and polymorphisms in children with high myopia.

Objective: To investigate and gene polymorphisms in children with high myopia in order to determine the genetic basis of large myopic shifts causing severe visual impairment and complications.

Methods: Seventy-four children with high myopia (≥6 diopters [D]; study group) and 77 emmetropic children (±0.5D; control group) were included.

CHN1 gene mutation analysis in patients with Duane retraction syndrome.

Purpose: To investigate CHN1 (chimerin 1) gene mutations in patients with isolated nonsyndromic Duane syndrome and accompanying positive familial history, bilaterality, or various systemic disorders.

Methods: Patients with Duane retraction syndrome (DRS) and a positive family history of congenital ocular motility disturbance or bilateral involvement or accompanying any congenital disorder(s) seen consecutively at a single center from 2013 to 2016 were enrolled. All subjects underwent full ophthalmologic examination, including refraction, best-corrected visual acuity, ocular alignment and motility, globe retraction, and biomicroscopic or fundus evaluation.

The Role of Posterior Vitreous Detachment and Vitreomacular Adhesion in Patients With Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Background And Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) and vitreoretinal interface in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Patients And Methods: This clinical trial included 206 eyes of 138 patients who presented to the authors' clinic between January 2012 and November 2014. Patients were divided into three groups: 98 eyes of 67 patients with exudative AMD, 55 eyes of 36 patients with nonexudative AMD, and 53 eyes of 35 patients having no vitreoretinal disease.

The Prevalence and Characteristics of Charles Bonnet Syndrome in Turkish Patients with Retinal Disease.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) in a group of Turkish patients with various retinal diseases.

Methods: Two hundred and sixty-four patients with a best-corrected visual acuity of ≤20/40 in the better-seeing eye were asked with a standardized question whether they had symptoms of CBS. If they responded positively, a questionnaire was verbally administered to learn more about the details of the symptoms.

LOXL1 gene analysis in Turkish patients with exfoliation glaucoma.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whole lysyl oxidase like 1 (LOXL1) gene by sequence analysis in Turkish patients with exfoliation glaucoma (XFG). A total of 48 (35 male, 13 female) patients with XFG were enrolled. Besides routine ophthalmological examination, peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) analysis with optic coherence tomography was performed.