Nutritional Supplements for Healthy Aging: A Critical Analysis Review.

Healthy aging is defined as survival to advanced age while retaining autonomy in activities of daily living, high societal participation, and good quality of life. Sarcopenia, insomnia, cognitive impairment, and changes in sensation can be key hinderances to healthy aging, but nutritional supplements may abate their impact. As research advances, an updated review on their efficacy on age-related conditions is warranted.

A randomized controlled trial evaluation of a smoking cessation and physical activity intervention delivered via telemedicine in the Norton Sound region of Alaska.

Objectives: Tobacco use disproportionately affects Alaska Native people. Physical activity may aid quitting smoking and provides health benefits. We tested telemedicine-delivered heart health interventions in Alaska's Norton Sound region.

The Role of Physical Exercise in Cognitive Preservation: A Systematic Review.

Dementia, or major neurocognitive disorder, is one of the most common causes of disability and dependency in older adults with far-reaching social, physical, and economic impacts. In the absence of adequate treatment, much research has been directed towards prevention. Physical exercise has been shown to increase cerebral blood flow, amplify production of neurotrophic factors, and enhance brain volume.

The Association Between Well-Being and Empathy in Medical Residents: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

To evaluate the extent to which personal well-being may be associated with empathy, while controlling for potential confounders. Residency programs throughout the United States. A total of 407 medical residents from residencies including general medicine, surgery, specialized and diagnostic medicine participated in this study.

Personalized digital behaviour interventions increase short-term physical activity: a randomized control crossover trial substudy of the MyHeart Counts Cardiovascular Health Study.

Aims: Physical activity is associated with decreased incidence of the chronic diseases associated with aging. We previously demonstrated that digital interventions delivered through a smartphone app can increase short-term physical activity.

Methods And Results: We offered enrolment to community-living iPhone-using adults aged ≥18 years in the USA, UK, and Hong Kong who downloaded the MyHeart Counts app.

Measuring intra-individual physical activity variability using consumer-grade activity devices.

Many existing sedentary behavior and physical activity studies focus on primary outcomes that assess change by comparing participants' activity from baseline to post-intervention. With the widespread availability of consumer-grade devices that track activity daily, researchers do not need to rely on those endpoint measurements alone. Using activity trackers, researchers can collect remote data about the process of behavior change and future maintenance of the change by measuring participants' intra-individual physical activity variability.

Popular Dietary Trends' Impact on Athletic Performance: A Critical Analysis Review.

Background: Nutrition fuels optimal performance for athletes. With increased research developments, numerous diets available, and publicity from professional athletes, a review of dietary patterns impact on athletic performance is warranted.

Results: The Mediterranean diet is a low inflammatory diet linked to improved power and muscle endurance and body composition.

Moving outside the board room: A proof-of-concept study on the impact of walking while negotiating.

Purpose: Negotiation is a consequential activity that can exacerbate power differentials, especially for women. While traditional contexts can prime stereotypical gender roles and promote conditions that lead to performance differences, these can be mitigated by context shifts. This proof-of-concept study explores whether an easy-to-apply context shift, moving from seated indoors to walking outside, can help improve the quality of negotiated interactions.

Demographic and cultural correlates of traditional eating among Alaska Native adults at risk for cardiovascular disease.

This cross-sectional study assessed how traditional eating relates to cultural and community factors. Alaska Native adults from the Norton Sound region were recruited and surveyed between 2015-2018 for a randomized clinical trial of multiple risk behavior change interventions for cardiovascular disease prevention. Participants (n = 291) were 49% female with a mean age of 47 years (SD = 14).

Mobile Health Study Incorporating Novel Fitness Test.

Mobile health (mHealth) is a rapidly expanding field within precision medicine and precision health that provides healthcare support and interventions using mobile technologies, such as smartphones and smartwatches. The growing ubiquity of commercial wireless signals and smartphones allows mHealth technologies to have a substantially broader reach than traditional healthcare networks. My Fitness Counts, a cross-platform My Heart Counts spinout study, is a pioneer cross-platform mHealth study for measuring cardiovascular fitness levels.

Traditional Heart-Healthy Diet and Medication Adherence in the Norton Sound Region: An 18-Month Telehealth Intervention.

Introduction: Innovations are needed for preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and for reaching diverse communities in remote regions. The current study reports on a telemedicine-delivered intervention promoting a traditional heart-healthy diet and medication adherence with Alaska Native men and women residing in the Norton Sound region of Alaska.

Methods: Participants were 299 men and women with high blood pressure or high cholesterol smoking daily who were randomized to receive telemedicine-delivered counseling and printed materials on diet and medication adherence or on smoking and physical activity.

Feasibility, preliminary efficacy, and accessibility of a twitter-based social support group vs Fitbit only to decrease sedentary behavior in women.

Background: Health behavior change interventions delivered by social media allow for real-time, dynamic interaction, peer social support, and experimenter-provided content.

Aims: We tested the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a novel Twitter-based walking break intervention with daily behavior change strategies and prompts for social support, combined with a Fitbit, vs. Fitbit alone.

What moves you? Physical activity strategies in older women.

Physical activity improves quality of life and extends independence in older adults. Yet, how to motivate older adults to engage in physical activity is unclear. In the present study, 4108 older women, aged 70-99, reported how they motivated themselves to move when they did not feel like it, and their hours of physical activity and walking each week.

Twitter-Based Social Support Added to Fitbit Self-Monitoring for Decreasing Sedentary Behavior: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial With Female Patients From a Women's Heart Clinic.

Background: Prolonged sitting is an independent risk behavior for the development of chronic disease. With most interventions focusing on physical activity and exercise, there is a separate need for investigation into innovative and accessible interventions to decrease sedentary behavior throughout the day. Twitter is a social media platform with application for health communications and fostering of social support for health behavior change.

Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Blood Glucose, Food Cravings, and Affect in a Non-Diabetic: An N-of-1 Randomized Pilot Study.

Sleep deprivation is a prevalent and rising health concern, one with known effects on blood glucose (BG) levels, mood, and calorie consumption. However, the mechanisms by which sleep deprivation affects calorie consumption (e.g.

E-Cigarettes: Harmful or Harm-Reducing? Evaluation of a Novel Online CME Program for Health Care Providers.

Aim: Patients are asking health care providers about e-cigarettes, vaping, and other electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). Provider advice on ENDS has varied greatly, suggesting a need for evidence-based continuing medical education (CME).

Setting: A novel free online CME course was developed on ENDS risks and benefits, product types (e.

To Text or Not to Text: Electronic Message Intervention to Improve Treatment Adherence Versus Matched Historical Controls.

Background: Ensuring treatment adherence is important for the internal validity of clinical trials. In intervention studies where touch points decrease over time, there is even more of an adherence challenge. Trials with multiple cohorts offer an opportunity to innovate on ways to increase treatment adherence without compromising the integrity of the study design, and previous cohorts can serve as historical controls.

Effects of a methodological infographic on research participants' knowledge, transparency, and trust.

Objective: Given participants' research literacy is essential for clinical trial participation, evidence-based strategies are needed that improve literacy and easily accessed online. We tested whether an infographic letter-that illustrated how dropouts can distort study conclusions-improved participant knowledge about the impact of dropouts relative to a control letter.

Method: In three distinct online samples purposely recruited to assess reproducibility, young ethnically diverse adults were randomized to read an infographic letter or control letter in a hypothetical scenario.

The Healing and Empowering Alaskan Lives Toward Healthy-Hearts (HEALTHH) Project: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial of an intervention for tobacco use and other cardiovascular risk behaviors for Alaska Native People.

Background: Tobacco use and tobacco-related diseases disproportionately affect Alaska Native (AN) people. Using telemedicine, this study aims to identify culturally-tailored, theoretically-driven, efficacious interventions for tobacco use and other cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk behaviors among AN people in remote areas.

Design: Randomized clinical trial with two intervention arms: 1) tobacco and physical activity; 2) medication adherence and a heart-healthy AN diet.

"You have the right to protect your health": Perceptions of Secondhand Smoke and Exposure Mitigation Strategies in Low-Income Patients With Heart Disease, San Francisco, 2011-2012.

We examined the understanding of the harms of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure among low-income, hospitalized adults with cardiovascular disease. Participants were 15 nonsmokers reporting daily SHS exposure and 15 light or nondaily cigarette smokers. We coded responses from audiotaped semistructured interviews for themes.

Health-related quality of life among veterans in addictions treatment: identifying behavioral targets for future intervention.

Background: US veterans report lower health-related quality of life (HRQoL) relative to the general population. Identifying behavioral factors related to HRQoL that are malleable to change may inform interventions to improve well-being in this vulnerable group.

Purpose: The current study sought to characterize HRQoL in a largely male sample of veterans in addictions treatment, both in relation to US norms and in association with five recommended health behavior practices: regularly exercising, managing stress, having good sleep hygiene, consuming fruits and vegetables, and being tobacco free.

Give your ideas some legs: the positive effect of walking on creative thinking.

Four experiments demonstrate that walking boosts creative ideation in real time and shortly after. In Experiment 1, while seated and then when walking on a treadmill, adults completed Guilford's alternate uses (GAU) test of creative divergent thinking and the compound remote associates (CRA) test of convergent thinking. Walking increased 81% of participants' creativity on the GAU, but only increased 23% of participants' scores for the CRA.

The Influence of Exercise Environment and Gender on Mood and Exertion.

This study examined the influence of exercise environment and gender on post-exercise mood and exertion. College student participants (55 females, 49 males) were instructed to pedal a stationary bike at a moderate pace for 20 minutes. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three laboratory conditions: (1) exercising in front of a mirror and posters showing ideal fit body types (i.

DNATwist: a Web-based tool for teaching middle and high school students about pharmacogenomics.

DNATwist is a Web-based learning tool (available at http://www.dnatwist.org) that explains pharmacogenomics concepts to middle- and high-school students.

Environmental and urinary reference values as markers of exposure to hydrocarbons in urban areas.

A study using individual dosimetry to evaluate the daily inhaled dose of sixteen aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons in three groups of primary school children, living in three Italian towns with 50,000 inhabitants or less, (Treviglio-Lombardy; Poggibonsi-Tuscany; Valenza-Piedmont) is presented. The simultaneous use of two passive samplers (radial diffusion) for each child, for a 24 h period, determined both the indoor and indoor + outdoor environmental reference concentrations. We measured the urinary levels of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes for each child and hence determined the urinary reference values for BTEX.