Characteristics of trans and non-binary children and adolescents who attended a tertiary hospital.

Introduction. The trans population in Argentina represents 0.43%.

Kidney transplant to vesicostomy: A safe strategy for children with end stage renal disease and lower urinary tract anomalies.

Introduction: Resolution of underlying urinary tract anomalies prior to kidney transplantation in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) secondary to uropathy, has been historically supported under the argument that this would help prevent infectious complications and graft loss. We propose to perform earlier kidney transplantation with a transient vesicostomy, deferring resolution of the uropathy to the post-transplantation period. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of kidney transplantation in children with a vesicostomy.

Reflectance adaptive optics findings in a patient with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease.

Purpose: To describe the reflectance adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO) findings in different stages of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease and correlate them to visual gain post treatment. Confocal (cAOSLO) and non-confocal split-detector AOSLO (sdAOSLO) were used to assess longitudinally the status of the photoreceptors in a patient with VKH managed on corticosteroid and immunomodulatory therapy.

Observation: A 32-year-old Japanese American female presented with a 2-week history of blurred vision in both eyes (OU) and worsening headache previously diagnosed as a case of VKH and treated with high dose oral prednisone.

Utilisation of composite endpoint outcome to assess efficacy of tocilizumab for non-infectious uveitis in the STOP-Uveitis Study.

Background/aims: To use a composite endpoint scoring system in assessing efficacy of two doses of intravenous tocilizumab (TCZ), in eyes with non-infectious uveitis.

Methods: Data from STOP-Uveitis Study (a phase 2 multicentre, randomised, interventional clinical trial), where monthly intravenous infusions of 4 mg/kg (Group 1) or 8 mg/kg (Group 2) TCZ until month 6 (M6) were administered, were used. Efficacy was ascertained by a composite endpoint scoring system consisting of: (1) visual acuity; (2) intraocular inflammation; (3) central retinal thickness; (4) posterior segment inflammation on fluorescein angiographic and (5) steroid taper.

Correlation of Clinical Aqueous Flare Grading to Semi-Automated Flare Measurements Using Laser Flare Photometry.

Purpose: To compare laser flare photometry (LFP) measurements of aqueous flare with Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) and modified SUN grading.

Methods: In this prospective study with multicenter design, uveitis patients were classified according to SUN and modified SUN grading scales. LFP was performed with Kowa FM-700 flaremeter.

Importance of Doppler ultrasound in vaginal foreign body: case report and review of the literature.

The aim of this paper is to describe the distinctive ultrasound findings of a case of vaginal bleeding caused by the presence of a foreign body. We present the case of an infant who consulted for vaginal bleeding and foul-smelling discharge. The ultrasound revealed signs of vaginal distension due to heterogeneous-hematic contents and parietal thickening.

Laparoscopic Upper-pole Heminephrectomy for the Management of Duplex Kidney: Outcomes of a Multicenter Cohort.

Objective: To analyze the outcomes of patients undergoing upper-pole heminephrectomy surgery and to assess the different variables that may have an impact on outcome, specifically regarding morbidity and the need for further surgeries.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study of patients who underwent laparoscopic upper-pole heminephrectomy for a nonfunctional moiety between August 2007 and December 2019 was conducted at 3 centers. A total of 130 patients met the inclusion criteria.

Correlation between Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness and Anterior Segment Inflammation in Patients with Chronic Stage of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease.

Purpose: To correlate changes in subfoveal choroidal thickness (SCT) with the degree of anterior inflammatory activity in chronic Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease.

Methods: Anterior segment inflammation was assessed using SUN anterior chamber cell grading criteria, and SCT was measured using EDI-OCT in patients with VKH at multiple visits. ANOVA was used to compare the mean SCT for each anterior chamber cell grade.

Management of the Disrupted Airway in Children.

Objective: Our objective was to gather data that would enable us to suggest more specific guidelines for the management of children with airway disruption.

Study Design: Retrospective case series with data from five tertiary medical centers.

Methods: Children younger than 18 years of age with a disrupted airway were enrolled in this series.

Safety of systemic therapy for noninfectious uveitis.

: The treatment strategies for noninfectious uveitis (NIU) aim to achieve disease remission, prevention of recurrences, and preserving vision, while minimizing the side effects associated with the therapies used.: The index review aims to provide a detailed overview of the adverse events and safety parameters associated with the systemic therapies for the management of the NIU.: Despite being the cornerstone of management of acute cases of NIU, long-term corticosteroid use is associated with multi-system side effects, requiring the use of steroid-sparing agents.

Spectral optical coherence tomography findings in an adult patient with syphilitic bilateral posterior uveitis and unilateral punctate inner retinitis.

Purpose: To describe the spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) features of a punctate inner retinitis, a rare ocular manifestation of syphilis, in an HIV positive adult patient.

Observations: In the right eye, SD-OCT images during the active period showed hyperreflectivity of the full thickness of the inner retina, precluding the individualization of the layers. In addition, multifocal areas with higher hyperreflectivity were identified within the affected retina.

New therapies in development for the management of non-infectious uveitis: A review.

Uveitis is a spectrum of inflammatory disorders characterized by ocular inflammation and is one of the leading causes of preventable visual loss. The main aim of the treatment of uveitis is to control the inflammation, prevent recurrences of the disease and preserve vision while minimizing the adverse effects associated with the therapeutic agents. Initial management of uveitis relies heavily on the use of corticosteroids.

Acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinopathy: An infectious or autoimmune disease?

Purpose: To report a case of acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinopathy (ASPPC) that demonstrated partial resolution with immunosuppressive therapy secondary to a misdiagnosis as Behçet's disease followed by a relapse which was successfully treated with the appropriate treatment.

Observations: A 34-year-old female patient presented to our service with complaints of decreased vision in the left eye (OS). She initially developed similar symptoms seven months prior to presentation and was diagnosed as Behçet's disease based on the clinical picture of papillitis, vasculitis and placoid chorioretinitis in the posterior pole of OS.

Results of Treatment of Grades IV and V Vesicoureteral Reflux with Endoscopic Injection of Polyacrylate Polyalcohol Copolymer.

Purpose: Here we report the results of a review of a prospectively maintained database of the use polyacrylate polyalcohol copolymer (PPC) injection to correct grades IV and V VUR.

Materials And Methods: All children with grades IV and V primary VUR that presented with febrile urinary tract infection while on prophylaxis, in a 3-year period, were treated with a sub-ureteral injection of PPC. Institutional ethical approval was obtained.

Simplified surgical approach to congenital megaprepuce: fixing, unfurling and tailoring revisited.

Purpose: Megaprepuce is a congenital penile malformation that includes phimosis and severe ballooning of the internal prepuce. We combined the main technical details of 2 previously reported surgical techniques to simplify the surgical approach. We report the key points of this revisited surgical correction for megaprepuce and the long-term results.

New tissue bulking agent (polyacrylate polyalcohol) for treating vesicoureteral reflux: preliminary results in children.

Purpose: We report the preliminary results of endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in children using polyacrylate polyalcohol copolymer.

Material And Methods: We performed a prospective multicenter review of pediatric patients treated with subureteral injection of a new nonabsorbable substance. Only patients with 1 year of followup were included.

[Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder in adolescents: a diagnosis to bear in mind].

Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder has a high incidence in adults, but it is uncommon in children and adolescents. Hematuria is the most common symptom of presentation and vesical ecography the preferred diagnostic method. The diagnosis and treatment is performed with cystoscopy and endoscopic resection.

Vantris, a biocompatible, synthetic, non-biodegradable, easy-to-inject bulking substance. Evaluation of local tissular reaction, localized migration and long-distance migration.

Biodegradable injectable bulking agents of animal origin present a fast rate of bio-reabsorption and may cause an allergic reaction. Biodegradable elements of synthetic origin have a high rate of reabsorption after a year. Non-biodegradable agents of synthetic origin lead to the formation of a fibrotic capsule, giving stability and long-term permanence.

[Biliary atresias operated with favourable results: predictable outcome].

Since 1975, our experience in the treatment of biliary atresia with Kasai's technique has improved little by little, achieving 65% favourable outcome in the last five years. We define "good results" as the complete restoration of biliary flow and normalization of bilirrubin levels. The long-term evolution of these good results can be diverse.

Rheological properties and biocompatibility of endodontic sealers.

Aim: To determine the flow characteristics and subcutaneous tissue reactions to five endodontic sealers.

Methodology: The materials used were Procosol, AH26, Endomethasone, Sealapex and Endion. The sealers were prepared following the manufacturers' instructions, and 0.