In Search of a Target Gene for a Desirable Phenotype in Aquaculture: Genome Editing of Cyprinidae and Salmonidae Species.

Aquaculture supplies the world food market with a significant amount of valuable protein. Highly productive aquaculture fishes can be derived by utilizing genome-editing methods, and the main problem is to choose a target gene to obtain the desirable phenotype. This paper presents a review of the studies of genome editing for genes controlling body development, growth, pigmentation and sex determination in five key aquaculture Salmonidae and Cyprinidae species, such as rainbow trout (), Atlantic salmon (), common carp (), goldfish (), Gibel carp () and the model fish zebrafish ().

Conservation of the Bird Cherry ( Mill.) Germplasm by Cold Storage and Cryopreservation of Winter Cuttings.

Conservation at cryogenic temperatures, usually in liquid nitrogen (LN) or in its vapor, is the only reliable method for the long-term ex situ conservation of fruit and berry crops with vegetative reproduction. In this study, five bird cherry ( Mill.) varieties of different genetic origin from the bird cherry genebank at the N.

Genomic Signatures of Freshwater Adaptation in Pacific Herring ().

Pacific herring () is an essential target of commercial fishing in the North Pacific Ocean. Previous studies have suggested the existence of marine and lake ecological forms of this species within its range. The lake ecological form of herring has a shortened life cycle, spending the winter and spawning in brackish waters near the shoreline without long migrations for feeding; it also has a relatively smaller body size than the marine form.

[Pharmacoepidemiological research of COVID-19 in the Russian Federation EGIDA-2020].

Aim: An analysis of coronavirus infection in Russia and evaluation of different AVT regimens effectiveness.

Materials And Methods: The study involved a retrospective analysis of 1082 patient records with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in 17 regions of Russia. The number of men and women was equal, mean age 48.

Regression of Liver Steatosis Following Phosphatidylcholine Administration: A Review of Molecular and Metabolic Pathways Involved.

Liver steatosis is a key pathology in non-alcoholic or metabolic associated fatty liver disease. Though largely ignored for decades it is currently becoming the focus of research in hepatology. It is important to consider its origin and current opportunities in terms of pharmacotherapy.

Bioavailability and Safety of Dihydroquercetin (Review).

Dihydroquercetin (DHQ) is a bioflavonoid with high antioxidant, capillary-protective, and anti-inflammatory activity. DHQ has previously been used for treating Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection and is currently considered a potential regulator of oxidative stress as part of COVID-19 multipurpose therapy. DHQ has a high safety profile but low bioavailability that limits its use.

Genetic structure of marine and lake forms of Pacific herring .

The Pacific herring () is one of the most important species in the commercial fisheries distributed in the North Pacific Ocean and the northeastern European seas. This teleost has marine and lake ecological forms a long its distribution in the Holarctic. However, the level of genetic differentiation between these two forms is not well known.

Magnesium level correlation with clinical status and quality of life in women with hormone related conditions and pregnancy based on real world data.

This study was aimed to assess the effectiveness of magnesium (Mg)-vitamin B 6 replenishment and its correlation with clinical status in pregnant women (PW), and quality of life in women with hormone-related conditions (HRCW) and hypomagnesemia (HME). Data collected in four observational studies were pooled and analysed. All women received Mg supplementation for 4 weeks.

Risk factors and comorbidities associated with magnesium deficiency in pregnant women and women with hormone-related conditions: analysis of a large real-world dataset.

Background: An accumulating body of literature indicates that magnesium deficiency is associated with a number of hormone-related conditions (HRC) in women, and epidemiological studies are needed to assess its prevalence and risk factors. Here, we present a secondary analysis of data pooled from four large observational studies that assessed magnesium deficiency among pregnant women and women with HRC across the Russian Federation.

Methods: The main objective of this analysis was to estimate the prevalence of magnesium deficiency in this population and to describe risk factors and comorbidities associated with low serum magnesium.

Bathyraja (Arctoraja) sexoculata sp. nov., a new softnose skate (Rajiformes: Arhynchobatidae) from Simushir Island, Kuril Islands (western North Pacific), with special reference to geographic variations in Bathyraja (Arctoraja) smirnovi.

A new species of softnose skate (Arhynchobatidae), Bathyraja sexoculata Misawa, Orlov, Orlova, Gordeev and Ishihara is described on the basis of five specimens collected from off the east coast of Simushir Island, Kuril Islands, located in the western North Pacific. The specimens conformed to the genus Bathyraja by having the anteriormost pectoral-fin skeleton almost reaching the snout tip, and a slender unsegmented rostral cartilage. Within Bathyraja, the new species belongs to the subgenus Arctoraja (currently with four valid species) due to the relatively short tail (79-86% of disc width), high count of predorsal caudal vertebrae (more than 86), and large strong nuchal and scapular thorns.

Magnesium Deficiency Questionnaire: A New Non-Invasive Magnesium Deficiency Screening Tool Developed Using Real-World Data from Four Observational Studies.

Due to the high estimated prevalence of magnesium deficiency, there is a need for a rapid, non-invasive assessment tool that could be used by patients and clinicians to confirm suspected hypomagnesemia and substantiate laboratory testing. This study analyzed data from four large observational studies of hypomagnesemia in pregnant women and women with hormone-related conditions across Russia. Hypomagnesemia was assessed using a 62-item magnesium deficiency questionnaire (MDQ-62) and a serum test.

Diversity of the CO1 Gene of Mitochondrial DNA in Representatives of Genus Antimora (Moridae, Gadiformes) in the World Oceans.

The frequency of occurrence of the COI gene of mitochondrial DNA in the Pacific flatnose Antimora microlepis and blue antimora Antimora rostrata (Moridae, Gadiformes) was analyzed in samples collected in different areas of the World Ocean. The revealed maximum haplotype diversity of COI in the blue antimora in the North Atlantics may indicate that this species emerged in this region, from which it widely distributed in the World Ocean. The Pacific flatnose Antimora microlepis originated from Antimora rostrata.

Microsatellite loci obtained by next generation sequencing on the sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria).

Eleven microsatellite loci were developed and characterized for the sablefish, Anoplopoma fimbria. The markers were identified from sequences obtained by next generation sequencing. Thirty samples from Aleutians Islands were genotyped.

Population status of Greenland halibut Reinhardtius hippoglossoides (Walbaum, 1793) of the Laptev Sea.

This is the first study to perform a comparative genetic analysis of Greenland halibut in the samples from the Atlantic (waters of west and east of Greenland), Arctic (Laptev Sea), and Pacific (the western part of the Bering Sea) ocean basins using seven microsatellite loci. The obtained data clearly demonstrate that the Greenland halibut population in the Laptev Sea belongs to the groups of the Atlantic Ocean basin. Apparently, the Greenland halibut of the Laptev Sea is represented by a dependent population, which is replenished due to the drift of immatures from the spawning grounds in the Barents Sea with the transformed Atlantic water flow along the continental slope.

Genetic differentiation of Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus in the Sea of Okhotsk and in the Bering Sea.

Genetic differentiation of the Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus was studied. Samples from six regions of the Sea of Okhotsk and the Bering Sea were analyzed with two mtDNA genetic markers-gene of cytochrome 1 and the control region (D-loop). Comparative analysis showed significant genetic differentiation between the two groups of samples.

Micro-evolutionary processes in sablefish Anoplopoma fimbria, based on polymorphism of the two sites of mitochondrial DNA.

Sablefish Anoplopoma fimbria is a deep-sea fish, endemic to the North Pacific Ocean, with continuous range from southern California to the central part of Honshu Island, including the Bering and Okhotsk Seas. It is an important commercial species and a promising object for aquaculture. Compared to the eastern part of the range the population structure of sablefish in Asian waters is poorly studied.

Metal complexes with functionalised 2,2'-dipicolylamine ligand containing an antioxidant 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol moiety: synthesis and biological studies.

A series of Zn, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni complexes ([MX2L], X = Cl, OAc) of the novel di-(2-picolyl)amine ligand L with an antioxidant 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol pendant were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and the molecular structures of [ZnCl2L] and [MnCl2L] were established by X-ray crystallography. The chemical oxidation of complexes with a 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol fragment to the phenoxyl radicals was studied by means of ESR method. The antioxidant radical scavenging activity of the complexes was measured spectrophotometrically using a DPPH-test and linoleic acid peroxidation.

[Some mechanisms of a recurrent course of stenosing laryngotracheitis in children].

Staged development of dysbiotic disturbance of the upper airways was revealed in children suffering from stenosing laryngotracheitis in the presence of viral infection. Chronic persistent virus-bacterial inflammation of respiratory tract mucosa and resultant hypersensitivity of the airways produce chronic defects in lung ventilation in patients with recurrent stenosing laryngotracheitis. High sensitivity of the airways to histamine is related to bioelectric activity of the brain characterized by dominant irritation of the mesencephalo-diencephalic structures.

[Influence of environmental and climatic factors on the incidence and course of stenosing laryngotracheitis in children with acute respiratory diseases].

A clear correlation was found between the development of stenosing laryngotracheitis (SLT) in the presence of viral infection, its severity, and the environment well-being of an area where a child resides. The level of environmental pollution and the interaction of environmental factors and weather-climatic ill-being, which vary with time and have regional features, adversely affect the course of SLT and require mandatory correction during complex therapy and seasonal antirecurrent treatment. The increase in the incidence of childhood SLT may be a biological indicator of the environmental ill-being of a region.

[Dynamics of viral hepatitis A morbidity in Minsk].

The results of the analysis of hepatitis A morbidity during the period of 1996 - 2001, are presented. The cyclic character of this morbidity in its dynamics over the period of several years was noted with the maximum morbidity level reached in 2000. The monthly dynamics of hepatitis A morbidity reflected its seasonal character with the maximum increase in autumn and winter.

[Long-term outcomes of acute myocardial infarction in Tomsk].

The paper presents the results of long-term (1- and 5-year) outcomes of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Tomsk patients who experienced this disease in 1997. The study was based on the data of the "Acute myocardial infarction register" and the computer-aided information system--the "Outpatient register of CHD patients". A total of 605 out of 975 patients with acute AMI (within the first 28 days) survived in 1997.

[The new approaches to understanding of neurohumoral regulation in overweight and ways of its correction].

The clinical study reflex of food specific dynamic effect food SDE reflex phase in various forms of obesity permit differential diagnosing and choosing of special diet therapy with the use of various biologically active food supplements.

[Acute myocardial infarction onset, course and short-term outcome in men and women].

Specific features of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) onset and course, short-term outcome and its causative factors have been analysed for women and men by the data from Register of Acute Myocardial Infarction of the city of Tomsk for 1994-1998 (a total of 3717 cases). It is shown that AMI men die largely of cardiogenic shock (CS), congestive heart disease (CHD) and cardiac arrhythmia. Death of AMI women was caused primarily by CS, CHD and rupture of the myocardium.

Viral water contamination as the cause of aseptic meningitis outbreak in Belarus.

In the recent years Echovirus-30 associated outbreaks have taken place in different European countries. Aseptic meningitis caused by Echovirus-30 was the main diagnosis of a large outbreak in Belarus in Summer-Autumn, 1997, involving 460 patients. Echovirus-30 was detected in cerebrospinal fluid of the patients with aseptic meningitis.

[Water-borne outbreak of serous meningitis caused by Echovirus-30 in Belarus].

In recent years outbreak of enterovirus infections caused by Echovirus-30 were rather frequently registered in different European countries. A major outbreak caused by this virus took place during the summer-autumn period of 1997 in the city of Gomel, Belarus. Sanitary epidemiological and molecular epidemiological studies made it possible to determine that the outbreak was water-borne.