Understanding the experience of Latinas in medical education: A qualitative study.

Background: Despite increased recruitment of Latina medical students, the percentage of Latina physicians has remained stagnant, suggesting unique retentive barriers affecting this population. Discriminatory experiences involving bias may contribute to difficulties in the retention and advancement of Latinas in medicine. This qualitative analysis aimed to explore thematic barriers prevalent among Latinas throughout their medical training in the United States.

Cognitive impairment at older ages among 8000 men and women living in Mexico City: a cross-sectional analyses of a prospective study.

Background: There is limited population-based evidence on the prevalence of cognitive impairment in Mexico, a country with a rapidly aging population and where key risk factors, such as diabetes and obesity, are common. This study describes the distribution of cognitive impairment in adults from Mexico City.

Methods: This cross-sectional population-based study included participants from the Mexico City Prospective Study which recruited 150,000 adults aged ≥ 35 years in 1998-2004.

Effectiveness of virtual peer-led medical Spanish course enhancing healthcare communication skills.

As of July 1st, 2021, the US Hispanic/Latinx community is estimated at 62.6 million, making up 18.9% of the population.

Bound states in the continuum in whispering gallery resonators with pointlike impurities.

Whispering gallery resonators offer a versatile platform for manipulating the photonic transmission. Here, we study such a system, including periodically distributed pointlike impurities along the resonator with ring geometry. Based on an exact expression for the transmission probability we obtain here, we demonstrate that the bound states in the continuum (BICs) form from the whispering gallery modes at the high-symmetry momenta in the ring's Brillouin zone.

Chondromatosis of the Lumbar Spine: Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery for This Rare Condition.

Synovial chondromatosis (SC) is a rare, benign disease. It usually occurs in large joints such as the hip and knee. Few cases have been reported in the spine, especially in the lumbar spine.

How long-term emancipatory programming facilitates participatory evaluation: Building a methodology of participation through research with youth in Honduras.

Empowerment and participation are promoted as critical factors in meaningful development processes; however, action-oriented researchers face challenges in fostering genuine empowerment and meaningful participation within traditional funding cycles and research timelines. This case study illustrates a participatory methodology employed by researchers in partnership with one Honduran non-governmental organization (NGO) to conduct 'practical' participatory evaluation with rural Honduran youth. Through collaborative autoethnography, two components of this methodology are identified and described.

Characterization of Antibiotic-Resistance Antarctic That Produce Bacteriocin-like Compounds.

In this study, bacterial isolates C1-4-7, D2-4-6, and M1-4-11 from Antarctic soil were phenotypically and genotypically characterized, and their antibacterial spectrum and that of cell-free culture supernatant were investigated. Finally, the effect of temperature and culture medium on the production of antimicrobial compounds was investigated. The three bacteria were identified as different strains of the genus .

Students' reading comprehension level and reading demands in teacher education programs: the elephant in the room?

Introduction: Reading comprehension is considered a key ability for students in teacher education programs.

Methods: Data from 72 students enrolled in a Chilean school of education was used to estimate the contribution of reading proficiency in first-semester academic performance using regression analysis.

Results: Reading comprehension made a significant, albeit modest contribution to predict students' academic performance, after controlling for their scores in the standardized national admission tests and high-school grades.

Latinas in medicine: evaluating and understanding the experience of Latinas in medical education: a cross sectional survey.

Background: The percentage of physicians identifying as Latina has not improved despite improvements in recruitment of Latina medical students, suggesting barriers to retention and career advancement. Discriminatory experiences and mental health inflictions throughout training may contribute to difficulties in recruitment, retainment, and advancement of Hispanic/Latinx trainees, a notably understudied population.

Methods: An anonymous, online survey was distributed to Latinas in the continental U.

Systematic review: fluid biomarkers and machine learning methods to improve the diagnosis from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease.

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is often considered an early stage of dementia, with estimated rates of progression to dementia up to 80-90% after approximately 6 years from the initial diagnosis. Diagnosis of cognitive impairment in dementia is typically based on clinical evaluation, neuropsychological assessments, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers, and neuroimaging. The main goal of diagnosing MCI is to determine its cause, particularly whether it is due to Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Exploring the relationship between frailty and executive dysfunction: the role of frontal white matter hyperintensities.

Introduction: Frailty is a geriatric syndrome frequently associated with executive dysfunction and white matter hyperintensities (WMH). But the relation between executive dysfunction and brain changes is poorly understood in frail subjects. Our hypothesis is that frontal-WMH mediates the association between frailty and executive dysfunction.

Intraoperative immediate strength recovery following lacertus fibrosus release in patients with proximal median nerve compression at the elbow.

Purpose: In the literature, we find that patients with lacertus syndrome (LS), proximal median nerve compression at the elbow, present subjective improvement of thumb, and index flexion strength after lacertus fibrosus (LF) release. The aim of this study is to objectively evaluate the immediate change in intraoperative flexion strength after LF release.

Method: We retrospectively reviewed prospectively collected data of a cohort of 24 patients with a double crush syndrome of the median nerve with no response to conservative treatment.

Tuning the conductance of carbon rings with impurities and electric fields.

We explore two mechanisms to tune the electronic conductance of carbon atom rings, namely, substitutional impurities and in-plane external electric fields. First-principles calculations and a tight-binding approach are used to model the systems. Two bond configurations are studied, cumulenic and polyynic, which can be relevant depending on the number of carbon atoms in the ring.

Neuro-Sjögren: A clinical-radiological paradox affecting the central nervous system.

Neurological manifestations can occur in up to 67% of patients with primary Sjögren's Syndrome, also known as Neuro-Sjogren's syndrome (NSS), and a 5% can present central nervous system involvement, with severe and possibly lethal consequences. We present the radiological follow-up of a patient with NSS who consulted for limb weakness and visual loss, and fourteen years later developed sicca symptoms. She was diagnosed with a saliva gland biopsy, and started treatment with steroids, cyclophosphamide, and then rituximab, achieving a favourable clinical response and stabilization of lesions.

Study of a set of reading precursors among Chilean children with Down syndrome.

Learning to read for children with Down syndrome is relevant because of the impact this ability has on learning and the development of autonomy. Previous research has described reading development in this population, but it is not clear if the process and precursors are the same in a transparent language like Spanish. This study explores performance in a set of precursors (phonological awareness, visual recognition, vocabulary, letter knowledge and verbal reasoning) in 42 children with Down syndrome between 6:0 and 10:11 years.

Vertical and In-Plane Electronic Transport of Graphene Nanoribbon/Nanotube Heterostructures.

All-carbon systems have proven to present interesting transport properties and are often used in electronic devices. Motivated by recent resonant responses measured on graphene/fullerene junction, we propose coupled nanoribbons/carbon-nanotube heterostructures for use as charge filters and to allow tuned transport. These hybrid systems are engineered as a four-terminal device, and we explore multiple combinations of source and collector leads.

Biomarkers for dementia in Latin American countries: Gaps and opportunities.

Limited knowledge on dementia biomarkers in Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries remains a serious barrier. Here, we reported a survey to explore the ongoing work, needs, interests, potential barriers, and opportunities for future studies related to biomarkers. The results show that neuroimaging is the most used biomarker (73%), followed by genetic studies (40%), peripheral fluids biomarkers (31%), and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers (29%).

Overnutrition, Nasopharyngeal Pathogenic Bacteria and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Infants with Viral Lower Respiratory Tract Infections.

Background: Little is known about the interaction between the nasopharyngeal bacterial profile and the nutritional status in children. In this study, our main goal was to evaluate the associations between overnutrition and the presence of four potentially pathogenic bacteria in the nasopharynx of infants with viral lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). In addition, we determined whether changes in the nasopharyngeal bacterial profile were associated with mucosal and serum proinflammatory cytokines and with clinical disease severity.

Transport signatures of few-atom carbon rings.

We study the electronic transport through an all-carbon quantum ring side-coupled to a quantum wire. We employ both first-principles calculations and a tight-binding approach; the latter allows for the derivation of analytical expressions for the conductance and density of states, which facilitates the interpretation of the transport characteristics. Two bond models are employed: either all the hoppings are equal (cumulenic ring) or they have alternating bonds (polyynic ring).

Systematic Review: microRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Mild Cognitive Impairment Diagnosis.

The rate of progression from Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is estimated at >10% per year, reaching up to 80-90% after 6 years. MCI is considered an indicator of early-stage AD. In this context, the diagnostic screening of MCI is crucial for detecting individuals at high risk of AD before they progress and manifest further severe symptoms.

Manipulation of Majorana bound states in proximity to a quantum ring with Rashba coupling.

The quest for Majorana zero modes in the laboratory is an active field of research in condensed matter physics. In this regard, there have been many theoretical proposals; however, their experimental detection remains elusive. In this article, we present a realistic setting by considering a quantum ring with Rashba spin-orbit coupling and threaded by a magnetic flux, in contact with a topological superconducting nanowire.