Augmented Reality-Guided Mastoidectomy Simulation: A Randomized Controlled Trial Assessing Surgical Proficiency.

Objective: Mastoidectomy surgical training is challenging due to the complex nature of the anatomical structures involved. Traditional training methods based on direct patient care and cadaveric temporal bone training have practical shortcomings. 3D-printed temporal bone models and augmented reality (AR) have emerged as promising solutions, particularly for mastoidectomy surgery, which demands an understanding of intricate anatomical structures.

Contribution of Treatment with Ear Popper for Hearing in Children with Middle Ear Effusion.

Objectives: we aim to assess the contribution of the EarPopper device to hearing in children with middle ear effusion (MEE).

Methods: The study has three parts, including 1. tympanometry and audiometry before and six weeks after using the EarPopper to evaluate the treatment's effect over time compared to a control group; 2.

Human Nasal Turbinate Tissues in Organ Culture as a Model for Human Cytomegalovirus Infection at the Mucosal Entry Site.

The initial events of viral infection at the primary mucosal entry site following horizontal person-to-person transmission have remained ill defined. Our limited understanding is further underscored by the absence of animal models in the case of human-restricted viruses, such as human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), a leading cause of congenital infection and a major pathogen in immunocompromised individuals. Here, we established a novel model of HCMV infection in native human nasal turbinate tissues.

Gentamicin Vestibulotoxicity: Further Insights From a Large Clinical Series.

Objective: To review insights gained from a 21-year experience with gentamicin-induced vestibulotoxicity including differences in vestibulotoxicity between single daily dosing (SDD) and multiple daily dosing (MDD) regimens.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Setting: Tertiary care center.

A Novel Tool for Nasal Polyp Investigation: An Ex vivo Organ Culture System.

Background: Nasal polyps are three-dimensional structures arising from the mucosa of the upper airway. Due to their complexity, the reliability of single-layer cell cultures and animal systems as research models is limited.

Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility of an ex vivo organ culture of human polyps, preserving tissue structure and function.

The association between video-nystagmography and sensory organization test of computerized dynamic posturography in patients with vestibular symptoms.

Objective: Vertigo is a complex symptom which imposes diagnostic and treatment challenges. Laboratory evaluation of vertigo includes video-nystagmography (VNG) and computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) for the evaluation of different aspects of this complaint. There are vague indications for each test and potential disagreements between them.

[HORIZONTAL CANAL - BENIGN PAROXYSMAL POSITIONAL VERTIGO (HC-BPPV) - CLINICAL DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES].

Horizontal canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (HCBPPV) is one form of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. HC-BPPV is characterized by intermittent recurrent episodes of vertigo following a change in head position relative to gravity. HC-BPPV prevalence ranges from 5%-33% of all dizziness cases seen in otolaryngology, neurology and family physician clinics.

The Association Between Vestibular Physical Examination, Vertigo Questionnaires, and the Electronystagmography in Patients With Vestibular Symptoms.

Objects: Dizziness makes up a diagnostic and treatment challenge. The diagnostic accuracy of the medical history and vestibular physical examination in cases of vestibular symptoms is not clear. The aim of this study is to determine the association between vestibular physical examination, vestibular questionnaires, and electronystagmography (ENG) test in patients with vestibular symptoms.

Neurotological findings after electrical injury at the workplace.

Objectives/hypothesis: Neurotological findings secondary to electrical injuries have rarely been reported in the world literature. We attempt to characterize the neurotological findings following electrical injury and to determine the role head injury and loss of consciousness play in this population's clinical presentation.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Ménière's Syndrome or Disease: Time Trends in Management and Quality of Evidence Over the Last Two Decades.

Objective: To evaluate the evidence and trends in published literature on the treatment of Ménière's syndrome or disease (MS/D) by comparing studies published in the last two decades.

Data Sources: A literature search was performed on AMED, EMBASE, HMIC, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, BNI, CINAHL, HEALTH BUSINESS ELITE, CENTRAL and Cochrane Ear, Nose and Throat disorders groups trials register using a combination of MeSH. The date of last search was October 2014.

Diagnosis and conservative management of late tracheotomy complications in chronic ventilator-dependent patients.

Background: Complications associated with long-term tracheotomy are obstruction of the distal end of the tube by granulation tissue and tracheomalacia. These complications have traditionally been surgically treated.

Methods: Prospective study in a chronic ventilator-dependent division, including 234 consecutive patients with tracheotomy and mechanical ventilation.

Cogan's syndrome--clinical guidelines and novel therapeutic approaches.

Cogan's syndrome (CS) is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder, classically characterized by interstitial keratitis and sensorineural hearing loss. Recurrent episodes of inner ear disease might result in deafness. In some patients, it may also be accompanied by systemic vasculitis.

Extraction of a headscarf pin from the vertebral artery without embolization.

Background: Foreign bodies traversing the aerodigestive tract lining into the surrounding soft tissues is a well-known entity. A 14-year-old girl was referred to our hospital after swallowing a pin that was not visualized by laryngoscopy, despite a neck film that localized it to the level of the larynx.

Methods: A CT scan demonstrated a bent pin piercing the left vertebral artery "through and through," and this was confirmed by angiography.

Turban pin aspiration: new fashion, new syndrome.

Objectives/hypothesis: Turban pin aspiration syndrome is a new clinical entity afflicting young Islamic girls wearing a turban.The goal of this study was to present our experience in diagnosis and treatment of this new entity, define its clinical and epidemiologic features, and shed a new light on the role of fashion in the increased incidence.

Study Design: A retrospective study in a tertiary university hospital.

Recurrent vascular leiomyoma of the larynx: clinical and histopathologic characteristics and treatment.

Laryngeal vascular leiomyomas are uncommon benign tumors that seldom recur following complete excision. The choice of excision procedure-via direct laryngoscopy or an open approach-is dictated by tumor size, the expected amount of blood loss, and any comorbidities the patient may have. We report an unusual case of a recurrent laryngeal vascular leiomyoma in a 64-year-old woman who also had a concurrent parathyroid adenoma and a history of breast carcinoma.

Transient shielding of intimin and the type III secretion system of enterohemorrhagic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli by a group 4 capsule.

Enterohemorrhagic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EHEC and EPEC, respectively) strains represent a major global health problem. Their virulence is mediated by the concerted activity of an array of virulence factors including toxins, a type III protein secretion system (TTSS), pili, and others. We previously showed that EPEC O127 forms a group 4 capsule (G4C), and in this report we show that EHEC O157 also produces a G4C, whose assembly is dependent on the etp, etk, and wzy genes.

Identification of an Escherichia coli operon required for formation of the O-antigen capsule.

Escherichia coli produces polysaccharide capsules that, based on their mechanisms of synthesis and assembly, have been classified into four groups. The group 4 capsule (G4C) polysaccharide is frequently identical to that of the cognate lipopolysaccharide O side chain and has, therefore, also been termed the O-antigen capsule. The genes involved in the assembly of the group 1, 2, and 3 capsules have been described, but those required for G4C assembly remained obscure.