[Myofascial pain syndrome-a neurovegetative complaints pattern].

The diagnosis of myofascial pain syndrome is usually made after structural-morphological explanations have been ruled out. The lack of positive findings to guide treatment inevitably leaves room for interpretation despite the extensive use of all imaging, neurophysiological or serological diagnostics. Under these circumstances, a careful differential diagnosis must be made between functional and structural aspects, both of which in many cases must be assessed in their different relevance.

[Greater trochanteric pain syndrome].

Greater trochanteric pain is one of the common complaints in orthopedics. Frequent diagnoses include myofascial pain, trochanteric bursitis, tendinosis and rupture of the gluteus medius and minimus tendon, and external snapping hip. Furthermore, nerve entrapment like the piriformis syndrome must be considered in the differential diagnosis.

Technical Parameters for Laser Acupuncture to Elicit Peripheral and Central Effects: State-of-the-Art and Short Guidelines Based on Results from the Medical University of Graz, the German Academy of Acupuncture, and the Scientific Literature.

The scientific literature in the area of laser acupuncture is rather large; however, the actual mechanisms and effects have not yet been proven in detail. Since the early days of laser acupuncture, there are still many open questions concerning technical parameters of this innovative technique. In this paper, we report about the most important technical parameters (wavelength, output power, power density, energy density, dose range, and continuous or pulsed laser) for laser acupuncture and present quantitative results for optimal laser stimulation, which allow eliciting reproducible effects in the periphery and in the brain.

Mothers' views on hyperactivity: a cross-cultural perspective.

To examine cultural variation in mothers' perceptions of hyperactive behaviors in school-age boys, we surveyed 135 mothers in 3 ethnic groups: Puerto Rican, Central and South American, and Anglo. Mothers read or heard 8 taped vignettes of boys with behaviors related to DSM-IV hyperactivity criteria. In 50% of the vignettes, Spanish-responding mothers were less likely to consider the boys' behaviors expected than were the English-responding mothers.

A preliminary open study of the tolerability and effectiveness of nefazodone in major depressive disorder: comparing patients who recently discontinued an SSRI with those on no recent antidepressant treatment.

Anecdotal evidence suggests that the recent discontinuation of an SSRI may confound the tolerability of the initiation of nefazodone treatment. We sought to determine whether recent discontinuation of an SSRI interferes with effectiveness and/or tolerability of nefazodone. Twenty-six depressed subjects, 21-63 years old, were recruited at the Massachusetts General Hospital.

[From endoscopic mucosa ressection to gastrectomy. How radical must surgery be for stomach cancer?].

The aim of surgical treatment is complete resection (Ro-resection) of the tumor in all dimensions of its growth, i.e. resection of the tumor infiltrated stomach including the locoregional lymph nodes.

[Multimodality therapy concepts in stomach carcinoma].

The prognosis of gastric cancer is still poor even after curative R0 resection. Therefore, among various multimodality treatments a lot of phase II/III studies have been carried out evaluating preoperative chemotherapy. Although some positive results have been obtained after this procedure, neoadjuvant chemotherapy is still an experimental approach.

Influence of psychiatric diagnoses on interferon-alpha treatment for chronic hepatitis C in a veteran population.

Objective: The prevalence of psychiatric problems and substance abuse is high in the veteran population with hepatitis C. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze the effect of preexisting psychiatric conditions in veteran patients undergoing treatment with interferon a-2b (IFN-alpha) with respect to adverse events, compliance, and treatment response.

Methods: Thirty-three veterans with chronic hepatitis C were treated with IFN-alpha (5 million units three times weekly) for 6 months, followed by a tapering dose for an additional 6 months.

[Stomach carcinoma. Optimizing therapy by stomach replacement or subtotal resection?].

The extent of surgical resection in the treatment of gastric carcinoma depends on the tumor site as well as on the histomorphological type according to Lauren taking into account the margins of clearance at the oral resection line. Following subtotal distal gastrectomy functional long-term results might be generally better in comparison to total gastrectomy. Among the large variety of operative methods of reconstruction after total gastrectomy the Roux-en-Y procedure is preferred by the majority of surgeons.

[Hypothetical and reliable aspects of pre-, intra- and postoperative adjuvant therapy of stomach carcinoma].

The results of surgical therapy of gastric cancer could not be improved in recent years. Therefore, different perioperative modalities were investigated for this tumor. A series of studies could not show any survival benefit using postoperative adjuvant radio- or chemotherapy after complete resection of the tumor.

[10-year results following surgery of idiopathic scoliosis using the Harrington technique (work by the "Conference of German-language Spinal Surgeons)].

From 1972 through 1976 90 patients with idiopathic scoliosis underwent posterior spine fusion using Harrington instrumentation. Follow up was 10 years or more with an average of 12 years. The most frequent and most serious complications occurred in adults with scoliotic deformities of more than 90 degrees.

[Intraoperative autologous blood transfusion. Value in major orthopedic surgery].

Intra-operative autologous blood transfusion (IAT) employing a cell separator has proved an effective and safe means of reducing the amount of homologous blood needed for major orthopedic operations. Homologous blood was required in only 15 or 26% of patients, who underwent cemented or uncemented total hip replacement. This is significantly less than in a control group without IAT, in which homologous blood was required in 65 and 71% respectively.

[Medical advice for golfers].

Although golf is an ideal form of exercise for all age groups, complete mastery of the specific movements involved is a prerequisite. The typical golfing injuries and and pathological sequelae are usually the results of faulty driving and hitting techniques. Apart from golfer's shoulder and golfer's elbow, complaints affecting the lumber spine predominate.

[Long-term follow-up of lung function and standing height following scoliosis surgery in children and adolescents].

Previous investigations have reported conflicting results on the development of lung function and body height after operative correction of scoliosis at young age. Partly the number of patients or the duration of observation were relatively small. 120 patients were followed for at least 10 years (10-14, average 12 years) after surgical correction of scoliosis at the age of 18.

[A 10-year follow-up of the Harrington operation in congenital scoliosis and scoliosis due to poliomyelitis and neurofibromatosis].

From 1972 through 1976 40 patients with congenital scoliosis, scoliosis in neurofibromatosis and scoliosis following poliomyelitis underwent posterior spine fusion using Harrington instrumentation. Follow up was 10 years or more with an average of 12 years. 63 percent of all patients showed a curve of more than 90 degrees before operation.

[Surgical treatment of primary and secondary malignant tumors of the thoracic and lumbar spine].

After considering conservative therapeutic measures, the authors opt for surgical treatment of primary or secondary spinal tumors if neurologic deficits occur or the structural stability of the spine is at risk. The majority of the tumors are located in the ventral section of the spine, i.e.

Restriction enzymes MspI, HpaII, HaeIII, and HinfI applied to chicken mitotic chromosomes.

The restriction enzymes MspI, HpaII, HaeIII, and HinfI were applied in situ to chicken metaphase chromosomes to determine if they denatured specific regions to produce banding patterns. Human metaphase chromosomes were treated simultaneously to serve as controls. The MspI, HpaII, and HaeIII enzymes produced no visible banding patterns in chicken chromosomes.

[Surgical therapy of backache].

Apart from disc prolapse, there is a range of other disorders associated with low back pain, for which, when all conservative efforts have failed, surgical treatment should be offered. It must be emphasized, however, that the indication for surgery needs to be rigorously applied, since the most common cause of failure of surgical therapy is an erroneous surgical indication. Here, the clarification of the cause of the pain and not the diagnosis per se is decisive.

[Backache--causes, diagnosis and therapy].

Low back pain is considered to be a symptom of a variety of changes and disorders affecting the lumbar spine, the sacrococcyx and pelvis, but it may also be a symptom of disorders affecting the neighboring organs. If these points are taken into account and an accurate diagnostic evaluation including such modern procedures as scintigraphy, CT and MR imaging, low back pain can now--in contrast to 50 years ago--be analysed, and often treated with considerable success. In many cases, conservative treatment proves possible.

[Capsular ligament injuries of the knee joint. Significance of anamnesis and findings].

Despite the enormous developments in imaging procedures, the patient's history and clinical examination remain the basis for the diagnosis of fresh injuries to the knee. The description of the mechanisms of the accident as revealed by the case history already provides important clues. The clinical examination must cover all the anatomical detection of lesions of individual parts of the capsular ligaments.