Equine sarcoids: A clinicopathologic study of 49 cases, with mitotic count and clinical type predictive of recurrence.

Sarcoids are common mesenchymal neoplasms of horses. Although there are few studies in which sarcoids have been followed over a long period of time, sarcoids are considered locally invasive and have been reported to frequently recur following surgical excision. Currently, no histological features have been identified to predict which sarcoids will recur after excision.

Detection of a novel papillomaviral sequence in viral plaques confined to the pinna of a dog.

A raised plaque that contained histological evidence of papillomavirus infection and sequences from a novel papillomavirus type developed close to the ear canal of a 14-year-old West Highland white terrier. The plaque was excised, and further plaques developed within the same area of pinna.

Detection of a Novel Papillomavirus Type within a Feline Cutaneous Basal Cell Carcinoma.

A 4 cm diameter exophytic mass was excised from the left flank of a 10-year-old domestic short-haired cat. Histology of the superficial aspects of the mass revealed epidermal cells arranged in nests and trabeculae while the deeper parts of the mass consisted of small round cells arranged in sheets or bundles of elongate spindle-shaped cells. A diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) was made.

Cutaneous plaques associated with a putative novel papillomavirus type in a horse.

Case History And Clinical Findings: A 6-year-old Thoroughbred mare developed multiple flat plaques, < 1 cm in diameter, on the left front fetlock. These were treated topically using 5-fluorouracil and resolved after 4 weeks. However, additional similar plaques developed on the left front pastern 5 months later.

Evidence from a Series of 104 Equine Sarcoids Suggests That Most Sarcoids in New Zealand Are Caused by Bovine Papillomavirus Type 2, although Both BPV1 and BPV2 DNA Are Detectable in around 10% of Sarcoids.

Equine sarcoids are common mesenchymal neoplasms of horses that are caused by cross-species infection by . While bovine papillomavirus (BPV) 1 and 2 are the most common causes, there are differences between countries regarding which of these BPV types cause the majority of sarcoids. Additionally, no causative PV can be detected in a subset of sarcoids, suggesting that other PV types could be rarer causes of these neoplasms.

Development of multiple cutaneous and follicular neoplasms associated with canine papillomavirus type 3 in a dog.

A 12-year-old spayed English pointer dog developed multiple skin lesions including pigmented viral plaques, basal cell carcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas and trichoblastomas. Canine papillomavirus type 3 was detected in multiple lesions suggesting common aetiology.

Peripheral arteriovenous fistula manifesting as antebrachial dermatopathy in a cat.

CASE DESCRIPTION A 13-year-old neutered male Abyssinian cat with a 4-month history of right forelimb edema and multifocal crusting lesions at the distal aspect of the antebrachium was referred to a veterinary teaching hospital for evaluation. Extensive hemorrhage from the lesions had been observed after self-grooming, and findings on histologic examination of a skin biopsy sample prior to referral were consistent with atypical dermal hemodynamics and inflammation. CLINICAL FINDINGS Diffuse pitting edema and multifocal, 3- to 4-mm-diameter sanguineous crusting lesions affecting the antebrachium were observed distal to a pulsatile subcutaneous mass in the right elbow joint region that had a palpable thrill and auscultable bruit.

Progressive cutaneous viral pigmented plaques in three Hungarian Vizslas and the response of lesions to topical tigilanol tiglate gel.

Cutaneous pigmented viral plaques is a disorder of epidermal growth caused by canine papillomavirus type 4 (CPV-4). There is currently no standard of care for managing this condition and it has not been reported in the Hungarian Vizsla. This case series documents the clinical features of canine pigmented viral plaques in Hungarian Vizsla dogs and the treatment of a severe case using a novel topical agent tigilanol tiglate (EBC-46).

Identification of Felis catus papillomavirus 3 in skin neoplasms from four cats.

Bowenoid in situ carcinomas (BISCs) are papillomavirus (PV)-induced skin neoplasms that are thought to be caused by Felis catus papillomavirus (FcaPV) 2. As BISCs are typically multiple and can become extensive, they can be difficult to treat. Herein we describe 4 cats that developed skin neoplasms that contained FcaPV-3 DNA.

Does thalidomide prolong survival in dogs with splenic haemangiosarcoma?

Objectives: To investigate thalidomide as an adjuvant treatment for canine haemangiosarcoma.

Materials And Methods: Fifteen dogs with splenic haemangiosarcoma, initially treated by splenectomy, were included. Following recovery from surgery, all dogs received thalidomide continuously until their death.

First report and histological features of Chlamydia pecorum encephalitis in calves in New Zealand.

Case History: Between September and October 2013, 40 of 150 crossbred Friesian dairy calves on a farm in the Manawatu region of New Zealand developed neurological signs when between 1 and 3 months of age. Calves were grazed in multiple mobs and calves from each mob were affected. A variable response was observed to initial treatment with thiamine, fluoroquinolone antibiotics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Bowenoid in situ carcinomas in two Devon Rex cats: evidence of unusually aggressive neoplasm behaviour in this breed and detection of papillomaviral gene expression in primary and metastatic lesions.

Background: Bowenoid in situ carcinomas (BISCs) are rare feline tumours that are thought to be caused by papillomavirus infection. Although they usually develop in old cats and are slowly progressive, multiple aggressive BISCs have been reported previously in a comparatively young Devon Rex cat.

Animals: A 5-year-old (Case 1) and an 8-year-old (Case 2) Devon Rex cat developed numerous BISCs.

Histological evaluation of the soft palate in dogs affected by brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome.

Aims: To histologically examine tissue obtained from the thick rostral portion of the soft palate in severely affected brachycephalic dogs, and to quantitatively compare the histological findings with a similar region in control dogs.

Methods: Nine dogs examined for treatment of brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) were prospectively recruited into the study. Four mesaticephalic dogs were also recruited following euthanasia for reasons unrelated to respiratory or gastrointestinal disease.

Sarcoptic mange in a wild swamp wallaby (Wallabia bicolor).

A wild adult male swamp wallaby from Victoria was found to be infested with Sarcoptes scabiei. Hyperkeratotic skin lesions were confined predominantly to the head and shoulders. This is the first report of sarcoptic mange in a swamp wallaby.

Cutaneous sarcoids in captive African lions associated with feline sarcoid-associated papillomavirus infection.

Solitary and multiple cutaneous and mucocutaneous masses were identified in 5 of 24 captive African lions (Panthera leo) over a 6-month-period. All masses were surgically excised, and all were histologically similar to equine and feline sarcoids. DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue.

Increased p16CDKN2A protein within feline cutaneous viral plaques, bowenoid in situ carcinomas, and a subset of invasive squamous cell carcinomas.

Cutaneous viral plaques and bowenoid in situ carcinomas (BISCs) in cats are thought to be caused by papillomavirus (PV) infection. There is evidence that PVs may also cause some feline invasive squamous cell carcinomas (ISCCs). Human oncogenic PVs degrade retinoblastoma (RB) protein, impairing cell cycle control.

Metastatic malignant melanoma in an alpaca (Vicugna pacos).

A case of malignant melanoma in a 7-year-old, intact, black, male Huacaya alpaca with a history of a chronic, nonhealing wound involving the left external nostril, weight loss, and inappetence is described. Malignant melanoma was diagnosed by histology of punch biopsy specimens from a mass on the maxilla associated with the nonhealing wound and from a mass in the submandibular region. The alpaca was humanely euthanized 10 days after the diagnosis on the basis of the poor prognosis and rapid clinical deterioration.

Severity and distribution of ventral thoracolumbar spondylosis and histological assessment of associated intervertebral disc degeneration in cull rams.

Aim: To conduct a pilot study investigating the incidence and pathology of spondylosis in a sample of cull rams in New Zealand.

Methods: Vertebral columns from 51 cull rams from different properties were assessed radiographically for evidence of spondylosis. They were graded according to severity, using a four-point grading system.

Meningoencephalitis in an adult cow due to Mortierella woifli.

A 7-year-old dairy cow presented with clinical signs of neurologic disease. Despite treatment with penicillin, the cow died 36 hours after initial presentation. Necropsy examination revealed multiple foci of hemorrhage within the cerebrum and thickened meninges.

A possible predisposition to dilated cardiomyopathy in Huntaway dogs.

Aim: To compare the prevalence of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in New Zealand Huntaway dogs with the prevalence of DCM in other breeds of dog.

Methods: The necropsy database at Massey University was used to identify cases of DCM diagnosed between January 1999 and March 2006. Dogs were considered to have DCM if echocardiographic, gross necropsy, or histological findings were consistent with this diagnosis.

Poisoning with 3-nitropropionic acid in possums (Trichosurus vulpecula).

Aims: To evaluate the toxicity, animal behavioural effects and animal welfare implications of 3-nitropropionic acid administration in possums.

Methods: The behavioural effects following 3-nitropropionic acid administration were recorded in 26 possums.

Results: The oral LD50 was between 110 and 170 mg/kg.

Accuracy of dimensional and angular measurements from panoramic and lateral oblique radiographs.

Objectives: Dimensional and angular measurements from radiographs can be used in clinical dentistry to determine the inclination of impacted teeth, the relative position of roots and restorative abutments, and for implant site assessment. This study was carried out to assess the in-vitro accuracy of such measurements obtained from three rotational panoramic systems and two standardized lateral oblique projections (45 degrees and 60 degrees) using two cephalometric systems.

Methods: Acrylic test models with wires positioned to represent the position and angulations of the teeth were used.

Laser etching of enamel for direct bonding.

The application of laser irradiation to etch dental enamel in preparation for direct bonding of orthodontic appliances has been studied. Forty extracted human teeth were divided into four groups of 10 teeth. Within each group, five teeth were subjected to a 30 sec acid etch of the buccal enamel surface; the other five in each group were etched with a laser.