The effect of obligatory Padua prediction scoring in hospitalized medically ill patients: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is considered a preventable cause of mortality. The evidence for the benefit of VTE prophylaxis in acute medical patients is non-conclusive. Meta-analysis of RCTs failed to demonstrate reduction of all-cause mortality, while showing higher risk of bleeding.

Self-Reported Mental and Physical Measures in Adult Fontan Patients.

Introduction: The Fontan procedure is a palliative operation for patients with single functional ventricles, arising from a heterogeneous group of heart defects. There is a considerable gap in evidence regarding the self-reported physical and mental health of these patients surviving to adulthood. Methods and Results: We administered the PROMIS® Global Short Form (v 1.

Large-scale WGS of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates reveals patterns of dissemination of ST clades associated with antibiotic resistance.

Objectives: To describe the population genetics and antibiotic resistance gene distribution of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) isolates causing infections in three Mediterranean countries.

Methods: Isolates were collected during the 2013-17 AIDA clinical trial in six hospitals in Israel, Greece and Italy. WGS, bioinformatic characterization and antibiotic resistance profiling were performed.

Excluded versus included patients in a randomized controlled trial of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria: relevance to external validity.

Background: Population external validity is the extent to which an experimental study results can be generalized from a specific sample to a defined population. In order to apply the results of a study, we should be able to assess its population external validity. We performed an investigator-initiated randomized controlled trial (RCT) (AIDA study), which compared colistin-meropenem combination therapy to colistin monotherapy in the treatment of patients infected with carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.

Outcome of patients with prior coronary bypass surgery admitted with an acute coronary syndrome.

Background: Patients with prior coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) are at increased risk for recurrent cardiovascular ischaemic events. Advances in management have improved prognosis of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), yet it is not known whether similar trends exist in patients with prior CABG.

Aim: Examine temporal trends in the prevalence, treatment and clinical outcomes of patients with prior CABG admitted with ACS.

Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Acute Medically Ill Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: Current guidelines recommend pharmacologic prophylaxis for medical patients at high risk for venous thromboembolism. We aimed to assess the benefit and safety of venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in acutely ill medical patients hospitalized.

Methods: We prepared a retrospective cohort study in a tertiary hospital in Israel with patients hospitalized in medical departments with an admission lasting more than 48 hours during 2014-2017.

A risk score based on simple angiographic characteristics to aid in choosing the optimal revascularization strategy for patients with multivessel disease presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

Background: The optimal revascularization strategy is not clearly defined for patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction with multivessel disease (MV-STEMI). We aimed to develop a simple angiographic risk score for identifying patients with MV-STEMI that might benefit from a multivessel percutaneous coronary intervention (MV-PCI), compared to a PCI for only the infarct-related artery (IRA-PCI).

Methods And Results: This retrospective study acquired data from a single-center STEMI registry on 841 consecutive patients with MV-STEMI (645 IRA-PCI and 196 MV-PCI).

Colistin plus meropenem for carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative infections: in vitro synergism is not associated with better clinical outcomes.

Objectives: In vitro models showing synergism between polymyxins and carbapenems support combination treatment for carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative (CRGN) infections. We tested the association between the presence of in vitro synergism and clinical outcomes in patients treated with colistin plus meropenem.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of AIDA, a randomized controlled trial comparing colistin with colistin-meropenem for severe CRGN infections.

Predicting the risk of late futile outcome after transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for aortic stenosis (AS) risk assessment is still developing and mostly concerned with mortality in the periprocedural period. We therefore sought to develop and then validate a score to predict 1-year adverse outcome.

Methods: Patients that underwent TAVI for severe AS in the Israeli registry.

Meta-analysis of studies examining the external validity of the dual antiplatelet therapy score.

Aims: The dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) score is meant to aid clinicians choose the DAPT duration but attempts to examine the external validity of the DAPT score and its decision tool have reported mostly disappointing results. Our aim was to perform a meta-analysis of all available data on the external validity of the DAPT score.

Methods And Results: We conducted a meta-analysis of studies that examined the external validity of the DAPT score/its decision tool.

Temporal Trends in the Characteristics, Management and Outcomes of Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome According to Their Killip Class.

Based on the historical Killip Classification, higher Killip class is associated with increased mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), yet data on current prognosis are lacking. We sought to examine temporal trends in the management and outcomes of patients admitted with an ACS by Killip class and to assess its contemporary prognostic value. Time-dependent analysis (early-period 2000 to 2008 vs late-period 2010 to 2016) in patients with lower (=1) and higher (≥2) Killip classes in a national ACS survey.

Validation of the DAPT score in real-world patients undergoing coronary stent implantation.

Objectives: To assess the external validity of the Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (DAPT) score decision tool in real world patients.

Methods And Results: Retrospective study using an all comers PCI registry. We compared the rates of myocardial infarction (MI) and actionable bleeding between 12 vs.

Effect of Intramural Course of Coronary Arteries Assessed by Computed Tomography Angiography in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

This study evaluated the prevalence, anatomical pattern, and prognostic implications of an intramural course of the coronary arteries in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HC). The study population consisted of 92 patients with HC and 100 patients without HC. The presence of an intramural course of the coronary arteries was evaluated by coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA), and its length and depth were measured.

Meta-analysis of Polymyxin Use in Patients.

In this chapter, we systematically reviewed studies that assessed polymyxin's effectiveness and summarized results through meta-analysis. The outcomes addressed were all-cause mortality, assuming that for patients with severe multidrug-resistant infections survival is the most important outcome, and resistance development, important for future patients. Most clinical data on polymyxins in the literature are from retrospective, observational studies at high risk of bias.

Immunosuppression reduction in liver and kidney transplant recipients with suspected bacterial infection: A multinational survey.

Background: There is no consensus on the optimal management of immunosuppression during bacterial infections among solid organ transplant recipients.

Methods: A multicenter, cross-sectional survey, of high-volume kidney and liver transplant centers across US and Europe. Structured questionnaires including six multiple-choice questions concerning the management of immunosuppression during infection were distributed among 381 centers.

Management of Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure.

Anemia is a common finding in patients with heart failure (HF). The cause for anemia is multifactorial, with iron deficiency being the most common cause. Anemia with HF is an established predictor of morbidity and mortality.

International comparison of acute myocardial infarction care and outcomes using quality indicators.

Objective: To compare temporal changes in European Society of Cardiology (ESC) acute myocardial infarction (AMI) quality indicator (QI) attainment in the UK and Israel.

Methods: Data cross-walking using information from the Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project and the Acute Coronary Syndrome in Israel Survey for matching 2-month periods in 2006, 2010 and 2013 was used to compare country-specific attainment of 14 ESC AMI QIs.

Results: Patients in the UK (n=17 068) compared with Israel (n=5647) were older, more likely to be women, and had less diabetes, dyslipidaemia and heart failure.

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Oncology Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis.

Objectives: The authors sought to collect data on contemporary practice and outcome of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in oncology patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS).

Background: Oncology patients with severe AS are often denied valve replacement. TAVR may be an emerging treatment option.

Early Administration of Protein in Critically Ill Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

It is currently uncertain whether early administration of protein improves patient outcomes. We examined mortality rates of critically ill patients receiving early compared to late protein administration. This was a retrospective cohort study of mixed ICU patients receiving enteral or parenteral nutritional support.

Predicting the unpredictable mortality outcome of valve-in-valve interventions.

Surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) risk scores overestimate valve-in-valve (ViV) transcatheter AVR (TAVR) mortality, with moderate discrimination Due to low prevalence of 30-day mortality, positive predictive value is low Specific risk score examining multiple outcomes for TAVR and ViV patients are needed.

Iliofemoral artery lumen volume assessment with three dimensional multi-detector computed tomography and vascular complication risk in transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Background: Transfemoral Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) carries a risk of Vascular Complications (VCs) at the access site. The currently used measures for assessing the risk for VCs are not accurate enough, and sometimes fail to predict them. We therefore aimed to examine whether Iliofemoral artery lumen volume (IFV) assessment with 3-dimensional computed tomography (CT) predicts VCs after transfemoral TAVR.

Replacement of Urinary Catheter for Urinary Tract Infections: A Prospective Observational Study.

Objectives: To assess whether catheter replacement is associated with better clinical outcomes in individuals with long-term urinary catheters.

Design: Prospective, noninterventional study.

Participants: Individuals (mean age 79.

Impact of Coronary Artery Revascularization Completeness on Outcomes of Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Meta-Analysis of Studies Using the Residual SYNTAX Score (Synergy Between PCI With Taxus and Cardiac Surgery).

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is highly prevalent in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement. In the overall CAD population, complete revascularization or reasonable incomplete revascularization (ICR) is associated with improved outcomes; whether the same applies for the transcatheter aortic valve replacement population is still a matter of debate.

Methods And Results: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that examined the prognostic effect of revascularization completeness in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement using the residual SYNTAX score (Synergy Between PCI With Taxus and Cardiac Surgery) to separate between reasonable ICR and ICR (using the individual threshold used by each study).

Predictive equations versus measured energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry: A retrospective validation.

Background & Aims: Measuring resting energy expenditure (REE) via indirect calorimetry (IC) in intensive care unit (ICU) patient is the gold standard recommended by guidelines. However technical difficulties hinder its use and predictive equations are largely used instead. We sought to validate commonly used equations using a large cohort of patients.

Colistin alone versus colistin plus meropenem for treatment of severe infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria: an open-label, randomised controlled trial.

Background: Colistin-carbapenem combinations are synergistic in vitro against carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. We aimed to test whether combination therapy improves clinical outcomes for adults with infections caused by carbapenem-resistant or carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria.

Methods: A randomised controlled superiority trial was done in six hospitals in Israel, Greece, and Italy.