Intradialysis blood pressure changes among chronic kidney disease patients on maintenance haemodialysis in a tertiary hospital south - south Nigeria: a 2 year retrospective study.

Introduction: Haemodialysis (HD) which is a form of renal replacement therapy commonly prescribed for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, it is not without deleterious haemodynamic responses which may occur either during or immediately after the termination of the procedure. These may include hypotension or hypertension.

Evaluation of a Public Child Eye Health Tertiary Facility for Pediatric Cataract in Southern Nigeria I: Visual Acuity Outcome.

Purpose: A retrospective study of the outcome of congenital and developmental cataract surgery was conducted in a public child eye health tertiary facility in children <16 years of age in Southern Nigeria, as part of an evaluation.

Materials And Method: Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery with or without anterior vitrectomy was performed. The outcome measures were visual acuity (VA) and change (gain) in visual acuity.

Systemic Comorbidity in Children with Cataracts in Nigeria: Advocacy for Rubella Immunization.

Background. Congenital and developmental cataracts are leading causes of childhood blindness and severe visual impairment. They may be associated with systemic diseases including congenital heart diseases which are among the major causes of morbidity and mortality in childhood.

Disease Modifying Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system characterized by inflammatory demyelination and axonal degeneration. It is the commonest cause of permanent disability in young adults. Environmental and genetic factors have been suggested in its etiology.

Multidisciplinary Interventions in Motor Neuron Disease.

Motor neuron disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of upper motor neuron in the motor cortex and lower motor neurons in the brain stem and spinal cord. Death occurs 2-4 years after the onset of the disease. A complex interplay of cellular processes such as mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, and impaired axonal transport are proposed pathogenetic processes underlying neuronal cell loss.

Prognosis and outcome of acute stroke in the University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria.

Background: Many factors influence the outcome of acute stroke, the third leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally.

Objective: To identify the determinants of outcome of acute stroke.

Materials And Methods: A prospectively study of 66 adult patients who presented to the medical emergency unit of University College Hospital (U.

Causes of medical coma in adult patients at the University College Hospital, Ibadan Nigeria.

Aims And Objectives: Diseases of medical origin leading to coma account for 3-15% of emergency hospital admissions in developed countries. There is dearth of data on causes of medical coma in adults in Nigeria in particular and Africa in general. This study is to determine the causes of coma in adult patients admitted at the medical emergency unit and wards of the University College Hospital (UCH) Ibadan.

Risk of aortocoronary bypass surgery in a low-volume inner city hospital.

Incidence of coronary heart disease deaths has been reported to be higher in low socioeconomic groups compared to affluent subjects. In addition, a higher mortality rate has been reported at centers doing fewer open heart surgeries. This article presents evidence in variance with these convictions.

Unusually low mortality of penetrating wounds of the chest. Twelve years' experience.

Within a 12-year period ending in March 1984, 1109 patients with penetrating thoracic injuries were treated at King-Drew Medical Center located in south central Los Angeles. The average age of the patients was 28.1 years.

Outcome of thoracic esophageal carcinoma in blacks in the inner city.

This report is based on 45 cases of cancer of the thoracic esophagus in blacks residing in a socioeconomically depressed area of the inner city of South-Central Los Angeles. There were 30 men and 15 women, ranging in age from 26 to 89 years. Preoperative management, contraindications of surgery, and overall results are specified.

Localized benign mesothelioma of the pleura associated with a hypoglycemic episode.

A patient had severe, episodic hypoglycemia with a mass occupying almost the entire left hemithorax. This mass was initially thought to be an inoperable intrathoracic malignant neoplasm. The findings during operation and the histologic appearance, however, were of a unique, localized benign mesothelioma.

A "wandering bullet" in the thoracic esophagus.

This paper describes a patient with a perforation of the thoracic esophagus that was not recognized for 30 hours. Curiously, this patient did well without surgical intervention. Therapeutic considerations for thoracic and cervical esophageal perforations are discusses.

Bilateral chylothorax associated with sclerosing mediastinitis.

A 14-year-old female developed a sequential bilateral chylothorax from a complication of idiopathic mediastinal fibrosis. To the best of our knowledge, there has not been a published report of idiopathic mediastinal fibrosis followed by chylothorax. The recurrent bilateral chylothorax was treated successfully with a closed thoracostomy.

Surgical and nonsurgical treatment of penetrating injuries to the cervical esophagus.

We presented two patients with gunshot wounds and one patient with a stab wound of the cervical esophagus, managed conservatively, which resulted in no deaths. Results of eight studies of cervical esophageal injuries are reviewed and presented in Table I. One must consider both the surgical and conservative methods of management in planning treatment for the given patient.

Reliability of two-dimensional echocardiography in diagnosing fungal endocarditis.

Although the techniques of M-mode and two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography (echo) have been found to be useful in patients with bacterial endocarditis, the 2D findings of fungal endocarditis are not known. In this report, we present the case of a young female narcotic addict with Candida albicans endocarditis in whom we diagnosed a large vegetation by 2D echo. Decision for surgery was made solely on the basis of the 2D-echo findings.

Tissue levels of doxycycline in the human lung and pleura.

Antibiotic concentrations in the human lung and pleural tissue were measured following intravenous administration of doxycycline. The average serum levels were 9.3, 7.

Experience in the management of 50 consecutive penetrating wounds of the heart.

Fifty patients with penetrating wounds of the heart were grouped into three categories, based on the clinical severity of the injuries. Gunshot wounds consistently resulted in a higher mortality than knife wounds. Central venous pressure (CVP) was the single most important means of determining cardiac tamponade.

Early thoracotomy for stab wounds of the heart.

Fifteen consecutive patients with stab wounds of the heart are reviewed. The left ventricle was stabbed in six patients and right ventricle in four. Sinus tachycardia was present in 54% and hypotension in 67% of cases.

Traumatic thoracobiliary (pleurobiliary and bronchobiliary) fistulas: clinical and review study.

Thoracobiliary fistulas are rare complications of thoracoabdominal trauma, with high morbidity and potentially high mortality. Our experience with four cases and 12 other cases collected from the literature are reviewed. All patients were male and average age was 25 years.

Penetrating gunshot wounds of the chest in civilian practice: experience with 250 consecutive cases.

Our experience indicates a continued rising incidence of gunshot wounds of the chest in the United States. During the past 4 1/2 years, 250 consecutive cases were treated at the King-Drew Medical Center in Los Angeles. Ninety per cent presented with a haemothorax or haemopneumothorax.

Penetrating stab wounds of the chest: experience with 200 consecutive cases.

The incidence of penetrating wounds of the chest is rising rapidly. Opinions continue to differ on their management. Our experience with 200 consecutive cases of stab wounds of the chest between 1972 and 1975 were reviewed.

Reduction of blood usage in open heart surgery.

A series of 142 adult patients undergoing open-heart surgery were studied. All known blood-conservativing methods were utilized in an attempt to use as little blood as possible. Hemodilution, autologous transfusion, prevention of wasting of blood, and management of postoperative anemia were the measures employed.

Granular cell myoblastoma of the bronchus: report of 2 cases and review of the literature.

Granular cell myoblastoma of the bronchus is rare. Two patients are described, bringing the total reported to 44. Review of the literature shows that cough, chest pain, hemoptysis, and wheezing are frequent presenting symptoms and that distal atelectasis and recurrent or persistent pneumonitis are common roentgenographic findings.

Osteolytic lesion indicating Pseudomonas sternal osteomyelitis.

Two cases of osteolytic lesion of the sternum were caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Both were in heroin addicts, and both occurred as a delayed reaction to injury in an automobile accident. Bony curettage and appropriate antibiotic therapy were sufficient for diagnosis and cure.