Causes of the difficult airway.

Recognizing a potentially difficult airway is important in avoiding a life-threatening emergency. There are 2 separate scenarios for considering the difficult airway: difficult mask ventilation (DMV) and difficult tracheal intubation (DTI). DMV can be described as lacking the ability to maintain oxygen saturation or lacking the ability to reverse signs of inadequate ventilation with positive-pressure mask ventilation under general anesthesia.

Quantitative analysis and comparative regional investigation of the extracellular matrix of the porcine temporomandibular joint disc.

Characterization of the extracellular matrix of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc is crucial to advancing efforts in tissue engineering the disc. However, the current literature is incomplete and often contradictory in its attempts to describe the nature of the TMJ disc matrix. The aim of this study was to identify the variation of key matrix components along the three axes of the porcine disc using ELISAs to quantify these matrix components, immunohistochemistry to identify their regional distribution, and SEM to examine collagen fiber diameter and orientation.

Fixation of Chevron trochanteric osteotomy with two wire loops in isolated acetabular component revision.

The use of two wire loops for fixation of the trochanteric fragment after Chevron osteotomy in revision THA achieves stable fixation with minimal hardware.