also involves being able to undertake comparison, cross-validation, or replication across data sets. To answer these requirements, cohort study data need to be findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR), and more particularly, it often needs to be harmonized.

Women's Experiences of Immigration Detention in Italy: Examining Immigration Procedural Fairness, Human Dignity, and Health.

Recent decades have witnessed a growing number of states around the world relying on border control measures, such as immigration detention, to govern human mobility and control the movements of those classified as "unauthorised non-citizens." In response to this, an increasing number of scholars from several disciplines, including psychologists, have begun to examine this phenomenon. In spite of the widespread concerns raised, few studies have been conducted inside immigration detention sites, primarily due to difficulties in gaining access.

Transcriptional Basis for Haustorium Formation and Host Establishment in Hemiparasitic Mistletoes.

The mistletoe , a keystone species in interaction networks between plants, pollinators, and seed dispersers, infects a wide range of native and non-native tree species of commercial interest. Here, using RNA-seq methodology we assembled the whole circularized quadripartite structure of chloroplast genome and described changes in the gene expression of the nuclear genomes across time of experimentally inoculated seeds. Of the 140,467 assembled and annotated uniGenes, 2,000 were identified as differentially expressed (DEGs) and were classified in six distinct clusters according to their expression profiles.

Examining life in detention: A process of survey translation and adaptation through an ecological and collaborative approach.

This paper illustrates the process we engaged in to translate and adapt a survey to examine life in an immigration detention center in Italy from the perspective of the migrants detained therein. The process consisted of: the forward translation of the original measure performed by four independent translators; a blind backward translation to identify misinterpretations or incorrect cross-cultural and contextual adaptations; a synthesis of all translations to obtain a semifinal version; the creation of an Expert Committee composed of scholars, practitioners, and migrants with experience of detention to assess equivalence and content validity; and, finally, pretesting with a group of 15 detained persons. Through this multi-step process we obtained a measure capable of grasping the context-specific meanings, needs and experiences that characterize life in detention.

The Achieved Capabilities Questionnaire for Community Mental Health (ACQ-CMH): A consumer-based measure for the evaluation of community mental health interventions.

The capabilities approach offers a multidimensional, ecological, and agent-centered framework that may inspire models of intervention and evaluation. A growing number of measures grounded on the capabilities approach for outcome measurement are appearing. Regarding community mental health, new consumer-valued measures-constructed in collaboration with consumers-are here considered crucial for a transformative shift.

Clinical Decisions in Pediatric Psoriasis: A Practical Approach to Systemic Therapy.

Deciding when to start and selecting a specific systemic treatment for pediatric psoriasis patients can be a complex process involving many factors. Considerations include type of psoriasis, severity, potential genetic etiologies, comorbidities, triggering events and characteristics unique to each patient. The constellation of clinical features and drug related factors may prompt selection of a specific agent.

Using a modified version of photovoice in a European cross-national study on homelessness.

This study proposes an innovative use of a modified version of photovoice for cross-national qualitative research that allows participants to express their ideas, experiences, and emotions about a topic through photographic language. We examine factors affecting social service providers' work on people experiencing homelessness in Europe. We highlight five advantages of using photovoice in cross-national research: visual language, methodological flexibility, participatory data analysis, the bottom-up process, and the promotion of social change.

Non-operative treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis with neurogenic claudication: an updated systematic review.

Objectives: Neurogenic claudication due to lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a growing health problem in older adults. We updated our previous Cochrane review (2013) to determine the effectiveness of non-operative treatment of LSS with neurogenic claudication.

Design: A systematic review.

Development of a data classification system for preterm birth cohort studies: the RECAP Preterm project.

Background: The small sample sizes available within many very preterm (VPT) longitudinal birth cohort studies mean that it is often necessary to combine and harmonise data from individual studies to increase statistical power, especially for studying rare outcomes. Curating and mapping data is a vital first step in the process of data harmonisation. To facilitate data mapping and harmonisation across VPT birth cohort studies, we developed a custom classification system as part of the Research on European Children and Adults born Preterm (RECAP Preterm) project in order to increase the scope and generalisability of research and the evaluation of outcomes across the lifespan for individuals born VPT.

Anogenital warts and relationship to child sexual abuse: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background/objectives: In children, distinguishing anogenital warts (AGW) acquired innocently from those acquired by child sexual abuse (CSA) is challenging. High-quality studies examining this relationship are sparse. Here, we sought to evaluate the association between AGW and sexual abuse in children 12 years of age and younger with respect to wart location, age, and gender.

Non-Surgical Interventions for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Leading To Neurogenic Claudication: A Clinical Practice Guideline.

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) causing neurogenic claudication (NC) is increasingly common with an aging population and can be associated with significant symptoms and functional limitations. We developed this guideline to present the evidence and provide clinical recommendations on nonsurgical management of patients with LSS causing NC. Using the GRADE approach, a multidisciplinary guidelines panel based recommendations on evidence from a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews published through June 2019, or expert consensus.

Forbidden links, trait matching and modularity in plant-hummingbird networks: Are specialized modules characterized by higher phenotypic floral integration?

Background: Plant-pollinator mutualistic networks show non-random structural properties that promote species coexistence. However, these networks show high variability in the interacting species and their connections. Mismatch between plant and pollinator attributes can prevent interactions, while trait matching can enable exclusive access, promoting pollinators' niche partitioning and, ultimately, modularity.

Differential reproductive responses to contrasting host species and localities in Psittacanthus calyculatus (Loranthaceae) mistletoes.

Host trees are immediate environments for multi-host mistletoes, so parasitizing different hosts implies exposure to varying environmental conditions between mistletoe generations. Therefore, to maximize reproductive fitness in heterogeneous environments (host species) mistletoes should adjust its reproductive responses in relation to circumstances. Here, we ask how reproductive traits of Psittacanthus calyculatus mistletoes vary on two host tree species (Crataegus mexicana, Prunus serotina) at three different localities.

Factors Associated with Providers' Work Engagement and Burnout in Homeless Services: A Cross-national Study.

The complexity of homeless service users' characteristics and the contextual challenges faced by services can make the experience of working with people in homelessness stressful and can put providers' well-being at risk. In the current study, we investigated the association between service characteristics (i.e.

Improving adherence to an online intervention for low mood with a virtual coach: study protocol of a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Background: Internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (iCBT) is more effective when it is guided by human support than when it is unguided. This may be attributable to higher adherence rates that result from a positive effect of the accompanying support on motivation and on engagement with the intervention. This protocol presents the design of a pilot randomized controlled trial that aims to start bridging the gap between guided and unguided interventions.