A Narrative Review of the OX40-OX40L Pathway as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Atopic Dermatitis: Focus on Rocatinlimab and Amlitelimab.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease involving complex immune dysregulation, including the OX40-OX40L pathway. Rocatinlimab and amlitelimab, monoclonal antibodies targeting OX40 and OX40L, respectively, have shown promise in treating moderate-to-severe AD. Both therapies have demonstrated significant efficacy in reducing disease severity, with favorable safety profiles and no serious treatment-related adverse events.

Interpersonal sensitivity and response to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in patients with acute major depressive disorder.

Background: Patients with major depression often suffer from excessive interpersonal sensitivity, although it is not typically measured in antidepressant clinical trials. Preliminary evidence suggests selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have the capacity to reduce interpersonal sensitivity.

Methods: This was a pooled analysis of data from 1709 patients in three randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of fluoxetine and paroxetine for acute major depressive disorder.

A Theranostic Approach to Imaging and Treating Melanoma with Pb/Pb-Labeled Antibody Targeting Melanin.

Metastatic melanoma is a deadly disease that claims thousands of lives each year despite the introduction of several immunotherapeutic agents into the clinic over the past decade, inspiring the development of novel therapeutics and the exploration of combination therapies. Our investigations target melanin pigment with melanin-specific radiolabeled antibodies as a strategy to treat metastatic melanoma. In this study, a theranostic approach was applied by first labeling a chimeric antibody targeting melanin, c8C3, with the SPECT radionuclide Pb for microSPECT/CT imaging of C57Bl6 mice bearing B16-F10 melanoma tumors.

Investigation of the Relationships between Coat Colour, Sex, and Morphological Characteristics in Donkeys Using Data Mining Algorithms.

This study was carried out in order to determine the morphological characteristics, body coat colour distribution, and body dimensions of donkeys raised in Turkey, as well as to determine the relationships between these factors. For this reason, the predictive performance of various machine learning algorithms (i.e.

Chronic Noise Affects Middle Ear Resonance and Absorbance in Industrial Workers.

Background: The effect of chronic noise on the middle ear is not fully known. This study aimed to evaluate the middle ear functions of metal workers exposed to chronic noise using wideband tympanometry.

Methods: In this study, 62 male workers exposed to chronic noise and 30 healthy men were included.

Mitochondrial dysfunction reactivates α-fetoprotein expression that drives copper-dependent immunosuppression in mitochondrial disease models.

Signaling circuits crucial to systemic physiology are widespread, yet uncovering their molecular underpinnings remains a barrier to understanding the etiology of many metabolic disorders. Here, we identified a copper-linked signaling circuit activated by disruption of mitochondrial function in the murine liver or heart that resulted in atrophy of the spleen and thymus and caused a peripheral white blood cell deficiency. We demonstrated that the leukopenia was caused by α-fetoprotein, which required copper and the cell surface receptor CCR5 to promote white blood cell death.

Prognostic and Clinical Role of Contrast Enhancement on Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Bell's Palsy.

Objective: To investigate the prognostic value of the magnetic resonance imaging in Bell's palsy patients.

Methods: Patients who were diagnosed and treated with Bell's palsy between October 2013 and March 2016 retrospectively selected. House-Brackmann grades, pre- and post-treatment pure tone audiograms, stapedial reflexes were analyzed and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans with gadolinium-based contrast agents were evaluated.

The type 1 cannabinoid receptor positive allosteric modulators GAT591 and GAT593 reduce spike-and-wave discharges in Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg.

Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) is a non-convulsive seizure disorder primarily in children characterized by absence seizures. Absence seizures consist of 2.5-5 Hz spike-and-wave discharges (SWDs) detectable using electroencephalography (EEG).

Allosteric and orthosteric pharmacology of cannabidiol and cannabidiol-dimethylheptyl at the type 1 and type 2 cannabinoid receptors.

Background And Purpose: We sought to understand why (-)-cannabidiol (CBD) and (-)-cannabidiol-dimethylheptyl (CBD-DMH) exhibit distinct pharmacology, despite near identical structures.

Experimental Approach: HEK293A cells expressing either human type 1 cannabinoid (CB ) receptors or CB receptors were treated with CBD or CBD-DMH with or without the CB and CB receptor agonist CP55,940, CB receptor allosteric modulator Org27569 or CB receptor inverse agonist SR144528. Ligand binding, cAMP levels and βarrestin1 recruitment were measured.

Cystic fibrosis swine fail to secrete airway surface liquid in response to inhalation of pathogens.

Cystic fibrosis is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel, which can result in chronic lung disease. The sequence of events leading to lung disease is not fully understood but recent data show that the critical pathogenic event is the loss of the ability to clear bacteria due to abnormal airway surface liquid secretion (ASL). However, whether the inhalation of bacteria triggers ASL secretion and whether this is abnormal in cystic fibrosis has never been tested.

Brainstem Reflexes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients Without Clinical Neurological Manifestations.

Introduction: We aimed to assess central and peripheral nervous system involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients without any neurological signs and symptoms by performing electrophysiological investigations.

Methods: Thirty-eight SLE patients and 35 healthy volunteers participated in this study. Peripheral nerve conduction and brainstem reflexes were evaluated by performing nerve conduction studies (NCSs) and blink reflex (BR) and masseter inhibitory reflex (MIR) recordings.

Motor-Unit Number Estimation Is Sensitive in Detecting Motor Nerve Involvement in Patients with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.

Background And Purpose: We compared the motor-unit number estimation (MUNE) findings in patients who presented with signs and/or findings associated with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and healthy controls, with the aim of determining if motor-unit loss occurs during the clinically silent period and if there is a correlation between clinical and MUNE findings in CTS patients.

Methods: The study investigated 60 hands of 35 patients with clinical CTS and 60 hands of 34 healthy controls. Routine median and ulnar nerve conduction studies and MUNE analysis according to the multipoint stimulation method were performed.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa triggers CFTR-mediated airway surface liquid secretion in swine trachea.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding for the anion channel cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). Several organs are affected in CF, but most of the morbidity and mortality comes from lung disease. Recent data show that the initial consequence of CFTR mutation is the failure to eradicate bacteria before the development of inflammation and airway remodeling.

Motor nerve impairment in diabetic patients with symmetrical distal sensory polyneuropathy: a single nerve fiber conduction velocity study.

Introduction: In this study we investigated the clinical utility of single fiber conduction velocity (SF-CV) testing in the evaluation of motor nerve function in diabetic patients with signs and symptoms of symmetrical distal sensory polyneuropathy (DSP). SF-CV findings were compared with conventional nerve conduction studies (NCS).

Methods: Twenty-eight consecutive type 2 diabetic patients with clinically diagnosed DSP were studied.