Chicken chemerin alone or in mixture with adiponectin-visfatin impairs progesterone secretion by primary hen granulosa cells.

Adipokines including adiponectin (ADIPO), chemerin (CHEM) and visfatin (VISF) are involved in metabolism and reproductive functions. These 3 adipokines are present in ovarian cells in different preovulatory follicles in hens. We have previously shown that VISF and ADIPO are able to modulate in vitro steroid production by hen granulosa cells (GCs).

Number of Blastodisc Cells During the Laying Period for Two Successive Generations of Layer and Broiler Breeder.

In the poultry industry, genetic selection for growth performance is associated with poor reproductive efficiency and an increase in embryo mortality. The identification of new biomarkers is essential to improve these parameters. The blastodisc, composed of blastodermal cells, undergoes cellular events to achieve embryo development.

Vitamin E alleviates glyphosate-based herbicide-induced progesterone secretion inhibition and oxidative stress increase in chicken primary granulosa cells.

Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH) are the most extensively used herbicides worldwide. Despite a presumed nondangerousness for animals, several studies reported negative effects after a GBH exposure in several animal models including birds, notably on reproductive functions. Several studies concerning the advantages of Vitamin E (VE) for antioxidant activity but also growth and reproduction have been reported in birds.

Chemerin abundance in egg white and its expression with receptors in extra-embryonic annexes of Pekin ducks: implications for embryo development.

Embryonic mortality is a significant problem in the commercial duck industry worldwide. Therefore, identification of new biomarkers for duck embryo development is necessary. In the chicken (order Galliformes), we previously showed that chemerin is a hormone locally produced by the reproductive tract in hens, particularly in the magnum area, leading to its accumulation in the egg white and within the embryo annexes during embryonic development.

Chemerin concentration in egg white in layer and broiler hens during the laying period for 2 successive generations.

The genetic selection progress in layers and broilers makes poultry production one of the fastest growing industries. Objectives of the breeding companies are the stability or the increase in the laying rate and the production of viable chicks. New biomarkers are necessary to improve reproductive and egg performances.

Expression of chemerin and its receptors in extra-embryonic annexes and role of chemerin and its GPR1 receptor in embryo development in layer and broiler hens.

Intensive genetic selection of broiler breeders and layer hens resulted in differences in the mechanisms of growth and also in cell metabolism during embryogenesis. Previous research has shown that an adipokine named chemerin and one of these receptors, CMKLR1 were potentially involved in broiler embryo development. Here, our objectives were 1) to compare the expression of chemerin and its receptors CMKLR1, GPR1, and CCRL2 and chemerin concentration in extra-embryonic annexes (allantoic and amniotic membranes and fluids and plasma) in broiler and layer fertile eggs during the development (embryonic day (ED) 7, 14, and 18) by RT-qPCR and specific chicken ELISA and 2) to investigate the role of chemerin and one of its receptors GPR1 in embryo development after in ovo injections of neutralizing antibodies against chicken chemerin and GPR1.

Differential Salmonella Typhimurium intracellular replication and host cell responses in caecal and ileal organoids derived from chicken.

Chicken infection with Salmonella Typhimurium is an important source of foodborne human diseases. Salmonella colonizes the avian intestinal tract and more particularly the caecum, without causing symptoms. This thus poses a challenge for the prevention of foodborne transmission.

Chicken white egg chemerin as a tool for genetic selection for egg weight and hen fertility.

Embryo mortality rate, which can reach up to 40% in avian species, is a major issue for breeding. It is therefore important to identify new embryo development biomarkers for genetic selection to improve reproductive performances. We have recently shown that chemerin is expressed in the oviductal hen magnum, accumulates in egg white, is correlated with embryo survival and could thus be used as a molecular marker of embryo development.

Adipokines in metabolic and reproductive functions in birds: An overview of current knowns and unknowns.

Adipose tissue is now recognized as an active endocrine organ, which synthesizes and secretes numerous peptides factors called adipokines. In mammals, they exert pleiotropic effects affecting energy metabolism but also fertility. In mammals, secretion of adipokines is altered in adipose tissue dysfunctions and may participate to obesity-associated disorders.

Oviduct Fluid Extracellular Vesicles Change the Phospholipid Composition of Bovine Embryos Developed In Vitro.

Oviduct fluid extracellular vesicles (oEVs) have been proposed as bringing key molecules to the early developing embryo. In order to evaluate the changes induced by oEVs on embryo phospholipids, fresh bovine blastocysts developed in vitro in the presence or absence of oEVs were analyzed by intact cell MALDI-TOF (Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-Time of flight) mass spectrometry (ICM-MS). The development rates, cryotolerance, and total cell number of blastocysts were also evaluated.

Metabolomic Profile of Oviductal Extracellular Vesicles across the Estrous Cycle in Cattle.

Oviductal extracellular vesicles (oEVs) have been proposed as key modulators of gamete/embryo maternal interactions. The aim of this study was to examine the metabolite content of oEVs and its regulation across the estrous cycle in cattle. Oviductal EVs were isolated from bovine oviducts ipsilateral and contralateral to ovulation at four stages of the estrous cycle (post-ovulatory stage, early and late luteal phases, and pre-ovulatory stage).