[Genome Stability of Bacillus velezensis after Two-Year Exposure in Open Space].

Spore-forming bacteria have a unique resistance to negative environmental conditions, including aggressive space factors, and are an excellent model for studying adaptation mechanisms and survival strategies at the molecular level. The study analyzed the genome of Bacillus velezensis, which remained viable after a 2-year exposure in outer space on the outer surface of the ISS as part of the Test space experiment. A comparative analysis of the draft genomes of the exhibit strain and the ground control did not reveal significant changes; the average nucleotide identity was 99.

Simulated Microgravity Changes the Number of Mechanically Gated and Mechanosensitive Ion Channels Genes Transcripts in Rat Ventricular Cardiomyocytes.

The mechanoelectrical feedback in the heart is based on the work of mechanically gated (MGCs) and mechanosensitive (MSCs) channels. Since microgravity alters the heart's morphological and physiological properties, we hypothesized that the expression of both MGCs and MSCs would be affected. We employed RNA transcriptome sequencing to investigate changes in the gene transcript levels of MGCs and MSCs in isolated rat ventricular cardiomyocytes under control conditions and in a simulated microgravity environment.

Six-day dry immersion leads to downregulation of slow-fiber type and mitochondria-related genes expression.

The soleus muscle in humans is responsible for maintaining an upright posture and participating in walking and running. Under muscle disuse, it undergoes molecular signaling changes that result in altered force and work capacity. The triggering mechanisms and pathways of these changes are not yet fully understood.

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Patients with Suspected Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy: The Impact of Late Gadolinium Enhancement and Epicardial Fat Tissue.

Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy (TIC) is a reversible subtype of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) resulting from sustained supraventricular or ventricular tachycardia and diagnosed by the normalization of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) after stable sinus rhythm restoration. The aim of this study was to determine the contribution of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) to the differential diagnosis of TIC and DCM with persistent atrial arrythmias in patients hospitalized for the first time with heart failure (HF) with reduced LVEF of nonischemic origin. A total of 29 patients (age: 58.

Rapid changes in transcriptomic profile and mitochondrial function in human soleus muscle after 3-day dry immersion.

We aimed to explore the effect of the 3-day dry immersion, a model of physical unloading, on mitochondrial function, transcriptomic and proteomic profiles in a slow-twitch soleus muscle of six healthy females. We registered that a marked reduction (25-34%) in the ADP-stimulated respiration in permeabilized muscle fibers was not accompanied by a decrease in the content of mitochondrial enzymes (mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics), hence, it is related to the disruption in regulation of respiration. We detected a widespread change in the transcriptomic profile (RNA-seq) upon dry immersion.

The State of the Organs of the Female Reproductive System after a 5-Day "Dry" Immersion.

The impact of weightlessness on the female reproductive system remains poorly understood, although deep space exploration is impossible without the development of effective measures to protect women's health. The purpose of this work was to study the effect of a 5-day "dry" immersion on the state of the reproductive system of female subjects. On the fourth day of the menstrual cycle after immersion, we observed an increase in inhibin B of 35% ( < 0.

Mathematical Model of Antibiotic Resistance Determinants' Stability Under Space Flight Conditions.

Increasing antibiotic resistance (AR) poses dangers of treatment complications and even treatment failure to astronauts. An AR determinant is a gene of resistance carried by bacteria. This article considers the issue of the stability of AR determinants and the influence of manned spaceflight conditions on this characteristic.

Evaluation of the Efficiency of Oxygen-Helium Therapy for Patients with Covid-19-Associated Pneumonia.

This article summarizes the experience of managing patients with COVID-19-associated pneumonia treated in one of the intensive care units of a multidisciplinary hospital with and without a heated oxygen-helium mixture. It has been shown that the use of a heated oxygen-helium mixture in the complex therapy of pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 is effective. A comparative analysis of the clinical manifestations of the disease and the results of laboratory tests in the main and control groups of patients confirm with a high degree of reliability the improvement of blood oxygenation, the normalization of the acid-base balance and the positive dynamics of the main parameters, which ultimately increases the efficacy and reduces the time of treatment.

Investigation of Nitrogen and Vacancy Defects in Synthetic Diamond Plates by Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy.

Currently, diamonds are widely used in science and technology. However, the properties of diamonds due to their defects are not fully understood. In addition to optical methods, positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS) can be successfully used to study defects in diamonds.

Predictors of tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy in patients with first-time decompensation of chro-nic heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction of nonischemic etiology and persistent atrial tachyarrhythmia.

Aim    To identify possible predictors of tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy (TICMP) in patients with newly developed decompensated chronic heart failure (CHF) of nonischemic origin with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LV EF) and with persistent atrial tachyarrhythmias. Material and methods    This study included 88 patients with newly developed decompensated CHF of nonischemic origin with reduced LV EF and persistent atrial tachyarrhythmias. Resting 12-lead electrocardiography (EGC) and transthoracic echocardiography (EchoCG) were performed upon admission and following the electrical impulse therapy for all patients.

Restructuring of the Optokinetic Reflex during Metamorphosis in Pelobates fuscus Laur.

The restructuring of the gaze stabilization system in Pelobates fuscus was investigated by quantitative analysis of the optomotor response using video imaging. Gaze stabilization is an important component in the system of neural mechanisms of visual depth perception. It was shown that the optomotor response in aquatic tadpoles of P.

Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction Screening by a Smartphone-Case Based on Single Lead ECG.

Aims: To investigate the potential of a signal processed by smartphone-case based on single lead electrocardiogram (ECG) for left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) determination as a screening method.

Methods And Results: We included 446 subjects for sample learning and 259 patients for sample test aged 39 to 74 years for testing with 2D-echocardiography, tissue Doppler imaging and ECG using a smartphone-case based single lead ECG monitor for the assessment of LVDD. Spectral analysis of ECG signals (spECG) has been used in combination with advanced signal processing and artificial intelligence methods.

New geographical and host records of bat fleas (Siphonaptera: Ischnopsyllidae) in Russia.

To better understand the distribution and host-parasite relationships, we explored 12 large regions of Russia and recorded new bat fleas (Insecta: Siphonaptera: Ischnopsyllidae) for Dagestan, Bashkiria, Mordovia, Khakassia and Buryatia Republics. Also we curate previously known data and registered new host-parasite associations for species belonging to genus Ischnopsyllus (Ischnopsyllus octactenus and I. variabilis ex Pipistrellus pygmaeus, I.

Space Medicine: Scientific Foundations, Achievements, and Challenges.

This article, based on a report presented at the Scientific Session of the Russian Academy of Sciences, highlights the history of the formation of space medicine, its theoretical foundations, and the role of scientists of the Academy of Sciences in the preparation and implementation of the first manned flight into space. The achievements of domestic specialists in space physiology, biology, and medicine promoting the development of manned cosmonautics are considered. Examples are given of the implementation of the results of space research, as well as instruments and devices for medical support of space crews, into practical health care.

Relationship of collagen as the component of the extracellular matrix with the mechanisms of autonomic regulation of the cardiovascular system under simulated conditions of long-term isolation.

The study of proteins - potential markers, associated signal transduction pathways, and their targets - provides a new understanding of the fundamental mechanisms occurring at the level of regulatory processes in the cardiovascular system (CVS), especially in space flight, as well as in model experiments that reproduce its individual effects on the human body. The article presents the results of studies in an experiment with 120-day isolation within the framework of the SIRIUS project in which 6 volunteers aged 28 to 44 years (three men and three women) participated. SIRIUS (Scientific International Research in Unique Terrestrial Station) is the international research project, which studies the issues of biomedical and psychological support of long-term manned space flights.

[Remote monitoring of population health and performance reserves].

Unlabelled: The deterioration of the demographic situation and the public health problem in Russia in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries has assumed menacing proportions. In this regard, the need to improve the health care system, the formation of a culture of health, and the responsibility of citizens for the preservation of health and high performance has become apparent.

Objective: Design and development of a system for remote monitoring and improvement of health reserves and performance of an individual and the whole population based on the prenosological examination, the numerical assessment of body systems reserves, and implementation of adequate individual health improvement programs.

How We Perform a David Procedure With an Upper Hemisternotomy Approach.

Valve-sparing aortic root replacement (David procedure) is the technique of choice in appropriately selected patients with aortic root aneurysms. These procedures are seldom performed in a minimally invasive fashion. We describe our systematic approach to the David procedure using an upper hemisternotomy (UHS).

New findings of spinturnicid mites (Mesostigmata: Gamasina: Spinturnicidae) from the Caucasus.

The Caucasus is a large region in Eurasia consisting of four countries: Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Armenia. Although it is one of the biodiversity hotspots in the world, the bat ectoparasite fauna has been poorly studied. To promotionally fill in the gaps regarding bat ectoparasites, we conducted five field surveys on bats and their ectoparasites at nine localities within the region between April 2016 and March 2021.

The First Female Dry Immersion (NAIAD-2020): Design and Specifics of a 3-Day Study.

This article describes procedures and some results of the first study of females undergoing 3-day Dry Immersion. The experiment "NAIAD-2020" was carried out at the Institute of Biomedical Problems (Moscow, Russia) with the participation of six healthy women volunteers (age 30.17 ± 5.

A checklist of bat-associated macronyssid mites (Acari: Gamasina: Macronyssidae) of Russia, with new host and geographical records.

The family Macronyssidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) comprises mostly obligate blood-sucking ectoparasites of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) and some other animals, such as small mammals, reptiles and birds. Here, we document and curate previously known data, and, based on our extensive survey, provide this article of bat-associated macronyssid mites of the Russian Federation. We record a total of 24 mite species belonging to 4 genera (Ichoronyssus, Macronyssus, Steatonyssus, and Cryptonyssus).

New records of bat flies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae), with an updated checklist of the nycteribiids of Russia.

We assembled a checklist by documenting and curating previously published data as well as previously unpublished records of bat flies from the Russian Federation. A total of 20 bat fly species are listed, belonging to 4 genera. Basilia mongolensis nudior Hůrka, 1972 and Basilia nattereri (Kolenati, 1857) are recorded from Russia for the first time.