Association between vertebral artery dominance and basilar artery curvature in migraineurs: an anatomical magnetic resonance imaging study.

Background And Purposes: Numerous studies demonstrate a link between cerebrovascular alterations and migraine pathogenesis. We investigated the association between migraine and vertebral artery dominance (VAD), basilar artery (BA) curvature, and elongation.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional MRI study included 74 migraine patients and 74 control subjects aged between 18 and 55 years.

Evaluation of femoral condyle volumes in patients with trochlear dysplasia: a pilot study.

Aim: To examine the volumes of the medial and lateral femoral condyles and the trochlear groove, and to determine their relationship with trochlear dysplasia.

Materials And Methods: Computed tomography images of the knees of 21 patients with trochlear dysplasia and 18 healthy individuals were analysed retrospectively. According to the modified Dejour classification, the degree of trochlear dysplasia was recorded, such as type A trochlea being low-grade dysplasia and types B, C, and D trochlea being high-grade dysplasia.

Can volumetric analysis of the brain help diagnose isolated optic neuritis?

Isolated optic neuritis is a single episode inflammatory optic neuropathy. This condition, which affects the optimal function of the optic nerve, is not associated with neurological or systemic diseases. Our study aimed to compare patients with isolated optic neuritis and normal healthy individuals in terms of the cerebrum, cerebellum and hippocampus volumes by using the "volBrain Online MRI Brain Volumetry System" program.

Proximal Tibiofibular Joint Arthrodesis Due to Recurrent Giant Ganglion Cyst Causing Peroneal Nerve Palsy.

Ganglion cysts are masses that we encounter frequently in our daily practice, usually in the upper extremity, less frequently in the lower extremities, and rarely cause compression symptoms. We present a case of a massive ganglion cyst of the lower limb causing peroneal nerve compression, managed with excision and proximal tibiofibular joint arthrodesis to prevent recurrence. Examination and radiological imaging of a 45-year-old female patient who was admitted to our clinic showed new-onset weakness in right foot movements and numbness on the dorsum of the foot and lateral cruris, a mass consistent with a ganglion cyst expanding the muscle was detected in the peroneus longus muscle.

Re-evaluation of the symptoms of Hirayama disease through anatomical perspective.

Hirayama disease is a rare disease of the anterior horn motor neuron caused by compression of the cervical spinal cord when the neck is flexed. Cervical myelopathy may accompany the disease. It is characterized by symmetrical or asymmetrical muscle weakness and atrophy of muscles innervated by lower cervical and upper thoracic motor neurons.

Radiological evaluation of patellofemoral instability and possible causes of assessment errors.

Patellofemoral instability (PI) is the disruption of the patella's relationship with the trochlear groove as a result of abnormal movement of the patella. To identify the presence of PI, conventional radiographs (anteroposterior, lateral, and axial or skyline views), magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography are used. In this study, we examined four main instability factors: Trochlear dysplasia, patella alta, tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove distance, and patellar tilt.

The relationship between patellar volume and trochlear volume in patients with patellofemoral instability.

Aim: To investigate a possible relationship between both the volume and morphology of the patella and the volume of the trochlea in trochlear dysplasia (TD).

Materials And Methods: Eighteen patients with TD and 18 controls were evaluated retrospectively in two groups using computed tomography (CT). Patellar morphology was evaluated with the standard measurement methods described in the literature.

Ultrasonographic Applications in the Thorax.

Rapid developments and increasing technological knowledge have changed perspectives on ultrasonography. Previously, ultrasonography was used to evaluate chest wall pathologies, to distinguish between pleural effusion and consolidation, to evacuate pleural effusion, or to evaluate diaphragm movement. Today, it is also used in a wide range of pleural and parenchymal diseases.

Association of echocardiographic parameters with chest computed tomography score in patients with COVID-19 disease.

Purpose: Although coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) primarily affects the pulmonary system, the involvement of the heart has become a well-known issue. Pulmonary CT plays an additive role in the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. We aimed to investigate the association of echocardiographic indices with pulmonary CT scores and mortality in COVID-19 patients.

Postpartum stress fracture of bilateral tibia: A case report.

Stress fractures are overuse injuries of the bone characterized by a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) finding of the fracture line with bone marrow edema. Clinical findings are tenderness and persistent pain. It is usually related to repetitive stresses.

The Comparison of Piriform Aperture, Paranasal Sinuses, and Cranial Dimensions.

Objective: Piriform aperture, paranasal sinuses, and the cranium dimensions were compared with each other and we investigated the alterations depending on the age and gender in these structures. Before the endoscopic sinus surgery, anatomic variations in sinusoidal region and the occurring differences should be considered. The detection of these variations plays important roles in the prevention of complications which may happen in surgery or in obtaining a successful surgical result.

Gluteoperinealis muscle: a surgically important variation.

Background: Anatomical variations are common in gluteal region. This report presents two cases of gluteoperinealis muscles detected during radiological imaging.

Case Presentation: Our study was conducted on two patients.

Morphometric Analysis of Sphenoid Sinus in Patients With Nasal Septum Deviation.

This retrospective study aimed to assess the association of the volume and types of the sphenoid sinus with deviated nasal septum by analyzing multislice computed tomography images. A total of 93 patients with a deviated nasal septum and 70 healthy controls were included in the study. Patients with sinonasal morbidities other than deviation were excluded.

Evaluation of normal tibial tubercle to trochlear groove distance in adult Turkish population.

Purpose: Many studies have confirmed the significance of tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TTTG) distance measurement for the preoperative assessment of tibial tubercle osteotomy and refixation of the patients that need surgery. TTTG distance is being used as threshold value for surgery decision. The purpose is to determine the TTTG values for the adult Turkish population and compare this with the values of other studies and establish a possible index.

Effects of varying entry points and trendelenburg positioning degrees in internal jugular vein area measurements of newborns.

Background: Recent guidelines from the National Institute for Clinical Excellence recommend the use of ultrasonography in the central venous catheterization of children. In this study, we aimed to compare area measurements using ultrasonography and efficiency of varying Trendelenburg degrees on the area measurements, for two different entry points used as internal jugular vein (IJV) cannulation points in newborns.

Methods: Fifty-eight healthy newborns, weighing between 3000 and 3500 g, were recruited for this prospective study.

Comparison of the Trendelenburg position versus upper-limb tourniquet on internal jugular vein diameter.

Background: Central venous cannulation is a necessary invasive procedure for fluid management, haemodynamic monitoring and vasoactive drug therapy. The right internal jugular vein (RIJV) is the preferred site. Enlargement of the jugular vein area facilitates catheterization and reduces complication rates.

A rare congenital liver anomaly: Hypoplasia of left hepatic lobe.

Morphologic anomalies of liver, as opposed to many other visceral organs, are very rare. Hypoplasia or agenesis of left lobe of the liver is defined as the absence of liver tissue on the left side of liver without previous disease or surgery. It is usually an incidental finding revealed by imaging exams or during abdominal surgery.

Importance of sonographic paratracheal lymph node evaluationin early autoimmune thyroiditis.

Background/aim: To review the sonographic views of paratracheal lymph nodes (PLNs) in the diagnosis and during different stages of autoimmune thyroiditis.

Materials And Methods: Features of the PLNs (left and right), thyroid sonography, and laboratory data were investigated in 126 cases. Patients were divided into three groups by using thyroid sonographic criteria in the literature (group 1: control, group 2: early-stage/indeterminate, group 3: definite thyroiditis).

A retrospective analysis on the correlation between hip pain, physical examination findings, and alpha angle on MR images.

Background: We aimed to search whether alpha angle, a radiological clue used in the diagnosis of femoroacetabular impingement, is correlated with the presence of hip pain, internal rotation angle, and impingement test results on hip impingement patients (CAM type).

Methods: Medical records of 334 patients (156 women, 178 men) with an average age of 33.8 ± 8.

Retention during capsule endoscopy: Is it a real problem in routine practice?

Objective: This study evaluated the risks and outcomes of capsule retention during capsule endoscopy (CE) for investigating small bowel disease. Capsule retention is the most serious complication of CE.

Methods: Before CE, the gastrointestinal tract was evaluated for blockages with computerized tomography.

Anticoagulant and vasodilator therapy for Nicolau syndrome following intramuscular benzathine penicillin injection in a 4 year old boy.

Nicolau syndrome (NS) is a rare complication of intramuscular, intraarticular or subcutaneous injection of particular drugs leading to ischemic necrosis of the surrounding skin, soft tissue and muscular tissue. Benzathine penicilin one of the most widely used antibiotic for upper respiratory tract infections and has been rarely reported to cause NS. Here we describe a 4 year old boy with diagnosis of NS after the injection of benzathine penicillin who was successfuly treated with unfractionized heparin (enoxaparine) and pentoxifylline.

What is the impact of capsule endoscopy in the long term period?

Aim: To assess the clinical impact of capsule endoscopy (CE) in the long-term follow-up period in patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB).

Methods: One hundred and forty-one patients who applied CE for OGIB between 2009 and 2012 were retrospectively analyzed, and this cohort was then questioned prospectively. Demographic data of the patients were determined via the presence of comorbid diseases, use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs anticoagulant-antiaggregant agents, previous diagnostic tests for bleeding episodes, CE findings, laboratory tests and outcomes.

Importance of Delphian Lymph Node Evaluation in Autoimmune Thyroiditis: Fact or Fiction?

Background: Our main objective was to evaluate the association between autoimmune thyroiditis and the Delphian lymph node during different stages of thyroiditis.

Material/methods: The relationships between the ultrasonography (US) results of thyroiditis and characteristics of the Delphian lymph node in different stages of AT were evaluated. Thyroid hormone and antibody levels were assessed.