The genetic landscape of Lynch syndrome in the Israeli population.

Deciphering the spectrum and founder disease-causing variants (DCVs) in specific populations can shape and facilitate the diagnostic process of Lynch Syndrome (LS). The aim of this report was to comprehensively update on the genetic landscape of LS in the ethnically diverse Israeli-Jewish population. The cohort included 1080 carriers from 588 families; some from underrepresented, understudied Israeli ethnic groups recruited from 8 genetic institutes and high-risk clinics throughout the country.

The Diagnostic Yield and Implications of Targeted Founder Pathogenic Variant Testing in an Israeli Cohort.

Founder pathogenic variants (PVs) are prevalent in Israel. This study investigated the current practice of offering cancer patients two-step genetic testing, starting with targeted testing for recurring founder PVs, followed, if negative, by next-generation sequencing. A total of 2128 subjects with cancer or a positive family history underwent oncogenetic testing with a panel of 51 recurring PVs at a tertiary medical center in March 2020-January 2023.

COVID-19 in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The Israeli Experience.

Background: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) affecting millions of people worldwide. IBD therapies, designed for continuous immune suppression, often render patients more susceptible to infections. The effect of the immune suppression on the risk of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is not fully determined yet.

Detection of elusive polyps using a large-scale artificial intelligence system (with videos).

Background And Aims: Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of death. Colonoscopy is the criterion standard for detection and removal of precancerous lesions and has been shown to reduce mortality. The polyp miss rate during colonoscopies is 22% to 28%.

COVID-19: minimising risk to healthcare workers during aerosol-producing respiratory therapy using an innovative constant flow canopy.

https://bit.ly/3eqgoVZ

[A SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT OF BAROGENIC ESOPHAGEAL FISTULA WITH VACUUM-ASSISTED CLOSURE SYSTEM].

Esophageal perforation is a serious disease which entails significant morbidity and mortality. Barogenic perforation (Boerhaave's type perforation) is considered as having a relatively poor prognosis. We present a case of barogenic perforation treated initially with surgery for primary repair leading to the formation of a control fistula.

Delayed Colonoscopy Following a Positive Fecal Test Result and Cancer Mortality.

Background: A fecal test followed by diagnostic colonoscopy for a positive result is a widely endorsed screening strategy for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the relationship between the time delay from the positive test to the follow-up colonoscopy and CRC mortality has not been established.

Methods: From a population-based screening program, we identified CRC patients newly diagnosed from 2005 through 2015 by a positive fecal occult test followed by a colonoscopy.

Antihyperglycemic therapy during colonoscopy preparation: A review and suggestions for practical recommendations.

Patients with diabetes have distinct risks during precolonoscopy bowel preparation, caused by change of diet, change of antihyperglycemic medication regimens and diabetes-related complications and comorbidities. These risks include hypoglycemia, water and electrolyte imbalance, acute renal failure, lactic acidosis, ketoacidosis and low quality of bowel preparation. Here we review the existing literature and present recommendations from a subcommittee of the Israeli National Diabetes Council for primary care physicians and gastroenterologists.

Cognitive Function of Patients with Crohn's Disease is Associated with Intestinal Disease Activity.

Background: Systemic inflammation and nutritional deficiencies are characteristics of Crohn's disease (CD) and have been suggested to influence cognitive performance. This study assessed cognitive function in patients with CD.

Methods: Participants were adult patients with CD arriving at routine follow-up.

Multicenter, randomized, tandem evaluation of EndoRings colonoscopy--results of the CLEVER study.

Background And Study Aims: Adenoma miss rate during colonoscopy has become a widely acknowledged proxy measure for post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer. Among other reasons, this can happen because of inadequate visualization of the proximal aspects of colonic folds and flexures. EndoRings (EndoAid Ltd.

Standard forward-viewing colonoscopy versus full-spectrum endoscopy: an international, multicentre, randomised, tandem colonoscopy trial.

Background: Although colonoscopy is the accepted standard for detection of colorectal adenomas and cancers, many adenomas and some cancers are missed. To avoid interval colorectal cancer, the adenoma miss rate of colonoscopy needs to be reduced by improvement of colonoscopy technique and imaging capability. We aimed to compare the adenoma miss rates of full-spectrum endoscopy colonoscopy with those of standard forward-viewing colonoscopy.

A prospective cohort study evaluating a novel colonoscopy platform featuring full-spectrum endoscopy.

Background And Study Aims: Although colonoscopy is the criterion standard for detecting colorectal adenomas and cancers, a significant percentage of adenomas are missed with this technique. We aimed to establish the feasibility, usability, and safety of a novel colonoscopy platform featuring full-spectrum endoscopy (FUSE).

Patients And Methods: This was a prospective, single-center pilot and feasibility study.

Comparison of standard forward-viewing mode versus ultrawide-viewing mode of a novel colonoscopy platform: a prospective, multicenter study in the detection of simulated polyps in an in vitro colon model (with video).

Background: Although colonoscopy is the criterion standard for detecting colorectal adenomas and cancers, a significant percentage of adenomas are missed.

Objective: To compare forward-viewing with ultrawide-viewing colonoscopy in the detection of simulated colon polyps in an in vitro colon model.

Design: Prospective, multicenter.

[The use of video capsule endoscopy in diseases of the small bowel, esophagus and colon].

Capsule endoscopy has been in clinical practice for approximately a decade. The original capsule was designed for the small bowel, followed by esophageal, patency and colonic capsules. The aim of the present guidelines are to update the readers with the mode and preparations for use of the various capsules, the indications, as well as absolute and relative contraindications for their use.

Remifentanil versus fentanyl for esophagogastroduodenoscopy in children.

Objectives: We compared sedation by propofol combined with either fentanyl or remifentanil in pediatric outpatients undergoing diagnostic esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

Patients And Methods: Forty-two children scheduled for esophagogastroduodenoscopy in our institution were randomly assigned to receive 2 mg/kg propofol plus either 1 μg/kg bolus of fentanyl (group F; n = 20) or 0.5 μg/kg bolus of remifentanil (group R; n = 22).

Endoluminal compression clip: full-thickness resection of the mesenteric bowel wall in a porcine model.

Background: Performing a full-thickness intestinal wall resection of a sessile polyp located on the mesenteric side with a compression clip may lead to compression of mesenteric vessels. The application of such a clip may therefore cause a compromised blood supply in the particular bowel segment, leading to perforation.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of a newly developed, nitinol compression clip, called the NiTi clamp, for full-thickness resection of the bowel wall, while the clip is deliberately deployed endoluminally on the mesenteric side.

Sightline ColonoSight system for a disposable, power-assisted, non-fiber-optic colonoscopy (with video).

Background: The Sightline ColonoSight (CS) colonoscopy system presents 3 technologic advances: (1) disposable components protect the reusable parts from contact with colonic contents, eliminating the need for disinfection between procedures, (2) an air-pressure-powered engine assists in colonoscope advancement, (3) light emitting diode (LED) illumination eliminates the need for fiber optics and an external light source.

Objectives: To study the operation, performance, and safety of the Sightline CS colonoscopy system.

Design: The system was tested during colonoscopy in animals and in human pilot studies.

Fentanyl or tramadol, with midazolam, for outpatient colonoscopy: analgesia, sedation, and safety.

The present study determined the acceptability of colonoscopy in outpatients treated with tramadol or fentanyl for analgesia and sedation. One hundred fifty patients were randomly assigned to receive midazolam, 0.05 mg/kg, and fentanyl, 2 microg/kg, intravenously (group 1), midazolam, 0.

Arthritis or vasculitis as presenting symptoms of Crohn's disease.

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe arthritis or vasculitis as initial manifestations of Crohn's disease (CD).

Methods: We describe three cases in which the rheumatological manifestations preceded the bowel disease and one with rheumatological manifestation and asymptomatic gut inflammation. The information on clinical manifestations, laboratory examination results, imaging procedures, and histological data were gathered from the patients' medical charts.

Treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infection via oral immune regulation toward hepatitis B virus proteins.

Objectives: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a noncytopathic virus, and hepatocellular injury is mediated by a defective host antiviral immune response. We have previously shown that antiviral immunity can be modulated through oral feeding of viral proteins. The aims of this study were to determine the safety and efficacy of treatment of patients with chronic HBV by means of p.