Cord blood transfusions in extremely low gestational age neonates to reduce severe retinopathy of prematurity: results of a prespecified interim analysis of the randomized BORN trial.

Background: Preterm infants are at high risk for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), with potential life-long visual impairment. Low fetal hemoglobin (HbF) levels predict ROP. It is unknown if preventing the HbF decrease also reduces ROP.

Acute and post-acute multidisciplinary outcomes of newborns born from mothers with SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy or the perinatal period.

Introduction: We performed a single-center, prospective, observational study of newborns born from mothers with microbiologically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy or at time of delivery to evaluate acute and mid-term multidisciplinary outcomes.

Methods: Infants were offered a multidisciplinary follow-up consisting of nasopharyngeal Polymerase Chain Reaction test at birth and at 48-72 h of life, auxological and ophthalmological assessments, and serologic testing.

Results: 791 women and their 791 children (52.

Wetting Characteristics of Laser-Ablated Hierarchical Textures Replicated by Micro Injection Molding.

Texturing can be used to functionalize the surface of plastic parts and, in particular, to modify the interaction with fluids. Wetting functionalization can be used for microfluidics, medical devices, scaffolds, and more. In this research, hierarchical textures were generated on steel mold inserts using femtosecond laser ablation to transfer on plastic parts surface via injection molding.

Visual Function in Children with GNAO1-Related Encephalopathy.

Background: GNAO1-related encephalopathies include a broad spectrum of developmental disorders caused by de novo heterozygous mutations in the GNAO1 gene, encoding the G (o) subunit α of G-proteins. These conditions are characterized by epilepsy, movement disorders and developmental impairment, in combination or as isolated features.

Objective: This study aimed at describing the profile of neurovisual competences in children with GNAO1 deficiency to better characterize the phenotype of the disease spectrum.

Cortical Visual Impairment in CDKL5 Deficiency Disorder.

Background: CDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD) is a developmental encephalopathy caused by pathogenic variants in the gene cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5. Cerebral visual impairment (CVI) is frequent in patients with CDD. In addition to being recognized as a specific feature of the pathology, it has been suggested that visual impairment may correlate with neurodevelopmental outcome and epilepsy severity, but no systematic behavioral visual assessment has been performed.

The role of retinal imaging in the management of abusive head trauma cases.

Background: As retinal hemorrhage (RH) is the most frequent and reliable finding of abusive head trauma (AHT), an ophthalmology consultation should be systematically required in suspected cases. Full retinal examination through pharmacologically dilated pupil can detect the type and pattern of RHs, helping to distinguish abusive from non-abusive head trauma.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of a case series of 6 infants (aged 0.

Short- and mid-term multidisciplinary outcomes of newborns exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in utero or during the perinatal period: preliminary findings.

Unlabelled: The long-term outcomes of newborns exposed to SARS-CoV-2 infection in utero or during the first hours of life are still unknown. We performed a single-center, prospective, observational study of newborns born from mothers with microbiologically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy or at time of delivery. Infants were offered a multidisciplinary follow-up consisting of nasopharyngeal Polymerase Chain Reaction test at birth and at 48-72 h of life, auxological growth and neurological development, serologic testing, and audiological and ophthalmological assessments.

Visual Function and Ophthalmological Findings in CHARGE Syndrome: Revision of Literature, Definition of a New Clinical Spectrum and Genotype Phenotype Correlation.

CHARGE syndrome (CS) is a rare genetic disease causing multiple anatomical defects and sensory impairment. Visual function is usually reported by caregivers and has never been described with a structured behavioral assessment. Our primary objective was to describe ocular abnormalities, visual function and genotype-ocular-phenotype correlation in CS.

[The epidemiology of asthma in adults. An insight].

Background: Asthma is a chronic disease with a great impact on public health and on the patients' quality of life. In Latin America, there are scarce epidemiological studies.

Objective: To describe the prevalence of asthma and the clinical-demographic characteristics in an adult population from a private health system in the City of Buenos Aires.

Early angiographic signs of retinopathy of prematurity requiring treatment.

Background/objectives: Fluorescein angiography (FA) has been a pivotal tool to study the pathophysiology of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in vivo. We examined the course of ROP using FA in order to assess the predictive value of angiographic features.

Subjects/methods: This is an observational retrospective cohort multi-center study of eyes screened for ROP with binocular indirect ophthalmoscope and with FA.

Risdiplam treatment has not led to retinal toxicity in patients with spinal muscular atrophy.

Objective: Evaluation of ophthalmologic safety with focus on retinal safety in patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) treated with risdiplam (EVRYSDI®), a survival of motor neuron 2 splicing modifier associated with retinal toxicity in monkeys. Risdiplam was approved recently for the treatment of patients with SMA, aged ≥ 2 months in the United States, and is currently under Health Authority review in the EU.

Methods: Subjects included patients with SMA aged 2 months-60 years enrolled in the FIREFISH, SUNFISH, and JEWELFISH clinical trials for risdiplam.

Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy With Neurodevelopmental Delay and Hypoplasia of the Corpus Callosum.

A 2-year-old child was referred to the authors' pediatric retina service for bilateral retinal folds, strabismus, and psychomotor retardation, as well as marked thinning of the corpus callosum. Family history was unremarkable and genetic testing revealed a previously undescribed mutation in the LRP5 gene. Widefield fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography were used to image the retinal fundus.

Conserved regression patterns of retinopathy of prematurity after intravitreal ranibizumab: A class effect.

Purpose: To determine if fluorescein angiographic (FA) findings after intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) conform to a class effect previously described with bevacizumab.

Methods: Single-center retrospective case series of all infants treated with 0.2 mg (0.

Early visual and neuro-development in preterm infants with and without retinopathy.

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is often associated with visual impairment and multiple developmental disabilities.

Aims: As most of the previous studies include infants with brain lesions, that can determine visual impairment per se, a cohort of low neurological risk preterm infants without ROP and with various degree of severity of ROP was assessed in order to establish visual and neurodevelopmental outcome.

Study Design: Preterm infants born at <31 weeks gestation, without major brain lesions, underwent visual function assessment at 1 year corrected age and neurodevelopmental assessment at 2 years corrected age.

Functional and Morphologic Findings at Four Years After Intravitreal Bevacizumab or Laser for Type 1 ROP.

Background And Objective: To compare morphologic and functional status at age 4 years for patients treated in one eye with laser photocoagulation and the other eye with intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injection for Type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Patients And Methods: In this single-center, randomized, controlled trial, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in logMAR was obtained along with spherical equivalent refraction (SER), fluorescein angiography (FA), optical coherent tomography (OCT), and OCT angiography (OCTA).

Results: Eighteen babies (36 eyes) were selected for this study.

Cell and tissue response to nanotextured Ti6Al4V and Zr implants using high-speed femtosecond laser-induced periodic surface structures.

In this paper, the effect of femtosecond laser nanotexturing of surfaces of Ti6Al4V and Zr implants on their biological compatibility is presented and discussed. Highly regular and homogeneous nanostructures with sub-micrometer period were imprinted on implant surfaces. Surfaces were morphologically and chemically investigated by SEM and XPS.

Quantum Dots Synthesis Through Direct Laser Patterning: A Review.

In this brief review the advances on Direct Laser Patterning (DLP) for the synthesis of photo-luminescent semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) belonging to II-VI groups, especially in solid state using laser-assisted conversion are reported and commented. The chemistry of the precursor synthesis is illustrated because it is a crucial step for the development of the direct laser patterning of QDs. In particular, the analysis of cadmium (bis)thiolate and cadmium xanthates precursors after thermal and laser treatment is examined, with a special focus on the optical properties of the formed QDs.

Root surface alterations following manual and mechanical scaling: A comparative study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the morphological and surface roughness changes in dental root samples following periodontal scaling by hand curette, piezoelectric ultrasonic devices or a combination of these.

Methods: Twenty-four monoradicular teeth extracted as a result of periodontal disease were divided into 4 groups: Group A was treated by piezoelectric ultrasonic scaler Piezon Master 400; Group P by piezoelectric ultrasonic scaler PiezoSmart ; Group C using Gracey curette 7/8; Group AC by a combined technique of piezoelectric ultrasonic scaler Piezon Master 400 and Gracey curette 7/8. The treated samples were then analysed using a white light interferometer and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Follow-up to Age 4 Years of Treatment of Type 1 Retinopathy of Prematurity Intravitreal Bevacizumab Injection versus Laser: Fluorescein Angiographic Findings.

Purpose: To compare structural outcome at age 4 years of eyes treated with intravitreal injection of bevacizumab with fellow eyes treated with conventional laser photoablation in type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Design: Single, randomized, controlled trial.

Participants: All inborn babies with type 1 zone 1 ROP at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Catholic University, Rome, from September 1, 2009, to March 31, 2012.

High-speed manufacturing of highly regular femtosecond laser-induced periodic surface structures: physical origin of regularity.

Highly regular laser-induced periodic surface structures (HR-LIPSS) have been fabricated on surfaces of Mo, steel alloy and Ti at a record processing speed on large areas and with a record regularity in the obtained sub-wavelength structures. The physical mechanisms governing LIPSS regularity are identified and linked with the decay length (i.e.

Intravitreal bevacizumab versus laser treatment in type 1 retinopathy of prematurity: report on fluorescein angiographic findings.

Purpose: To compare the structural outcome at 9 months of eyes treated with intravitreal injection of bevacizumab with fellow eyes treated with conventional laser photoablation in zone I type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Design: Single randomized controlled trial.

Participants: All inborn babies with type 1 zone I ROP at a single institution were included in the study.